Ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block for zoster-associated pain: A meta-analysis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Current studies have shown that ultrasound-guided paravertebrospinai nerve block widely used has a significant effect in the clinical treatment of thoracolumbar zoster-associated pain. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block in the treatment of thoracolumbar zoster-associated pain and to provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: We searched relevant literature in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The limit of searching time was from inception until January 1, 2019. Randomized controlled trials addressing ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block (experimental group) versus drug therapy (control group) for the treatment of acute zoster-associated pain or postherpetic neuralgia were collected according to the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Literature quality was assessed according to Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 bias risk assessment tool. The literature data were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software through a Meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 916 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, the ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block group had better analgesic effect and the optimal analgesic effect appeared within 1-4 weeks. A random effects model was then used [1st week: Mean difference (MD)=-0.91, 95% confidence interval (Cl) (-1.22, -0.61), P < 0.000 01; 2nd week: MD=-1.11, 95%C/(-1.52, -0.70), P < 0.000 01; 3rd week: MD=-1.26, 95%C/(-1.79, -0.74), P < 0.000 01; 4th week: MD=-0.90, 95%C/(-1.57, -0.24), P=0.007], At the same time, the quality of sleep and the effective rate of treatment were improved, and a fixed effects model was used [odds ratio=3.63, 95%C/(2.38, 5.53), P < 0.000 01]. The statistical results showed significant difference. There was no increase in post-treatment adverse reactions. Therefore, ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block is safe and effective for the treatment of zoster-associated pain in the thoracolumbar region.

Expressions and its prognostic value research of MMP-11 and cathepsin-D in gastric adenocarcinoma / 中国综合临床

Objective To detect the expressions of Matrix Metalloprotein-11 ( MMP-11 ) and Cathepsin-D(Cath-D),and investigate their relationship and prognostic significance. Methods The study included 95 cases′ clinical date and postoperative specimens of gastric adenocarcinoma ( North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital,2010. 01-2013. 12) as observation group,70 cases of normal gastric tissue(from observation group) as control group. Expressions of MMP-11 and Cath-D were detected by IHC methods in two groups. Results The positive rate of MMP-11 was 51. 6%( 49/95) in observation group,5. 7%(4/70)in control group(χ2＝38. 884,P＜0. 05). The positive rate of Cath-D was 73. 7%(70/95) in observation group,28. 6%(20/70) in control group(χ2＝33. 082,P＜0. 05). The positive rate of MMP-11 was correlated with metastasis and vascular invasion(χ2＝7. 193、15. 566,P＜0. 05). The positive rate of Cath-D was correlated with maximal diameter,lymph node metastasis,vascular invasion and proliferation index(χ2＝7.431、5.654、6.569、6.801,P＜0.05).There was positive relationship between MMP-11 and Cath-D in observation group(r＝0. 46,P＜0. 05). The expressions of MMP-11 and Cath-D were correlated with prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma ( P＜0. 05) . Conclusion The higher expressions and synergistic effect of MMP-11 and Cath-D may promote the occurrence and development in gastric adenocarcinoma. The joint detection of MMP-11 and Cath-D may be helpful to predict the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma.

