Xinmailong injection improving myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated-heart of rats / 解剖学报

Objective To observe the protective effect of Xinmailong injection ( XML ) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats model. Methods The levels of SPF 60 successful acute myocardial ischemia rat models were randomly divided into control group, I/R group and XML group( Different drug concentrations 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L). The control group was continuously given K-H nutrient solution for 2 hours, the other group was given respective different drug concentrations or K-H nutrient solution by Langendorff isolated heart perfusion method after ischemia 30 minutes. The following indicators were detected: Hemodynamics included heart rate (HR), left ventricular development pressure (LVDP) and ±dp/dtmax; the myocardial enzymes included creatine kinase (CK), creatine minase- MB (CK-MB), troponin-1 (Tn-I) and myoglobin (MYO), coronary flow and myocardial infarct size were observed. The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in each group was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results Xinmailong injection could alleviate LVDP and ±dp/dtmax; decrease the release of CK, CK-MB, Tn-I, MYO and the shrink area of myocardial infarction; increase the coronary flow; enhance heart rate fast and certain inhibition of myocardial apoptosis. Conclusion Xinmailong injection can alleviate the damage of cardiac function caused by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Hebi Recipe: an Efficacy Observation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the auxiliary efficacy and safety of Hebi Recipe (HR)in treating early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 63 early RA patients with Gan-Pi disharmony were randomly assigned to the treatment group [32 cases, treated by HR (one dose per day, taken in two portions for 24 successive weeks) plus Methotrexate (MTX)] and the control group (31 cases, treated by MTX alone). The dosage of MTX was increased from 7.5 mg to 12.5 mg, once per week, 24 weeks as one course of treatment. Efficacy for Chinese medical syndromes, American College of Rheumatology 20 (ACR20) improvement rate, disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28), laboratory related indices [ESR, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP)], and related ultrasonic inspection items (synovium thickness, synovium blood flow classification, effusion of joint), and adverse reactions were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate (83.9%, 26/31 cases) and ACR20 improvement rate (74.2%, 23/31 cases) were higher in the treatment group than in the control group [60.7% (17/28 cases), 46.4% (13/28 cases); P < 0.05]. Compared with before treatment in the same group, DAS28 score, ESR, RF, CRP, CCP, synovium thickness, synovium blood flow classification, effusion of joint all decreased in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group after treatment, ACR20 improvement rate, DAS28 score, ESR, RF, CRP, CCP, synovium thickness, synovium blood flow classification, effusion of joint all decreased in the treatment group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Liver dysfunction occurred in 1 case of the treatment group. One leucopenia and 2 liver dysfunction occurred in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HR could effectively improve joints and systemic symptoms of early RA patients with Gan-Pi disharmony.</p>

Influence of extracellular matrix proteins and PDGF-BB on airway smooth muscle cells / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the influence of three extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, namely, laminin (LN), collagen type I (Col I), fibronectin (FN) on the morphology and contractility changes in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). Methods ASMCs were seeded on the culture dish coated with LN, Col I, or FN, respectively, and divided into two groups to be cultured either in the absence or presence of PDGF-BB (10 mg/L) for 0~5 d. Subsequently, cell morphology was examined by the optical microscopy and quantified as the ratio of cell width to length, and the KCl/histamine-induced contractile responses of the cell were measured by optical magnetic twisting cytometry (OMTC). Results ASMCs cultured in the presence of PDGF-BB generally appeared in longer and thinner cell shapes, namely, a smaller ratio of cell width to length, but the cell width/length ratio for ASMCs adhered on LN was relatively bigger than that on Col I or FN. In the absence of PDGF-BB, contractility of ASMCs to KCl increased with the duration of culture, which was independent of the ECM proteins. In contrast, in the presence of PDGF-BB, contractility of ASMCs to KCl or histamine decreased in all situations, but degree of the decrease was smaller for ASMCs adhered on LN than those on Col I or FN. Conclusions The morphology and contractility changes in ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB are influenced by ECM proteins on which cells are grown. For ASMCs adhered on LN, the morphology and contractility changes are relatively smaller than those on Col I and FN. The differential effect of ECM proteins on PDGF-BB induced changes in morphology and contractility of ASMCs is important to fully understand the interactions between ECM proteins, inflammatory factors, ASMCs, and their relation to the pathophysiological mechanism of asthma.

