ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is not clear yet about the secular changes of morbidity and mortality trend of lung cancer in residents of Nangang District of Harbin in China. The aim of this study is to estimate the trend of lung cancer morbidity and mortality in residents of Nangang District from 1992 to 2001 and to predict their levels in the future 5 years.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data were collected from the annual statistic reports on cancer death cause from Nangang District in Harbin. The classification of death cause was made according to the ICD-9. Predictions about morbidity and mortality were made by the gray system GM(1,1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the past 10 years, the morbidity and mortality of lung cancer were placed in uptrend slowly. The average morbidity and mortality of lung cancer were 44.75 per 100000 and 41.37 per 100000 respectively, and lung cancer was the first leading cancer for both episode and death of malignant tumors. The proportions of lung cancer were 25.91% and 33.29% for episode and death in all malignant tumors respectively. A half patients with lung cancer was 20-64 years old. Predictive morbidity and mortality of lung cancer would be 47.79/100000 and 44.81/100000 for men and 45.80/100000 and 42.02/100000 for women respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer show a slowly increasing trend. Lung cancer is one of main malignant tumors among people of 20-64 years old. The gradually aging population, environmental pollution and individual unhealthy living habits are the important factors of lung cancer increasing.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To evaluate the relationship among indoor air pollution, depression and oncogenesis of lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An 1:3 matched case-control study was carried out. Conditional logistic regression was applied to process the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After some confounding factors were adjusted, the ORs increased 122% and 113% for the amount of coal using ≥46kg/m² and heating by coal stove respectively. The ORs elevated more than five-folds for disharmony and rupture of marriage, difference of accommodation and acclimation by oneself and human relationship respectively. The risk of lung caner obviously increased for frequent exposure to indoor cooking smoke combinated with depressed mood or mental scar respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The indoor air pollution, depression and mental scar are important factors of oncogenesis of lung cancer.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the impact of stomach cancer on the Chinese population by epidemiological analysis of its mortality distribution.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1990-1992 data on stomach cancer mortality collected by sampling survey involved one tenth of the total Chinese population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The crude mortality rate of stomach cancer in China was 25.2 per 10(5) (32.8 per 10(5) for males and 17.0 per 10(5) for females), which comprised 23.2% of the total cancer deaths from 1990 to 1992, making stomach cancer the leading cause of cancer death. The stomach cancer mortality rate of males was 1.9 times of that of females. The Chinese mortality rates of stomach cancer adjusted by the world population were 40.8 per 10(5) and 18.6 per 10(5) of males and females, which were 4.2-7.9 (of males) and 3.8-8.0 (of females) times of those in the developed countries. Age-adjusted mortality rates of stomach cancer in China have distinct geographical difference: form the lowest 2.5 per 10(5) to the highest 153.0 per 10(5) in the 263 surveyed localities, 15.3 per 10(5) in urban areas and 24.4 per 10(5) in rural areas giving a difference of 1.9 times.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevention and treatment of stomach cancer in China, especially in the countryside and the under-developed areas in the northwest, should be a long-term focus in control of cancers of the digestive system. Urgent measures for prevention and early detection of stomach cancer should be taken.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Age Distribution , China , Epidemiology , Mortality , Sex Factors , Stomach Neoplasms , Epidemiology , MortalityABSTRACT
Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the applicative effects of immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(Supportan) in preoperative preparation for patients with colorectal carcinoma.Methods:56 colorectal carcinoma patients with mid-severe malnutrition were randomly divided into two groups,experiment group and control group,each of 23.Experiment group was administrated with immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(Supportan).Control group was administrated with common enteral nutrition(Nutrison Fibre).Nutritional status,immunological function,inflammatory factor and the satisfaction of colon were observed.Results:After enteral nutrition,the plasma albumin,prealbumin,IgG,IgM,CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/ CD8+ were higher in experiment group than in control group and TNF-?,IL-6 and PGE2 were lower in experiment group than in control group.Conclusions:Immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(supportan) can improve nutritional status,strengthen immunological function,and decrease inflammatory reaction in the colorectal carcinoma patients with mid-severe malnutrition.
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Objective To explore the risk factors of lung cancer in rural area. Methods A 1∶1 matched case_control study was conducted in 106 individuals in Heilongjiang province. Results The amount of passive smoking (OR:2.48,95%CI:1.51～4.08),history of mental scar (OR:4.63,95%CI:1.51～14.15), smoking from Kang (OR:1.69,95%CI:1.10～2.59), smoking indexes (OR:1.75,95%CI:1.10～2.79) and chronic bronchitis (OR:4.67,95%CI:1.12～19.49) had a closely correlation with lung cancer in rural area.Conclusions Lung cancer might be caused by multiple factors synergetically.The main countermeasures for controlling lung cancer were to give up smoking and to improve the conditions of heatable brick bed and heating method.