BRAF V600E mutation and expression of its protein in papillary thyroid carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:The BRAF V600E mutation is a highly attractive drug target. Therefore, determining the BRAF gene mutation status of patients is essential in order to assess patients' eligibility for targeted BRAF geneinhibitor therapy. The aim of this study was to validate the utility of immunohistochemistry to rapidly obtain the BRAF gene mutation status. This study aimed to analyze the correlation of the BRAF V600E gene mutation and VE1 protein ex-pression with the clinical pathological characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods:The mutation status of BRAF V600E was detected by DNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of BRAF V600E protein in 108 cases of PTC, 54 cases of thyroid adenoma and 54 cases of normal thyroid tissue.Results:The gene mutation rate of BRAF V600E is 67.6%, and VE1 protein expression rate is 64.8% in 108 cases of PTC. The differences were statistically significant compared with thyroid adenoma and goiter (P<0.05), but have no correlation with the clinical pathological characteristics.Conclusion:BRAF V600E gene mutation and VE1 protein expression are useful biomarkers for the pathological diagnosis of PTC. High consistency was observed between the immunohistochemical staining results and the DNA sequencingresults of BRAF V600E gene mutations. Immunohistochemical technique detecting the BRAF V600E protein expression can effectively reflect indirectly BRAF V600E gene mutation status in PTC.BRAF V600E gene mutation has no contribution to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Relation of EGFR and KRAS gene mutations with its pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the relation of EGFR and KRAS gene mutations with the pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods The EGFR and KRAS gene mutations were detected and analyzed in 64 patients with NSCLC by capillary electrophoresis and fluorescent probe method.Results In 64 cases,the EGFR gene mutations were detected in 27 patients (42.2％);the KRAS gene mutations in 8 patients (12.5％).The EGFR and KRAS mutations synchronized in 4 patients (6.25％).The mutations rate of EGFR was related to gender,histology type and smoking condition (P ＜ 0.05).There was no association between mutation of EGFR gene with the age,differentiation,lymph node metastasis and TNM stages (P ＞ 0.05).The mutations rate of KRAS gene was higher in adenocarcinoma patients than that in squamous carcinoma (P ＜ 0.01).There was no relationship between mutation of KRAS gene with the gender,age,smoking condition,differentiation,lymph node metastasis and TNM stages (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In NSCLC,EGFR gene mutations rate is higher than KRAS gene mutation.The mutation rate of EGFR gene is higher in female,adenocarcinoma and never smokers;the mutations rate of KRAS mutations is higher in patients with adenocarcinoma.The mutations in EGFR and KRAS can exist at the same time.

A case report of lipomatous hemangiopericytoma / 天津医药

Lipoma of hemangiopericytomas (LHPC) is one ofrare soft-tissue tumors that grow slowly and occur in deep soft tissues. The classical histological morphology of LHPC is circularor spindle undifferentiated tumor cells that grow surrounding the thin-walled branching blood vessels. The clinical and pathological features of one patient with LHPC are retrospective analyzed to strengthen the understanding of LHPC.

Carvacrol pretreatment attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of carvacrol pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Wild-type male C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups (n=13), namely the sham-operated group, vehicle (DMSO in saline)+ I/R group, carvacrol (20 mg/kg) + I/R group, carvacrol (40 mg/kg) + I/R group, and carvacrol (60 mg/kg) + I/R group. The mouse models of myocardial I/R injury were established by a 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Carvacrol or vehicle was administered intravenously 15 min before LAD occlusion. After reperfusion, the mice were examined for myocardial oxidative stress level and apoptosis rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the vehicle group, the 3 carvacrol-pretreated groups showed significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, oxidative stress level and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Carvacrol can protect against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice.</p>

The Effects of Taurine Postconditioning in Pancreatic Injury Following Limb Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats / 天津医药

Objective To observe changes of the pancreas after limb ischemia reperfusion, and the protective effect of taurine (Tau) postconditioning. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (Control), limb ischemia reperfusion (LIR) group, and taurine postconditioning (Tau) group (n=8 for each group). Plasma contents of xanthine oxidase (XOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), pancreatic amylase (AMS), pancreatic lipase (LPS) and trypsin were detected in three groups. Morphological changes of the pancreas were observed using optical microscopy. The expressions of anti-C/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in pancreas were analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. TUNEL staining was performed to estimate the apoptosis of pancre-atic cells. Results Compared with the control group and Tau group, plasma contents of MDA, XOD, ROS, AMS, LPS, and trypsin were significantly increased in LIR group, but the level of SOD was significantly lower in LIR group ( P<0.05). HE staining showed that acinar structure was disrupted , pancreatic lobule gap widened, stromal vascular dilatation and conges-tion were observed in LIR group. The perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells appeared, islet cells were damaged with irregular islet. The immunohistochemical analysis showed the increased expression of CHOP in pancreas in LIR group than that of Tau group. And the pancreatic apoptosis was enhanced in LIR group detected by TUNEL staining. Conclusion Tau-rine postconditioning can ameliorate pancreatic injury following limb ischemia reperfusion, which may be related to the inhi-bition of oxidative stress, down-regulation of CHOP expression, thereby reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.