Cloning and analysis of HMGR gene conserved fragments in Paris fargesii / 中草药

Objective: Paris fargesii is an important medicinal plant and its secondary metabolites, steroidal saponins, synthesized by the mevalonate pathway are the active ingredients. The study on the gene of the key enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methyl- glutaryl-coenzyme A reductases (HMGR) in the mevalonate pathway is helpful for the regulation of steroidal saponins syntheses. Methods: In the basis of degenerate primers designed according to mRNA homologous conserved regions of 11 HMGRs from 11 plant species published on NCBI and total RNA extracted from the seedling of P. fargesii, a 404 bp fragment of HMGR was amplified by reverse transcription PCR technology, which is a new cDNA as searching in the Genbank. Results: Sequence analysis showed that the obtained fragment had 76%-81% identification compared with other seven plant species. The deduced amino acid seqence was predicted to have a wider and higher homology with other plants. Conclusion: Protein characteristic zones, conserved regions, and phylogenetic analysis by Prosite and ClustalX could give preliminary evidence for the existence of HMGR in P. fargesi, which is the report of HMGR gene isolated from the plants in Liliaceae for the first time.

Expression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in the subcutaneous fascia of rats and their changes after acupuncture / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the subcutaneous fascia of SD rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=3) including 5 acupuncture groups and a control group. The rats in the 5 acupuncture groups received electro-acupuncture therapy in the regions of the inguinal groove, and at 0, 1, 6, 12, and 36 h after the last therapy, the superfacial fascia surrounding the acupuncture point (about 1.5 cm in diameter) were collected. The fascia tissues at the corresponding sites and at the acupoint Zusanli (ST36) were obtained from the control rats. The expression of ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in the tissues were detected by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 expressions were detected in the tissues harvested from both the acupoint and the non-acupoint in the control rats with similar expression intensities. In the rats of each acupuncture group, ERK1/2 expression was significantly increased on the acupuncture side in comparison with the control side.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The normal loose connective tissue may participate in tissue proliferation and differentiation possibly via phosphorylation of ERK. Acupuncture can promote the signal transduction pathway of ERK, which can be a possible mechanism for the effect of acupuncture in modulating the physiopathological conditions.</p>

Effects on electro-scaip acupuncture on cerebral dopamine transporter in patients with Parkinson' s disease / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of electro-scalp acupuncture (ESA) on dopamine transporter (DAT) in basal ganglia (BG) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten patients with primary PD were divided equally into two groups randomly. Patients in the treated group received ESA at points of MS6, MS4, MS8, MS9 and MS14, for patients with unilateral lesions, ESA was applied on contralateral points, while for those with bilateral lesions, points of both sides were stimulated, the depth of puncturing was made to arrive at the galea aponeurotica. Patients in the control group took medopa orally in the dosage of 125 mg, 3 times per day for mild, 250 mg, 3 times per day for moderate and 250 mg, 4 times per day for severe cases. All the patients were examined with 99mTc-TRODAT- 1 SPECT before and after 6 weeks' treatment to analyze the activity of DAT by ratio of basal ganglia/occipital (BG/OC) using regional of interesting (ROI) technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The uptake of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 increased after treatment in both groups. In the treated group, the homolateral (of the affected limbs, the same below) BG/OC ratios before and after treatment were 1.1883 +/- 0.1471 and 1.2416 +/- 0.3146 respectively, and those in the control group 1.1597 +/- 0.0568, 1.2053 +/- 0.1153, showing no significant difference between them (P > 0.05); while the contralateral BG/OC ratios before and after treatment were 0.9019 +/- 0. 1210 and 0.9496 +/- 0.2522 respectively in the treated group, and 1.0436 +/- 0.1393 and 1.2972 +/- 0.2612 respectively in the control group. The difference value of contralateral BG/OC before and after treatment in the control groups was significantly different (P<0.05). But at other cerebral regions, 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT showed no difference between the two groups in changes before and after treatment, therefore, showed no difference in effect of improving DAT between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ESA could reduce the loss of DAT in basal ganglia and improve its activity in patients with PD to protect the dopamine neuron, so as to delay the progression of PD and alleviate clinical symptoms of patients.</p>

Therapeutic effect of scalp electroacupuncture on Parkinson disease / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of scalp electroacupuncture on Parkinson disease (PD) of grade 1.5-3.0 on Hoehn-Yahr scale.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty patients with Parkinson disease were randomized equally into the treatment group and control group. Patients in the treatment group were treated by scalp eletroacupuncture at the contralateral points of MS6, MS4, MS8, MS9 and MS14 in cases of unilateral lesions or at the bilateral points for bilateral lesions, with also medication with Madopar. The patients in the control group were given Madopar only. The scores of Webster scale and the motor function of United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) were used to for assessment before and after the therapeutic course (6 weeks).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia were obviously improved in both the groups (P<0.05). The difference in the score of Webster scale was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05), but the treatment group showed greater improvement in motor functions than the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Scalp electroacupuncture is effective and safe for therapy of Parkinson disease.</p>

