Ocular war injuries

1. 14 cases of uniocular injuries due to bomb explosion are reviewed2. The majority of the lesions consisted of perforating wounds of the globe constituting a percentage of 78.57%3. In ocular war injuries one observation was the amount of damage seen or the extent of injury was much greater than was revealed by the external appearance of the wound4. Sympathetic ophthalmia was not observed in our cases due to early preventive enucleation which is the best prophylaxis against the occurence of sympathetic ophthalmia. (Summary and conclusion)

Incidence of post-cataract infection after the liberation

The 3 cases of infection reported in this paper developed post-cataract infections, in spite of sulfadiazine given before and after operation. It does not mean, however, that these findings nullify the value of sulfadiazine as a prophylaxis against post-cataract infection. The explanation of this apparently unexpected result is that the sulfadiazine blood level was not enough to combat the infection, or that the sulfadiazine was not given long enough to become absorbed into the blood. Another explanation may be that there was too much trauma of the corneal incision during the extractions. This led to iridocyclytis, which was not amenable to sulfadiazine. The end result was complete loss of visionOf the 3 cases cited; two were of the extra-capsular method, where a portion of the lens was left behind, causing a condition of a phacoanaphylactic endopthalmitis. In one case, the lens was delivered intra-capsular with slight vitreous prolapse. In the 3rd case the lens nucleus was adherent at its inferior portion to the iris, showing a previous inflammatory condition. There was also vitreous prolapse coupled with a fluidy vitreous. In all of the 3 cases the teeth were carious, and many teeth missing although the root fragments were still presentIn 1945, Dunnington and Khorazo reported an incidence of 13 infections out of 730 cases without pre-operative cultures when 25% protein silver was pre-operatively. There were eleven (11) cases of infections out of 529 operations in which pre-operative cultures revealed the presence of pathogenic staphylococcus aureus. These cases were not given penicillin or sulfadiazine pre-operativelyDr. G. Ocampo reported an incidence of 2% for a period covering 10 years before the war. This paper covering the post-liberation periods shows that the incidence of infection is much higher than that before the war. This increase may be explained in part by the hardships, the turmoils, and viccissitudes of life during the Japanese Occupation; the prevalence of under-nourishment among the people bringing with it a condition of hypo-avitaminosis and lowered body resistance; and the inadequacy of surgical facilities during the early post-liberation period. (Comments and Conclusions)

Acute epiglottitis

1. Fifteen cases of acute primary epiglottitis were reviewed2. Young and middle-aged males are more susceptible to the disease than others3. Scarification and incision are the best therapeutic measures because they give relief promptly4. The average duration of hospitalization is 7 days5. Sulfadiazine given together with penicillin shorten the course of the disease to about 4 to 5 days. (Summary and Conclusions)

A comparative study of some treatments of inflammation of the maxillary antrum

1. A total number of 224 selected cases of maxillary antrum inflammation were subjected to conservative treatments2. The use of normal salt solution (N.S.S.) with or without injection of collargol gave encouraging resultsThe use of neoprontosil in lieu of collargol gave the highest percentage of recovery. In connection with this, it may be mentioned that sulfanilamide and prontylin were tried, but owing to their difficult solubility they were abandoned4. Potassium permanganate solution seems to have given us poor results as far as recovery was concerned; but it is certainly a good deodorizing material5. Surgical intervention was recommended only after the conservative method had apparently failed. (Summary)

Dacryocystorhinostomy

1. A series of 27 cases operated on for extranasal dacryocystorhinostomy is hereby presented2. The results obtained are satisfactory3. Lacrimation is relieved by this simple operation, which is not so in the extirpation of the sac4. The minimum production of scar at the site of incision has been accomplished by the subcuticular stitch.(Summary and Conclusions)