Effect of C-reactive protein on Notch pathway components in human periphery blood endothelial progenitor cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) on the expressions of Notch pathway components in human peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mononuclear cells isolated by density gradient centrifugation of human peripheral blood mixed with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (Hes) were plated on fibronectin-coated 6-well culture dishes. After 7 days, the adherent cells were cultured in the presence of 10 and 20 mg/L CRP for 48 h, and the proliferation, migration, and adhesion abilities of the cells were observed. The mRNA expressions of Notch-1 and its ligand Jagged-1 in the EPCs were measured by RT-PCR, and their protein expressions by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CRP at 10 and 20 mg/L caused a significant reduction in the number of viable EPCs (61∓3 and 54∓3, respectively) as compared with PBS (71∓4, P<0.05). CRP also resulted in a significant suppression of the proliferation, migration and adhesion capacities of the EPCs. The mRNA and protein expressions of Jagged-1 and Notch-1 in the EPCs significantly increased following CRP exposure in comparison with PBS treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CRP can suppress the proliferation, migration and adhesion capacities of the EPCs probably by affecting the expressions of the Notch-1 pathway components.</p>

Diltiazem Inhibit Differention and Maturation of Dendritic Cells in Peripheral Blood by Enzymatically Modified LDL / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of enzymatically modified low density lipoprotein(E-LDL) on differation and maturation of human dendritic cells(DC) in peripheral blood and the effect of diltiazem on it.METHODS: Human monocytes were isolated by using gradient centrifugation method and cultured in DC Cellgro medium containing rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 for 5 days,then DC was then obtained.DC were treated with E-LDL or E-LDL plus diltiazem for 48 hours,the morphological changes were observed under the microscope,and the FACS was used to investigate the expression of DC(CD1a,CD80,CD86 and HLA-DR).PBS group was set up for comparison.RESULTS: The morphological changes were nor observed.The expressions of CD1a,CD80,CD86 and HLA-DR in each groups were significant different(P

An immunohistochemical study on the time-dependent expression of IL-10 and IL-4 during skin incised wound healing in mice / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To explore the temporal expressions of interleukin-10(IL-10)and interleukin-4(IL-4)and their relationship with the wound age during skin incised wound healing in mice.Methods Immunohistochemical and image-analysis techniques were employed in vital skin wounds 0.5h～168h after incision and postmortem incision 0.5h～6h after death.Results Weak expression of IL-10 was detected at 0.5h after incision,which increased subsequently,and peaked at 3h post-injury.Then decreased to the pre-incision level at 24h,but peaked again at 72h after injury.Immunostaining revealed that epidermal cells and infiltrating mononuclear cells were the major source of IL-10.IL-4-positive cells were observed in the dermis at 24h,and reached the maximum level at 96h,which maintained until 168h post-injury.IL-4 was mainly expressed in the fibroblast-like cells of the granulation tissue and dermis.In addition,faint IL-10-positive cells were merely identified in the epidermal cells in the postmortem incision skin within 1～3h after incision.No IL-4-postitive cells were found in the postmortem incision skin.Conclusion The time-dependent expressions of IL-10 and IL-4 during cutaneous wound healing may be used for the estimation of wound age.

Does cataract surgery accelerate the progression of age-related macular degeneration? / 眼科

Cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) often present concurrently in aged persons. There has been a longstanding controversy among clinicians as to whether cataract surgery is contraindicated in eyes with AMD. Most of previous researches indicated that cataract surgery could accelerate the progression of AMD. However recently studies suggested that cataract surgery improved visual function of the patients and didn't accelerate the progression of AMD. These are related to the development of cataract surgery and the using of phacoemulsification technique.

