Reappraisals of biological behaviors of PDGFRA mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumor / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the biological behavior spectrum of platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor (PDGFRA)-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and to compare the clinical values of the Zhongshan method of benign and malignant evaluation with the modified National Institutes of Health (NIH) risk stratification. Methods: A total of 119 cases of GIST with PDGFRA mutation who underwent surgical resection at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from 2009 to 2020 were collected. The clinicopathological data, follow-up records, and subsequent treatment were reviewed and analyzed statistically. Results: There were 79 males and 40 females. The patients ranged in age from 25 to 80 years, with a median age of 60 years. Among them, 115 patients were followed up for 1-154 months, and 13 patients progressed to disease. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 90.1% and 94.1%, respectively. According to the modified NIH risk stratification, 8 cases, 32 cases, 38 cases, and 35 cases were very-low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk, and 5-year DFS were 100.0%, 95.6%, 94.3%, and 80.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference in prognosis among the non-high risk groups, only the difference between high risk and non-high risk groups was significant (P=0.029). However, the 5-year OS was 100.0%, 100.0%, 95.0% and 89.0%, and there was no difference (P=0.221). According to the benign and malignant evaluation Zhongshan method, 43 cases were non-malignant (37.4%), 56 cases were low-grade malignant (48.7%), 9 cases were moderately malignant (7.8%), and 7 cases were highly malignant (6.1%). The 5-year DFS were 100.0%, 91.7%, 77.8%, 38.1%, and the difference was significant (P<0.001). The 5-year OS were 100.0%, 97.5%, 77.8%, 66.7%, the difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: GIST with PDGFRA gene mutation shows a broad range of biological behavior, ranging from benign to highly malignant. According to the Zhongshan method, non-malignant and low-grade malignant tumors are common, the prognosis after surgery is good, while the fewer medium-high malignant tumors showed poor prognosis after surgical resection. The overall biological behavior of this type of GIST is relatively inert, which is due to the low proportion of medium-high malignant GIST. The modified NIH risk stratification may not be effective in risk stratification for PDGFRA mutant GIST.

Pre-treatment with rapamycin protects hematopoiesis against radiation injury

Background: Protection of hematopoietic system has become a primary goal in the development of novel medical countermeasures against ionization radiation and radiotherapy. This study was to explore the role of rapamycin in normal tissues against radiation

Materials and Methods: Mice were pretreated with rapamycin by i.p. every other day for five times before 5 Gy or 8.5 Gy gamma-ray whole body irradiation. Blood cell counts, HE staining of bone marrow and liver, bone marrow transplantation, CFU of spleen were used to measure the damage of hematopoiesis and extramedullary hemopoietic organs. Regular karyotype analysis and expression of gamma-H2AX [by flow cytometry and western blot] were used to measure DNA damage. Rad 50 and DNA Lig 4 expression by western blot were to see the DNA repair ability

Results: The decrease of red blood cells and platelet induced by radiation were alleviated by pretreatment with rapamycin [d 7,15, p<0.01], and the long-term restoration of white blood cells, lymphocytes and bone marrow were enhanced in rapamycin pretreatment group [d 30,40,70, p<0.05]. The transplantation experiment also indicates that the long-term reconstitution in lethally irradiated recipient mice was improved in rapamycin group [p<0.05]. The hepatocellular injury by radiation was also reduced and the colony formation numbers of spleen after irradiation was improved in rapamycin group [p<0.05]. Karyotype analysis indicates that rapamycin protected bone marrow cells from chromosome mutation. Furthermore, expression of DNA repair proteins Rad 50 and DNA Lig 4 was enhanced and DNA damage marker gamma-H2AX was reduced in mice exposed to radiation by rapamycin pretreatment

Conclusion: Rapamycin pretreatment mitigates hematopoietic system from radiation injury in both bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoietic organs by improving genomic stability and increasing survival of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells [HSPCs]

Prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children aged 0-5 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To study the prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 0-5 years, in 2010-2013. Methods: Data was from the'China Nutrition and Health Surveillance-0-5-Years-Old Children and Lactating Women'project in 2013. Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 55 districts/counties from 30 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) with the sample size of children as 32 862. Definition of overweight and obesity were according to both the WHO 2006 growth standard in children less than 5-year-old and the WHO 2007 growth reference in children of 5-years-old. Results: were calculated by complex weight based on national census from the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010. Results The overall prevalence of overweight was 8.4% among the 0-5-year-old in 2013, with 9.4% in boys and 7.2% in girls. Both of the rates from urban and rural areas were the same, as 8.4%. The prevalence rates of overweight in the 0-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-, 48- and 60-71 months age groups appeared as 13.0%, 11.1%, 8.3%, 6.0%, 4.8%, 3.9% and 15.9%, respectively. The rates of overweight in low, medium and high income families were 8.0%, 8.8% and 8.9%, respectively. The prevalence of obesity was 3.1% among the 0-5-year-old, with 3.6% in boys and 2.5% in girls. There was no significant difference seen in urban (3.3%) and rural areas (2.9%). The prevalence rates for obesity in the 0-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-, 48- and 60-71 months age groups were 5.8%, 3.8%, 2.5%, 1.6%, 1.2%, 1.3% and 7.8%, respectively. The rates of obesity in low, medium and high income families were 2.8%, 3.3% and 3.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence rates of both overweight and obesity were increasing among the 0-5-year-olds in China, suggesting that it is necessary to timely conduct the surveillance and intervention programs on overweight and obesity in this target population.

Epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. Methods: Data was from the samples of aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance program in 2010-2012. P(90) (the same age, the same sex) was used as the diagnostic value for abdominal obesity. Results: The overall waist circumference of children and adolescents in all the age groups appeared higher in males than that in females (P<0.000 1), higher in cities than that in the rural areas (P<0.05), and higher in children with high family income than those with middle or low family incomes (P=0.000 3). The rate of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years appeared as 11.2% on average and 10.7% and 11.8% for boys and girls, respectively but with no significant difference (P>0.05). Rates on abdominal obesity appeared as 13.2% and 8.5% for boys while as 12.3% and 11.2% for girls respectively, in urban or rural areas. As for the levels of family income, the abdominal obesity rates appeared as 15.8%, 11.5% and 8.8% respectively for boys while 13.5%, 11.9% and 11.6% respectively for girls, under high, middle and low levels of family income. Conclusion: The rate of abdominal obesity in boys seemed more responsive to the impact of income in urban or rural areas.

Study on the relationship between family-related factors and obesity of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the relationship between family-related factors and the status of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in China. Methods: Data were collected from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012 program. A sample of 6 343 subjects aged 6-17 years was selected, with matched weight, education levels, household income and other family related factors of their parents. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between family factors and overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents. Results: After adjusted for age, gender and region, results from the multivariate logistic regression showed that both the overweight and obesity of children and adolescents were associated with maternal BMI (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.63-2.05), paternal BMI (OR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.57-1.94), mother's educational level (OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.12-1.37) and household income (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.15-1.46). Conclusion: Factors as overweight or obesity status of the parents, mother's educational level and household income were positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents.

Epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention strategies on obesity. Methods: Data was from children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010-2012 program. In children aged 6 years, criteria of overweight and obesity were followed the WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. In children and adolescents aged 7-17 years, overweight and obesity were defined by sex and age specific BMI, recommended by Guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents according to the Chinese guidelines. Results: The overall rates on overweight and obesity were 9.6% and 6.4% among the Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, with 11.0% (12.8% for boys and 9.0% for girls) in urban and 7.7% (boys 9.7%, girls 5.5%) in rural areas. The rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents were 8.4% (boys 9.3%, girls 7.4%) and 5.2% (boys 6.2%, girls 4.1%) in the rural areas. According to the levels of household income, the overweight rates of children in high, middle and low incomes were 12.3%, 10.7% and 8.2%, with obesity as 8.6%, 7.2% and 5.7% respectively. Conclusions: In 2012, the prevalence rates of overweight and obese were 9.6% and 6.4% among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, respectively, higher in urban than in rural areas and higher boys than in girls. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity seemed to be related to the levels of household income.

Study on the status of frailty and related determinants among the elderly in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the frailty status and related determinants among the elderly in China. Methods: Frailty index (FI) was applied to evaluate the frailty status of the elderly. Data used in this study was from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011-2015. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the determinants related to the status on frailty. Results: The prevalence rates of frailty in the elderly were 18.7%, 20.6% and 28.4% in 2011, 2013 and 2015, respectively. Being female or elderly under advanced age, were both associated with the higher level of FI. Factors as hip fracture, falls, alcohol intake more than once a month, and less participation in social activities etc., might serve as the risk factors for frailty. Conclusion: Chinese elderly showed relatively high prevalence on frailty and with annual increasing trend. The status of frailty was related to factors as adverse events and unhealthy lifestyles. Comprehensive intervention strategies should be adopted in early life of the elderly to delay the development process of frailty.

Advances in epidemiological studies regarding related psychosocial risk factors on the incidence of diabetes mellitus / 中华流行病学杂志

Both the increasing prevalence and growing burden of diabetes mellitus have caused global public health concerns. With the development of bio-psycho-social medical model, the impact of psychosocial factors on diabetes has attracted more attentions among the researchers. This paper summarizes findings from epidemiological studies that focusing on the association between diabetes and related psychosocial risk factors. Foreign studies have shown that psychological factors are closely related to diabetes, but the conclusions on social factors are inconsistent. Domestic studies have only targeted on small-sample-sized and cross-sectional studies. More longitudinal research is needed to confirm the impact of psychosocial factors on the risk of diabetes.

The status quo of service quality evaluation of pension institutions in China and research progress / 中华流行病学杂志

With the accelerating process of population aging in China, social pension system has been rapidly developed, but its service quality remains poor. How to provide quality and efficient elderly care services has become a major livelihood issue of general public. The existing evaluation standards for service quality in the elderly care institutions vary greatly in terms of literature review and practice, and they have only single perspective and lack systematic review. Based on the three-dimensional theory of "structure-process-result" quality evaluation, this paper systematically compares and evaluates the evaluation index system and evaluation management mechanism of service quality of pension institutions in typical countries and regions, and provides an evidence-based basis for establishing an evaluation management system, which is in line with China's national conditions and covers evaluation principles, subject and object, regulation, rewards and punishments, and classifications.

Hospital Infection Management in Outpatient Stomatology Department:Investigation of Current Situation / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of infection management in outpatient stomatology department of our city,and to further strengthen the hospital infection standardization management. METHODS The hospital infection management was investigated in outpatient stomatology department of 18 medical institutions. RESULTS The qualified rate of the city level hospital infection management was 75-100%,and that of the county area level was 40-80%.The disinfection and isolation were not standardized,the standardized prevention consciousness among medical staff was weak,and the hand cleaning and disinfection was insufficient. CONCLUSIONS The stomatology department has a hidden danger to emergence of hospital infection,its infection management should be further strengthened.

Antimicrobial activity of eight root canal sealers before and after setting / 대한치과보존학회지

No abstract available.