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Objective:To investigate the expression level and significance of peripheral lymphocyte immunity and humoral immunity in children with autoimmune encephalitis and children with mycoplasma encephalitis.Methods:From July 2018 to July 2019, 52 children with autoimmune encephalitis (autoimmune encephalitis group) and 68 children with mycoplasma encephalitis (mycoplasma encephalitis group) in Hebei Children′s Hospital were enrolled, and 43 children with mycoplasma infection who were treated at the same time were selected as control group. Serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) levels were detected using a fully automated biochemical analyzer, and peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets (CD 3+, CD 4+, CD 8+, CD 4+/CD 8+) levels were measured using flow cytometry. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the clinical differential diagnostic value of serum immunoglobulin and T lymphocyte subsets indicators for autoimmune encephalitis and mycoplasma encephalitis. Results:The levels of serum IgA, IgM in three groups had significant differences ( P<0.05); the levels of serum IgA, IgM in mycoplasma encephalitis group were significantly higher than those in autoimmune encephalitis group and control group [(1.64 ± 0.56) g/L vs. (1.23 ± 0.48),(0.82 ± 0.25) g/L; (1.81 ± 0.45) g/L vs. (1.56 ± 0.48), (1.12 ± 0.34) g/L]( P<0.05); the level of IgG in three groups has no significant difference ( P>0.05). The levels of CD 4+,CD 8+ in mycoplasma encephalitis group were significantly higher than those in autoimmune encephalitis group and control group [(31.21 ± 3.86)% vs. (28.76 ± 3.57)%, (26.58 ± 3.49)%; (26.86 ± 1.89)% vs. (25.90 ± 2.16)%, (24.71 ± 2.46)%]( P<0.05); the level of CD 4+/CD 8+ in three groups has no significant difference ( P>0.05). The areas under the curve of serum IgA, IgM, CD 3+, CD 8+, CD 4+ and five combined diagnosis were 0.971, 0.835, 0.833, 0.631, 0.706 and 1.000. The optimal critical values were 1.255 g/L, 1.465 g/L, 57.435%, 26.456%, 29.750% and 1.858. The sensitivity was 100.0%, 64.7%, 95.6%, 92.6%, 69.1% and 100.0%, and the specificity was 95.6%, 57.0%, 57.1%, 23.4%, 36.4% and 100.0%. Conclusions:The expression levels of serum IgA, IgM and peripheral serum CD 3+, CD 4+ and CD 8+ in children with autoimmune encephalitis are significantly lower than those in children with mycoplasma encephalitis, and IgA, IgM, CD 3+, CD 8+ and CD 4+ has high differential diagnosis value.
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Objective To analyze the pathological types of colorectal flat polyps after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR),and explore the risk factors of high-risk fiat adenomatous polyps.Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 245 patients with colorectal fiat polyps who were admitted to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between February 2010 and April 2016 were collected.All the patients underwent EMR,and incision tissues were diagnosed by pathological examination.Observation indicators:(1) clinical features and results of pathological examination of flat polyps;(2) risk factors analysis of high-risk flat adenomatous polyps.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were respectively done using the chi-square test and Logistic regression model.Results (1) Clinical features and results of pathological examination of flat polyps:flat polyps located in the cecum,ascending colon,transverse colon,descending colon,sigmoid colon and rectum were detected in 12,26,55,35,73 and 44 patients,respectively.Of 245 patients,153 were combined with multiple polyps.The diameter of fiat polyps was (0.9±0.8)cm.Results of pathological examination of 245 patients:108,40,18,25,14,3,12,12 and 13 patients were diagnosed with as tubular adenomas with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias (LGINs),tubulovillous adenomas with LGINs,tubulovillous adenomas with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasias (HGINs),tubular adenomas with HGINs,adenocarcinomas (T1 stage),neuroendocrine tumors,serrated polyps,mucosal chronic inflammation and hyperplastic polyps,respectively.(2) Risk factors analysis of high-risk fiat adenomatous polyps:the results of univariate analysis showed that age,number and diameter of polyps were the related factors related factors affecting the occurrence of high-risk fiat adenomatous polyps (x2 =8.920,5.455,36.901,P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age ＞ 60 years old and diameter of polyps ＞ 1 cm were the independent risk factors affecting occurrence of high-risk fiat adenomatous polyps (Odds ratio =2.681,8.162,95％ confidence interval:1.481-4.856,3.786-17.597,P＜0.05).Conclusion The main colorectal fiat polyps are adenomatus polyps,and age ＞ 60 years old and diameter of polyps ＞1 cm are the independent risk factors affecting occurrence of high-risk fiat adenomatous polyps.