Treatment of pupillary exudative membrane with tissue plasminogen activator after intraocular lens implantation / 眼科

Pupillary exudative membrane could occur after cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Tissue plasminogen activator (10?g) was injected into the anterior chamber for treatment of the membrane, and its effect and toxicity were investigated. The membrane was dissolved completely in 5 of 7 eases in a mean time of 1.3 hours (0.5-3 hours), and dissolved partially in 2 cases. After the injection, on the second day the membrane recurred in 2eases, and headache and periorbital pain occurred on the involved side in 2 cases. No corneal endothelial toxic reaction was seen.

Clarify some problems when selecting multifocal intraocular lens / 眼科

Recently more and more ophthalmologists selected a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) for their cataract patient in order to get good unaided reading vision. Although the design of IOL have made a great progress, we are still dissatisfied compared with our natural crystal lens. Understanding the design theory and improving our surgery technique are basic for better utilization the multifocal IOL. Does the multifocal IOL reduce contrast sensitivity? Should we implant the multifocal IOL in pediatric cataract surgery? How can we deal with the residual refractive error after multifocal IOL implantation? In this editorial, we try to clarify these problems to make us select and use multifocal IOL better.

NADPH oxidase participation in cell proliferation of human lens epithelial cells and its expression / 眼科

Objective To study whether the inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase can inhibit the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells and to investigate which isoforms of NOX, one of the subunits of NADPH oxidase, are expressed in human lens epithelial cells at mRNA level. Design Experimental study. Participants Human lens epithelial cells (SRA 01/04). Methods The cells were divided into four groups: EGF group was added with EGF in SRA 01/04, DPI group was added with the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase-diphenylene iodonium (DPI), DPI +EGF group was added with EGF after DPI and control group was added with nothing. Using Microplate reader and Cell Counting Kit-8 to determine OD450 value of SRA 01/04 of each group. The ex- pression of NOX family, including NOX1, NOX2 or gp91phox, NOX3, NOX4 and NOX5, was detected with RT-PCR. The RT-PCR products were sequenced to confirm their identities by NCBI BLAST. Main Outcome Measures OD450 of SRA 01/04, expression of NOX and their sequence alignments with other human tissues. Results After added with CCK-8 for 3.5 h, the OD450 value of EGF group increased 12.0% compared with control group (P=0.000). The OD450 value of DPI group decreased 25.5% compared with control group (P=0.000). The OD450 value of DPI+EGF group decreased 26.1% compared with EGF group (P=0.000). RT-PCR using primers specific for mRNAs of the five isoforms of the NOX proteins documented that mRNA encoding NOX1 through NOX5 were constitutively present in SRA 01/04 cells. The similarity of sequences of NOX1-NOX5 in human lens epithelial cells with other human tissues was 100%, 100%, 99.7%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions NADPH oxidase complex could promote cell proliferation in human lens epithelial cells. SRA 01/04 cells constitutively produced mRNA encoding five isoforms of NOX proteins, NOX1 was much weaker than the other four NOXs.

How to understand and select aspheric intraocular lens? / 眼科

Aspheric intraocular lenses(IOLs)have been shown to provide better quality of vision than spherical IOLs.However,these lenses are not ideal for all patients.Surgeons may have different strategies for compensating for the patients's cornea spherical aberration,targeting a postoperative spherical aberration of zero or +0.10 ?m.But we must know that the negative spherical aberration aspheric IOLs require very good centration with respect to the visual axis of the eye.

Capsular tension ring implantation for congenital subluxated lenses / 眼科

1.5mm)and received CTR scleral fixation.Visual acuity before and after surgery were examined.IOL tilt and decentration were measured with PentaCam system.Complications were also recorded.Main Outcome Measures Postoperative visual improvement,IOL position and complications.Results At the last postoperative examination,best corrected visual acuities of all eyes were increased(P=0.000).The mean IOL tilt was 4.33?2.96?before and 4.11?2.05?after CTR fixation,the mean decentration was 2.56?0.90mm before and 1.19?0.71mm after.No significant differences were found in IOL tilt before and after CTR fixation(P=0.844),but there were significant differences in IOL decentration(P=0.009).Posterior capsular opacification was found in 8 eyes(20.5%)during the follow-up period,and 2 eyes(5.1%)received Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy.1 eye received IOL scleral fixation because of capsule rupture during CTR implantation.2 eyes suffered from temporary IOP elevation after surgery.No other severe complications occurred.Conclusions Phacoemulsification with CTR and IOL implantation is effective and safe for congenital subluxated lenses.CTR scleral fixation is a necessary supplement for severely subluxated lenses and progressive cases.

