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Objective@#To understand the current situation of suicide attempts in middle school students and to explore its relation with adolescent parent attachment, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of middle school students suicidal behavior.@*Methods@#A total of 4 419 students from grades 7 to 12 in Ezhou City and Xiaogan City, Hubei Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to conduct a questionnaire Survey, and evaluated the suicide attempts of middle school students.@*Results@#The detection rate of attempted suicide among middle school students was 6.8%. The detection rate of attempted suicide varies among different grades, family types, parental relation, parenting style, family income, self esteem level, and psychological distress( χ 2/ t =3.88, 10.12, 18.00, 52.54, 13.90 , 2.37, 8.99, P <0.05). The scores of paternal attachment and maternal attachment ( 14.64 ±13.45, 14.77±12.26) in the group with attempted suicide were lower than those without attempted suicide(22.05±16.08, 23.79±14.93)( t =-9.07, -12.11, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that both paternal attachment and maternal attachment were associated with lower rate of suicide attempts among middle school students(paternal attachment, OR=0.99, 95%CI = 0.98 -0.99; maternal attachment OR=0.97, 95%CI =0.96-0.98), with paternal attachment for girls only( OR=0.98, 95%CI= 0.97 -0.99)(P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescent parent attachment may be a protective factor for middle school students suicide attempts. Sex specific effects are observed in adolescent father attachment in girls. Parents should pay attention to cultivating a good attachment relationship with their children and promote the healthy growth of middle school students.
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Objective@#To examine the association between sexual orientation and high risk sexual behaviors and its sex differences among college students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for intervention and controlling of high risk sexual behaviors of the college students.@*Methods@#From November 2020 to May 2021, 1 920 college students among four universities in Hubei Province were recruited by multi stage stratified random cluster sampling, and their sexual orientation and the frequency of high risk sexual behaviors were investigated by a self designed questionnaire. And then analyzed the association between sexual orientation and high risk sexual behaviors and its sex differences by using Chi square test and Logistic regression analysis method.@*Results@#The prevalence of sexual behaviors was 18.2%, the prevalence of high risk sexual behaviors was 7.2%, and the prevalence of high risk sexual behaviors was higher among non heterosexuals(13.5%) than among heterosexuals (6.7%),the prevalence of high risk sexual behaviors was higher among males (9.2%) than among females(5.3%)，and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=9.40, 10.77, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the association between sexual orientation and high risk sexual behaviors was not statistically significant( OR=1.52, 95%CI=0.83-2.80, P >0.05). However, stratified analysis by sex revealed that among male students, the risk of high risk sexual behaviors was 3.57 times higher among non heterosexuals than among heterosexuals( OR= 3.57 , 95%CI=1.52-8.41, P <0.01), while among female students, the association between sexual orientation and high risk sexual behaviors was not statistically significant( OR=0.48, 95%CI=0.15-1.57, P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#There are sex differences in the relationship between sexual orientation and high risk sexual behaviors among college students. Male non-heterosexuals are at higher risk for high risk sexual behaviors than male heterosexuals. Therefore, prevention and interventions for high risk sexual behaviors among college students should focus on gay and bisexual men so as to reduce the occurance rate of their high risk sexual behaviors.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between different roles of school bullying and self consciousness among adolescents, and to provide a reference for school bullying prevention and control.@*Methods@#In Ezhou and Xiaogan, two cities selected randomly from Hubei Province, 4 336 middle school students randomly selected from Ezhou and Xiaogan City in Hubei Province by stratified cluster sampling method during March to October in 2017, were investigated for an anonymous questionnaire survey. The Chinese version of adolescent school violence questionnaire was used to evaluate the different roles in school bullying, and the Self Consciousness Scale(SCS) was used to assess the level of self awareness.@*Results@#About 18.9% of the respondents (819) were involved in bullying, among 86(2.0%) were pure perpetrators, 369 (8.5%) were pure victims, 364 (8.4%) were perpetrator victims. There were significant differences in public and private self awareness among different roles of campus bullying ( F=4.05, 2.90, P <0.05). The public self awareness score of perpetrator victims was higher than that of the uninvolved. The private self consciousness score of perpetrator victims was lower than that of the uninvolved ( P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed a negative correlation between private self awareness and perpetrator victims. Private self awareness might reduce the risk of teenagers becoming perpetrator victims ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.91-0.96). A positive correlation between public self awareness and perpetrator victims and public self awareness might increase the risk of adolescents becoming perpetrator victims ( OR=1.08, 95%CI = 1.06- 1.11).@*Conclusion@#Self awareness is related to different roles of school bullying, and higher public self awareness and lower private self awareness are important predictors of perpetrator victims of school bullying.
