Retrospective study on the changes of refractive state and stability after cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare and contrast different operation after cataract patients with refractive change rules. To analyze the patients with refractive stability after cataract surgery, and to provide a reference for cataract patients with clinical surgery after visual quality. ●METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 126 cases (150 eyes) were selected from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2015 in Changzhou First People′s Hospital of cataract extraction combined with foldable intraocular lens implantation for cataract patients as the research samples. According to the different operation for three groups, the first group of 42 patients ( 50 eyes ) underwent above 3 mm clear corneal incision;52 cases in group 2 (60 eyes) underwent temporal side 3 mm clear corneal incision. The third group, 32 cases (40 eyes) underwent 3 corner above the scleral tunnel incision. All the cases were measured at different time point in patients with naked eyes far visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, spherical degree, the degree of astigmatism and astigmatic axial, comparative analysis of after cataract surgery in patients with refractive change regularity and stability of refraction. ●RESULTS: The uncorrected distance visual comparison within the group, and each time point after preoperative differences were significant ( P 0. 05 ), three groups of patients were compared with the preoperative best corrected distance visual acuity were increased significantly, and were in stable after 1wk; relatively spherical degree within the array, after 1d and 3d was not significantly different (P>0. 05), hyperopia drift, after 1wk and 1, 3d was significantly different (P0. 05 ). Three groups of patients′spherical degrees after 1wk were stabilized. Comparative degree of astigmatism within the array, postoperative compared with preoperative corneal astigmatism were increased 1d after surgery. Corneal astigmatism in each group reached the maximum, and then decreases 1wk and 1d after surgery, compared with postoperative 3d was significantly different ( P0. 05 ) . Three groups of patients were compared with preoperative astigmatism were significantly increased, and in operation after 1wk were stabilized;astigmatic axis were three groups in the preoperative astigmatism against the rule, the first and third group after 1d, three Tianshun rule astigmatism proportional were increased, and then decreased. Group 2 the- rule astigmatism proportion, after 1wk, 1 and 3mo, the first and third group gradually reduced the proportion of cis regulatory astigmatism, and compared with preoperative increased, increasing the-rule astigmatism group 2 ratio, and increased compared with preoperative. ●CONCLUSION: Above 3 mm the transparent corneal incision, temporal clear corneal incision and above the scleral tunnel incision different surgical postoperative visual acuity are good. lt can be used as a routine surgical procedure in treatment of cataract;phacoemulsification in cataract patients with former majority against the rule astigmatism. After cataract surgery, early refractive state is a state of mild hyperopia and stabilized about 1wk, combined with clinical guide glasses.

Mechanisms of preventive effect of tetrandrine on acquired multidrug resistance in K562 cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to explore the mechanisms of preventive effect of tetrandrine (TTD) on doxorubicin (ADM)-induced multidrug resistance (MDR) in human leukemia cell line K562 from two aspects of the transcription control of MDR1 gene and cell apoptosis. The experiment was divided into 3 groups: group I-blank control; group II-ADM-induced drug-resistance; group III-ADM-induced drug-resistance after pretreatment with TTD. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of c-Jun, YB-1 and Survivin genes. Western blot was used to determine the nuclear protein expression levels of c-Jun and YB-1. Flow cytometry was used to assay the apoptosis of cells. The results showed that as compared with group I, the expression levels of c-Jun mRNA and nuclear protein decreased (p < 0.05), as well as the expression levels of YB-1 mRNA and nuclear protein increased in group II (p < 0.05). However, the expression of Survivin mRNA had no change (p > 0.05); the apoptosis rate of cells was 8.31%. As compared with group II, the expression levels of c-Jun mRNA and nuclear protein increased (p < 0.05), expression levels of YB-1 mRNA and nuclear protein as well as Survivin mRNA decreased in group III (p < 0.05). The apoptosis of cells was 97.2%. It is concluded that TTD can inhibit the expression of YB-1 and up-regulate the expression of c-Jun, thus inhibit the expression of MDR1 gene. TTD can also inhibit the expression of Survivin and increase the apoptosis of cells induced by ADM.

Effect of tetrandrine on the doxorubicin-induced expression of mdr1 gene in K562 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of tetrandrine (TTD) on doxorubicin-induced mdr1 gene expression and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of TTD to K562 cells. K562 cells were treated with doxorubicin alone or 0.6 microg/ml doxorubicin combined with various concentrations of TTD. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of mdr1 and NF-kappa B. Flow cytometry was used to assay the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Intracellular rhodamine 123 (Rho123) retention assay was applied to test the P-gp function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment with 0.6 microg/ml doxorubicin for 24 hours, the expressions of mdr1 mRNA, NF-kappa B mRNA and P-gp in K562 cells were increased from 0.171 +/- 0.012, 0.783 +/- 0.090, 7.85 +/- 0.15 to 0.428 +/- 0.012, 1.075 +/- 0.047 and 73.68 +/- 1.84, respectively. The intracellular Rho123 retention was decreased from 711.9 +/- 63.6 to 347.8 +/- 60.6, indicating up-regulation of P-gp function (P<0.05). Pretreatment of K562 cells with 2.0 microg/ml TTD for 24 hours and then incubated for another 24 h with doxorubicin, the expressions of mdr1 mRNA, NF-kappa B mRNA, P-gp and up-regulation of P-gp function induced by doxorubicin were prevented in K562 cells (0.148 +/- 0.006, 0.627 +/- 0.098, 7.18 +/- 0.38 and 799.7 +/- 45.8, respectively P<0.05). But 0.5 microg/ml and 1.0 microg/ml TTD had little effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TTD inhibits the expression of mdr1 mRNA, P-gp and up-regulated P-gp function induced by doxorubicin in a dose dependent manner. The mechanism of this effect may be down-regulation of NF-kappa B by TTD.</p>