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Objective To evaluate the role of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) signaling pathway in propofol-induced neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus of newborn rats.Methods Experiment Ⅰ Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were seeded in 6-well culture plates at a density of 1×106 cells/ml and divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:solvent control group (C group) and propofol group (P group).Propofol was added with the final concentration of 60 μg/ml in group P.Dimethyl sulfoxide was added with the final concentration of 0.04％ in group C.The expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in hippocampal neurons was measured by Western blot at 24 h of incubation.Experiment Ⅱ Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were seeded in 6-well culture plates at a density of 1 × 106 cells/ml and divided into 3 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:solvent control group (C group),propofol group (P group) and propofol plus specific RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway blocker Y27632 group (P+Y group).Propofol was added with the final concentration of 60 μg/ml in group P.Propofol at the final concentration of 60 μg/ml and Y27632 at the final concentration of 10 μmol/L were added in group P+Y.Dimethyl sulfoxide was added with the final concentrauon of 0.04％ in group C.At 24 h of incubation,the neuroapoptosis in hippocampi was detected by flow cytometry,and the expression of activated caspase-3 in hippocampal neurons was measured by Western blot.The apoptotic rate was calculated.Results Experiment Ⅰ Compared with group C,the expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in hippocampal neurons was significantly up-regulated in group P (P＜0.05).Experiment Ⅱ Compared with group C,the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons was significantly increased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was up-regulated in P and P+Y groups (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group P,the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was down-rcgulatcd in group P + Y (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Activation of RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway is involved in propofol-induced neuroapoptosis in hippocampi of newborn rats.
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To reveal the innate immunity of mast cells against recombinant VP1-VP4 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), mouse peritoneal mast cells (PMCs) were pulsed with recombinant VP1-VP4 protein. The supernatants harvested from PMCs cultures were applied to the high throughput ELISA array. Our results show that the expression levels of CCL19, L-selectin, CCL17, and TNF alpha released from PMCs pulsed with recombinant VP1-VP4 were significantly down-regulated compared with PMCs alone (P<0.001). Surprisingly, in comparison with PMCs alone, the expression levels of CCL19, IL-15, IL-9, G-CSF, and Galectin-1 in PMCs with the mannose receptor (MR) inhibitor were significantly up-regulated (Plt;0.01), and the expression level of IL-10 was also remarkably up-regulated (Plt;0.05). Importantly, the protein expression levels in PMCs treated with MR inhibitor were higher than PMCs pulsed with VP1-VP4, including IL-10, IL-17, CCL20, IL-15, IL-9, L-selectin, CCL17, TNF alpha, and CCL19 (Plt;0.01) as well as CCL21, and G-CSF (Plt;0.05). Differential expression analysis in bioinformatics shows that both L-selectin and CCL17 were recognized as differentially expressed protein molecules (Log2(ratio)≤-1) when compared with PMCs alone. Furthermore, the up-regulation of the expression levels of CCL20, CCL19, L-selectin, and IL-15 in PMCs treated with MR inhibitor was defined as differential expression (Log2(ratio)≥1). These data indicate that PMCs are capable of secreting CCL19, L-selectin, CCL17, and TNF alpha spontaneously and the recombinant VP1-VP4 has an inhibitive potential to PMCs during their performance of innate immune response. Given the protein expression levels from PMCs pre-treated with MR inhibitor were significantly increased, it can be deduced that immunosuppression of FMDV is presumably initiated by the VP1 recognition of MR on mast cells.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Capsid Proteins , Allergy and Immunology , Cells, Cultured , Cytokines , Allergy and Immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Foot-and-Mouth Disease , Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus , Interleukins , Allergy and Immunology , Mast Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Proteome , Allergy and Immunology , Recombinant Proteins , Allergy and Immunology , Viral Structural Proteins , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the bacteriostatic effect of recombinant human lactoferrin(rhLF) on Helicobacter(H .) py‐lori and its influence on CagA ,Ure and gastric mucosal IL‐8 .Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the influ‐ence of different drug concentrations on the proliferation of H .pylori were detected .The effects of rhLF on the mRNA and protein expressions of CagA and Ure in H .pylori were detected by RT‐PCR and Western blot ,respectively .The animal study :Balb/c mice were adopted and assigned randomly into four groups ,including the standard triple+rhLF(group A) ,rhLF(group B) ,standard tri‐ple(group C) and normal saline(group D) .The histopathological HE staining was used to observe the gastric inflammation and ELISA was used to detect the IL‐8 level of gastric tissue in each group .Results MIC was 0 .5 mg/mL ,moreover rhLF inhibited the bacterial growth and proliferation with a concentration‐dependent manner .rhLF could reduce the expression of H .pylori major viru‐lence factor CagA ,mRNA and protein of Ure .Comparing the group A with the group B ,C and D ,the gastric mucosal inflammation score and the IL‐8 levels of gastric tissue homogenates had statistically significant differences(P<0 .05) .Conclusion rhLF inhibits the growth and proliferation of H .pylori ,moreover inhibit the expression of major virulence factor CagA in H .pylori ,mRNA and protein of Ure in different degrees ,weakens its pathogenicity ,meanwhile reduces the IL‐8 level in mice gastric mucosa ,and allevi‐ates H .pylori related gastric mucosal inflammatory response .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical efficacy and the effect mechanism of hooking therapy and safflower injection in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients of LDH were randomized into an observation group and a control group at ratio of 1 to 1, 30 cases in each one. In the control group, safflower injection was applied to three points of lumbar region, once a day. Seven treatments made one session, and totally 2 sessions were required. In the observation group, under local anesthesia, the big hook needle was used to stimulate the three points of lumbar region first, followed by the safflower injection, once every 6 to 7 days. If the efficacy was not satisfactory enough, the second treatment was given. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (M-JOA) scores were observed before and after treatment in the patients of the two groups and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. The levels of peripheral interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VAS and M-JOA scores were all improved apparently after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (both P < 0.01). The improvements in the observation group were much more obvious than those in the control group (both P < 0.01). In the observation group, the curative and remarkably effective rate was 76.7% (23/30) and the total effective rate was 96.7% (29/ 30), better than 43.3% (13/30) and 70.0% (21/30) in the control group separately (both P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6 and NO were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups; (both P < 0.01). The above indices were changed more obviously in the observation group as compared with those in the control group (both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combined therapy of hooking therapy and safflower injection apparently relieves pain and clinical symptoms of LDH. The effect mechanism is relevant with reducing the levels of IL-6 and NO in the peripheral blood.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Carthamus tinctorius , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Interleukin-6 , Genetics , Metabolism , Intervertebral Disc Displacement , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , Therapeutics , Nitric Oxide , Genetics , Metabolism , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study whether there are differences in the bacteria distribution from the nasal cavity of the healthy children, teenagers and adults@*METHOD@#The cotton swab specimens were taken from the nasal cavity of the healthy children, teenagers and adults for aerobic culture training.@*RESULT@#Corynebacterium, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Neisseria, alpha-hemolytic streptococcus and gram-negative bacillus with, six species of bacteria in total, were cultivated from the nasal cavity of 40 healthy children. The positive rate of bacterial culture was 80.0%; Corynebacterium, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus were cultivated from the nasal cavity of 40 healthy teenagers and 56 healthy adults with the positive rate of bacterial culture was 90.0% from the healthy teenagers group and was 92.9% from the healthy adults group.@*CONCLUSION@#There were obvious difference between the nasal cavity of the healthy children and adults with no obvious difference between the bacteria distribution from the nasal cavity of healthy teenagers and adults.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Gram-Positive Bacteria , Nasal Cavity , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the sinapine in Semen Raphani(Laifuzi) from different places by measns of RP HPLC. Method: The column empolyed was Alltima Phenyl Collumn(250?4.6mm,5?m). The mobile phase was acetonitrile 0.08 mol/LKH 2PO 4(15∶85). The flow rate was 1.0mL/min and detection was effected at 326nm results. Conclusion: The results show the method is accurate, rapid and reproducible. We found it has marked discrepancy in the content of Semen Raphani(Lai Fuzi) from different places.