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Abstract@#According to the Healthy China Action Plan, Wuhan gives full play to the role of preventing and controlling student myopia by promoting student health. The primary focus is placed on education in schools, and Wuhan has integrated educational resources to develop a multi-level myopia prevention and control system and service network for school students. The network contains educational adminstrative, schools, families, and professional technical service organizations. By integrating multiple disciplines, Wuhan has built a comprehensive vision health management service system for all students. The Internet and cloud intelligent monitoring facilitated the establishment of a smart vision health management platform for students, which thoroughly and efficiently implemented myopia prevention and control to safeguard students visual health by engaging in education, monitoring, and supervision. The prevention and control of student myopia is a breakthrough for comprehensive healthy development of students. A comparison of the standard myopia rate in Wuhan in 2019 and 2018 revealed that the standard myopia rate at different learning stages of primary school, junior high school, and high school dropped by 3.31, 2.50, and 2.26 percentage points, respectively, and the rate of myopia in primary school was significantly lower than the national level. Post-epidemic surveys showed that the compliance rate and the awareness rate of the visual environment and visual behaviors of primary and secondary school students in Wuhan reached more than 80%, and prevalence of newly onset myopia or decreased vision was 30%, which was lower than the national average. The "Wuhan Model" provides an important referential framework for public health services for school students.
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Objective@#This study explored the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adolescent suicide provides a scientific basis for suicide prevention strategies.@*Methods@#A total of 16 271 middle and high school students from rural areas in Anhui, Guangdong, Yunnan, Heilongjiang and Hubei provinces were enrolled through multi stage stratified cluster random sampling. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on participants general information, childhood neglect, abuse, suicide ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts in the 12 months prior to the survey. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of childhood neglect and childhood maltreatment with suicide ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts.@*Results@#The number of suicide ideations, suicide plans and suicide attempts among rural adolescents were 2 453( 15.1 %), 1 164(7.2%) and 572(3.5%), respectively. The number of cases of childhood neglect, moderate physical abuse and severe physical abuse were 10 756(66.1%), 4 311(26.5%) and 703(4.3%), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that childhood neglect and abuse were significantly associated with suicide ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts( P <0.05). After controlling for age, gender, only children, parental education level, income, emotional management and social support, childhood neglect and abuse remained significantly correlated with suicide ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts( OR =1.62-5.14, P <0.05); the OR(OR 95%CI) for severe physical abuse were 3.00(2.49-3.62), 3.52(2.81-4.40),5.14(3.87-6.83) respectively.@*Conclusion@#Childhood neglect and abuse may increase the risk of suicide among adolescents in rural China, and effective measures should be taken to reduce childhood neglect and abuse and prevent suicide.