Effect of electro-scalp acupuncture on cerebral dopamine transporter in the striatum area of the patient of Parkinson's disease by means of single photon emission computer tomography / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the mechanism of electro-scalp acupuncture in treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five cases of PD received electro-scalp acupuncture at Dingnie Qianxiexian (MS 6), Epangxian III (MS 4), Dingpangxian I (MS 8), Dingpangxian II (MS 9) and Zhenxia Pangxian (MS 14). Contralateral points were selected for pathologic change on one side and bilateral points were selected for pathologic lesion on both sides. All the patients received 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT examination before and after acupuncture treatment of 6 weeks. And activities of dopamine transporter (DAT) were analyzed by the ratio of striatum/occipital lobe (ST/OC), which was evaluated by means of technique of regional of interesting (ROI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ratio of ST/OC on the same side of the affected extremity before and after treatment were 1.19 +/- 0.15 and 1.24 +/- 0.31 respectively. And on the other side were 0.90 +/- 0.12 and 0.95 +/- 0.25 respectively. They were increased after treatment (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electro-scalp acupuncture can decrease the loss of DAT and improve the activities of DAT in the striatum of the patient of PD.</p>

A novel microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography for measuring lipid-water partition coefficients of pharmaceuticals / 药学学报

<p><b>AIMS</b>To establish a novel microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) method for measuring lipid-water partition coefficients ( logP(ow)) of pharmaceuticals without using microemulsion phase marker in order to avoid the error from tracing the migration time of microemulsion phase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The migration time of microemulsion phase (t(me)) was obtained by non-linearity fitting with logP(ow) values from literature and measured migration time (t(m)) of a series of organic compounds, a calibration curve for estimating logP(ow) of pharmaceuticals was thus obtained. In addition, the accuracy of the values measured by MEEKC was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The logP(ow) values of 4 pharmaceuticals measured by MEEKC method presented in this paper were close to those determined by shake-flask method, and the average error between values from two methods was 0.15 logarithm units. Furthermore, according to the suggested theory, the measurement accuracy of logP(ow) is correlated with different t(m) in MEEKC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The proposed method is simple, rapid, reproducible, and reliable with high measurement accuracy, which can be useful to estimate lipid-water partition coefficients of pharmaceuticals.</p>

Morphological characteristics and clinical significance of Yifeng (TE 17) / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study on the anatomical layers and depth of Yifeng (TE 17) so as to provide anatomical basis for clinical treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen fresh adult corpse samples, 10 males and 5 females, were randomly taken for investigating the anatomical structures and nerve-blood vessel relationship at the acupoint area of Yifeng (TE 17) with layer anatomical method layer by layer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Anterior of Yifeng (TE 17) is posterior border of condylion, the part backward is the aponeurosis of sternocleidomastoid muscle and anterior border of papillary. Structures of this point are skin, subcutaneous fascia, the posterior border of parotid, venous plexus of infratemporal fossa in turn. And the superficial layer of the point are the branches of great auricular nerve and external jugular vein. The structures of the deep layer are occipital artery, branches of upper jaw's artery and vein, pterygoid venous plexus and facial nerve, mandibular nerve. The average dangerous depth is (35.52 +/- 6.31) mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are important nerves and blood vessels around Yifeng (TE 17), which should be noted in acupuncture.</p>

Effects of nitric oxide on mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome C of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of nitric oxide on mitochondrial permeability and cytochrome C (cyt C) of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NO-mediated apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 was investigated by flow cytometry. The growth and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 were evaluted by MTT assay. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential was analyzed by flow cytometry with double staining of Rh123 and PI, and cytoplasmid cyt C was measured by Western blot. The cells were preincubate with cyclosporin A or GSH synthesis blocker BSO to explore their effect on the results of the above experiments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 and resulted in the decrease of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the increase of the amount of cytoplasmid cyt C in time-dependent manner. Cyclosporin A (CsA) specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore could partially prevent the decrease of delta psi m and the release of cyt C. In contrast, GSH synthesis blocker BSO promoted the decrease of delta psi m and the release of cyt C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NO may induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 by decreasing delta psi m, opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and releasing the cyt C.</p>

Comparisons of clinical characteristics in patients with ulcerative colitis between Uygur and Han nationality in xinjiang / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To explore the incidence and clinical characteristics of Han and Uygur pa- tients with ulcerative colitis(UC)in xinjiang.Methods Six hundred and ninty nine patients with UC from 2000 to 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.Patients were divided into 2 groups according to ethnic back- ground,including 522 Han patients and 177 Uygur patients.General data,age,clinical manifestation,le- sion range,lesion degree and complications were recorded in the 2 groups respectively.Results The detec- tion rate of UC by endoscopy in Urgur group was higher than that in Han group(P