The application of microburst mode for phacoemulsification / 眼科

Objective To evaluate the effect on the corneal endothelial cell after phacoemulsification using the microburst mode with high vacuum. Design Prospective,observational case series. Participants 98 age-related cataract patients (120 eyes). Metheds All patients having phacoemulsification with the Alcon Legacy 20000 Everest software were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (the burst mode group,the pulse mode group and the continuous mode group). Main Outcome Measures Actual power,effect phaco time,visual acuity,corneal edema,and corneal endothelial cell loss. Results The mean actual power of the burst group was statistically lower than those of the other two groups,the effect phaco time of the burst group was statistically shorter than those of the other two groups. The corneal edema and the endothelial cell loss of the burst group were less than those of the other two groups. Conclusion The microburst mode with high vacuum increased efficiency of ultrasound power and decreased the loss of endothelial cell. (Ophthalmol CHN,2006,15: 201-205)

The experimental study on the expression of Bcl-2 and Fas-L after trauma brain injury in rats / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To observe the alteration of Bcl-2 and Fas-L at various intervals after traumatic brain injury and study the relationship between the alteration and the post-injury interval. Method The rat brain contusion was incurred by falling impact injury, paraffin section was cut after the test group rats were killed after various survival interval and stained with antibody of Bcl-2 and Fas-L, the hemotoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was carried out meanwhile. The staining results were measured quantitatively with computer imaging analysis system. Results Positive staining nerve celis were observed around the contusion area. At 30min after injury, a few Bcl-2 could be found around the wound, the intensity and the quantity of Bcl-2 positive celis increased significantly as post-injury interval extended. At 4h, the intensity came to a peak. Then the staining decreased. Although some Fas-L positive staining celis could be found around the wound at 30min after injury, the staining increased insignificantly from Ih to 4h after the injury. After 4h, the Fas-L positive staining cell increased significantly both in intensity and in quantity as post-injury interval extended. Conclusion There is a rule that the expression of Bcl-2 and Fas-L alters along with post-injury interval extension, which will be of value in time estimation of brain injury.

Reperfusion strategy for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in hospitals without PCI facility / 解放军医学杂志

Thrombolysis is still an important treatment modality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a hospital without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) facility. However, the optimal treatment after thrombolysis is still unclear. Conservative treatment after thrombolysis was recommended in the past. "Guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention (2009)" also suggested that the condition of STEMI patients should be evaluated to determine whether the patient should be transferred to a hospital with PCI facility. But this suggestion lacksed evidence-based support. In recent years, several clinical trials suggested that immediate transfer to the nearest interventional centre for PCI was plausible regardless of success or failure in thrombolysis in local hospital, and this might reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with STEMI.

Effect of partial sleep deprivation on cardiac electric activity and function of vascular endothelium in healthy rats / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on cardiac electric activity and function of vascular endothelium. Methods Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (9 each):PSD group and control group. PSD lasted 10 days,20 hours each day. Body weight and surface electrocardiogram (S-ECG) were examined and recorded 1d before PSD,and 1d,4d,7d and 10d after PSD. Serum concentrations of glucose,total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),creatin kinase (CK),creatin kinase-MB (CK-MB),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),nitric oxide (NO),von Willebrand factor (vWf),endothelin-1 (ET-1) and E-selectin were determined the next day after 10d of PSD. Results Compared to that 1d before PSD,body weight in PSD groups decreased significantly,while increased obviously in control group. Compared to that in control group,the body weight of rats decreased significantly (P