Treatment of pituitary adenomas by neuroendoscopic surgery combined with drill via endonasal transsphenoidal approach / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the surgical technique and experience of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach combined with drill in surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 29 patients suffered from pituitary adenomas,collected from September 2007 to August 2011 in our hospital,and the surgical technique and experience of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach in treating them. Results Total resection was achieved in 19 patients (65.5％),subtotal resection in 8 (27.6％) and partial resection in 2 (6.9％).Cerebrospinal leak appeared in 4 patients and temporary diatetes insipidus in 27 patients, and all these complications were controlled after treatment. Follow-up was performed for 3-8 months; the acuity of vision was improved in 15 patients (83.33％); the defect of visual field was improved in 8 (80％); headache was disappeared or relieved in 9 (81.82％).The high preoperative prolactin (PRL) level in 15 patients was obviously decreased from ([304.55+181.30] μg/L) to ([43.27+28.75] μg/L) 3 months after the surgery (P＜0.05); the high preoperative growth hormone (GH) level in 6 patients was obviously decreased from ([48.16+22.36] ng/L) to ([14.03+4.57] ng/L) 3 months afterthesurgery (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neuroendoscopic surgery combined with drill via endonasal transsphenoidal approach in the treatment of pituitary adenomas is a safe,minimally invasive and efficient procedure.

Effects of RNA interference of COX-2 gene expression on malignant proliferation of A549 cells in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibition of COX-2 gene expression and its effects on malignant proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells after interfering at different target sites in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 3rd, 7th and 10th exon of COX-2 were selected as the targets and three COX-2 siRNA expression vectors with human U6 promoter were constructed. Three siRNA expression vectors and two vacant vectors were transfected into A549 cells expressing COX-2 with lipofectamine, respectively. The transfected cell strains were constructed and the change of COX-2 expression levels was examined by Western blot and RT-PCR. The effects on the proliferation of A549 cells after interfering at different target sites were studied by cell growth curve and colony formation assay in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The three siRNAs and U6 promoter were validated by PCR, restriction endonuclease digestion, DNA sequencing and BLAST alignment, and cloned into the pEGFP vector. The cell strains transfected were named as A549-3, A549-7, A549-10, A549-p and A549-pU6, respectively. A549-p cells showed expression of GFP and A549-3, A549-7, A549-10, A549-p and A549-pU6 cells did not show at 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection. The results of RT-PCR and Western blot showed an inhibition of COX-2 expression after interfering at three target sites (3rd, 7th and 10th exons). In contrast to A549 cells, the levels of COX-2 mRNA of A549-3, A549-7 and A549-10 cells were reduced by 10.6%, 33.4% and 61.2%, respectively. The levels of COX-2 protein of A549-3, A549-7 and A549-10 cells were reduced by 26.7%, 44.7% and 56.2%, respectively. The results of cell growth curve and colony formation assay showed a slowing down of the growth of A549-10 cells and reduction of their colony formation rate. The other two targets had no apparent effect on the growth of A549 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a significant inhibiting effect of RNA interference on the malignant proliferation of A549 cells in vitro, and the most striking effect can be seen when the 10th exon of COX-2 is taken as the interference target.</p>

Inhibitory effect of p53 with deletion of c-terminal 356 - 393 amino acids on malignant phenotype of human lung cancer cell line / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of extraneous p53 gene with deletion of c-terminal 356 - 393 amino acids on inhibition of malignant phenotype of human lung cancer cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant plasmid pEGFP-p53 (del) with codon deletion of c-terminal 37 amino acids from 393 to 356 region and pEGFP-p53 (wild type) were constructed. The human lung cancer cell line 801D served as a receipt cell had p53 deletion and mutation at 248 codon. 801D cells, having been transfected by pEGFP-p53 (wild type), pEGFP-p53 (del) or pEGFP, were selected by G418. Growing transfected cells were cloned respectively by method of dilution. Presence of extraneous gene was detected by PCR, their expression in cells was examined by fluorescence microscopy. Cloning efficiency was in vitro tested to examine the cellular proliferating ability. The xenograft in nude mice was performed and xenograft tumors were weighed one month later. Expression of GFP in tumor and transplanted cellular mass were detected by blot slices.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>pEGFP-p53 (del)-801D, pEGFP-p53-801D and pEGFP-801D were established. Extraneous p53 gene and expression of GFP were found in pEGFP-p53 (del)-801D and pEGFP-p53-801D. Inhibitory rate of colony was 99.6% for pEGFP-p53 (del)-801D and 81.0% for pEGFP-p53-801D. Inhibition of malignant proliferation of extraneous p53 (del) was higher than that of p53 (wild type) (P < 0.01). Even when inhibition of malignant proliferation extraneous pEGFP-p53 (del) was obvious, 0.2% colonies were formed, extraneous p53 and expression of GFP were observed. Animal test showed that tumor on the nude mice was positive (4/4, 4/4) in the control group (801D and pEGFP-801D), but negative (0/4, 0/4) in the experiment group [pEGFP-p53 (del) 801D and pEGFP-p53 (wild type) 801D]. Expression of GFP in the cells of cellular mass transplanted by pEGFP-p53 (del) 801D or pEGFP-p53 (wild type) 801D was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro inhibitory effect of extraneous p53 gene with deletion of C-terminal 356 - 393 amino acids on malignant growth of lung cancer cell with p53 mutation or deletion at 248 codon is marked. Inhibitory action of p53 on malignant proliferation of cancer cells is heterogeneous.</p>