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Exosomes contain many components including variety kinds of lipids,proteins,microRNAs (miRNAs) and so on.They can transport their loaded substances to the recipient cells and play a role of biology.Exosomal miRNAs play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors,and they are closely related to the tumor growth,metastasis,drug resistance and immune regulation.Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs can be served as reference indexes for tumor metastasis and prognosis,which provide new targets for tumor therapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effets of telmisartan on oxidative stress and the activity of protein kinase C in type 2 diabetic Rat.Methods Thirty six Wistar rate were divided into three groups as normal rats、diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with telmisartan.Blood glucose,blood insulin,blood lipid were measured after 4,5,11 and 17 weeks,serum creatinine,blood uria nitrogen,urinary albumin excretory rate, lipid peroxidation(MDA),the activity of protein kinase C(PKC) and of antioxidant enzymes including Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(Cu, Zn-SOD),catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in renal tissue were measured after 11 and 17 weeks.In addition,the renal tissue were observed by light microscopy.Results The blood glucose and blood insulin were found no significant difference between that in type 2 diabetic rats with and without telmisartan treatment groups.Comparing with untreated group,the level of blood lipid,serum creatinine,blood uria nitrogen,urinary albumin excretory rate, renal MDA and the activity of cell membrane PKC in telmisartan treated group were significantly decreased,but the activity of renal Cu/Zn SOD,CAT and GSH-Px was increased.There was significant correlation between the change of renal MDA and the activity of antioxidase and the activity of cell membrane PKC. Conclusion Telmisartan could inhibit oxidative stress in diabetic rats, and its mechanism perhaps was decreasing the activity of cell membrane PKC.
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OBJECTIVE:To determine the contents of matrine and oxymatrine in Xuanjing granules by HPLC.METHO-DS:The samples were separated on Tikegin NH2 amino bonded silica gel column(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)with the mobile ph-ase consisted of acetonitrile-dehydrated alcohol-water(80∶10∶10)under an detection wavelength of 220 nm.RESULTS:Te linear ranges of matrine and oxymatrine were 0.084 5～0.845 ?g(r=0.999 9)and 0.048～0.48 ?g(r=0.999 5),respectively,with their average recoveries at 99.30% and 97.35%,respectively and RSD at 1.63%(n=6)and 1.98%(n=6),respectively.CO-NCLUSION:This method was proved to be accurate,simple and applicable for the quality control of Xuanjing granules.