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Objective@#To re-evaluate the reliability and validity of the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), and to adapt to the further application to middle school students in rural China.@*Methods@#A stratified random cluster sampling method was applied to select 15 607 adolescents from grade 7th to grade 12th in 15 rural areas of 5 provinces(Anhui Province, Yunan Province, Guangdong Province, Hei Longjiang Province, Hubei Province), and they were recruited to complete our Questionnaires.@*Results@#The revised version (ASLEC-R) consisted of 5 dimensions (punishment, interpersonal relationship, academic pressure, loss and adaptation problem), 25 items after deleting items 5 and 17 through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, which could accounted for 55.22% of the total variance. The fit indices were RMSEA=0.06，GFI=0.91，CFI=0.88，TLI=0.86，NFI=0.88，AGFI=0.88，HOELTER 0.05=261. The Cronbach’s α and Spearman-Brown splithalf reliability coefficient of the whole scale were 0.92 and 0.87, respectively，and the test-retest reliability was 0.84. ASLEC-R had better reliability than the unrevised version. The results of five-joint item analyses showed that each item improved in terms of indiscrimination, relevance, contribution, homogeneity and sensitivity. The correlation coefficients with BWAQ and EI subscale were 0.38 and -0.36 respectively.@*Conclusion@#ASLEC-R has good reliability and validity , and it is worth being applied to the Chinese rural areas.
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The risk factors of high trait anger of juvenile offenders were explored through question naire study in a youth correctional facility of Hubei province,China.A total of 1090 juvenile offenders in Hubei province were investigated by self-compiled social-demographic questionnaire,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ),and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-Ⅱ (STAXI-Ⅱ).The risk factors were analyzed by chi-square tests,correlation analysis,and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS 19.0.A total of 1082 copies of valid questionnaires were collected.High trait anger group (n=316) was defined as those who scored in the upper 27th percentile of STAXI-Ⅱ trait anger scale (TAS),and the rest were defined as low trait anger group (n=766).The risk factors associated with high level of trait anger included:childhood emotional abuse,childhood sexual abuse,step family,frequent drug abuse,and frequent internet using (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Birth sequence,number of sibling,ranking in the family,identity of the main care-taker,the education level of care-taker,educational style of care-taker,family income,relationship between parents,social atmosphere of local area,frequent drinking,and frequent smoking did not predict to high level of trait anger (P＞0.05).It was suggested that traumatic experience in childhood and unhealthy life style may significantly increase the level of trait anger in adulthood.The risk factors of high trait anger and their effects should be taken into consideration seriously.
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The epidemic tendency of dental caries of school students over the past 15 years in China was analyzed in order to provide bases for prevention of dental caries.Data sets of boys and girls at the age of 7,9,12 years(deciduous caries)and 7,9,12,14,17 years(permanent caries)were collected from the series of Chinese National Surveillance on Students' Constitution and Health(CNSSCH)between 1991 to 2005,a survey that covers 30 provinces of and autonomous regions of China,with Tibet Autonomous Region and Taiwan Province excluded owing to unavailability of related data.According to their socioeconomic status,three urban regions and three rural regions(province capital must be included)were selected in each province,where its socioeconomic status and sports exercise can represent the general level of the locality.All subjects were Han students.Prevalence of deciduous and permanent caries was measured.In 2005,the prevalence of deciduous caries at 7,9,12 years was 52.87%,52.04% and 9.80% in urban boys,59.37%,58.68% and 12.18% in rural boys,and that of permanent caries in boys at 7,9,12,14,and 17 years was 2.35%,5.63%,13.94%,19.05% and 21.29% in urban boys,3.42%,7.26%,13.35%,16.16%,18.55% in rural boys,while in girls at the same age groups,the prevalence of deciduous caries was 53.53%,49.48%,7.92% in urban girls,59.95%,56.13%,8.85% in rural girls; the prevalence of permanent caries was 3.61%,8.99%,19.32%,24.75%,28.62% in urban girls,and 3.47%,10.65%,17.66%,22.52%,24.27% in rural girls.The epidemic manifested a gradient distribution in age groups,which was closely related to region of the study population.A dramatic decreasing trend was witnessed among all sex-age subgroups in the rural groups between 1990 and 2005,and such a trend was stronger in deciduous caries than in permanent caries,however,this kind of decreasing trend was not steady,because there was bounce during some year.Although the morbidity of dental caries in China is lower than the standard set by the World Health Organization,and the prevalence of dental caries decreased from 1991 to 2005,the prospect of epidemic dental caries in China is in no way optimistic.The total population with dental caries is still very large and the prevalence decreased unstably.Therefore,financial support on school oral health care should be increased,and a national school oral health service network should be set up.