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Objective To analyze the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)exposure and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)based on large sample data.Methods The RA patients(RA group)and non-RA patients(non-RA group)with complete data were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Survey Database in the United States(NHANES)(2005-2014).The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between 8 monohydroxylated(OH-)PAH metabolites in the urine and RA.Results A total of 357 RA patients and 5,256 non-RA participants were included.After adjusting the confounding factors by logistic analysis,the level of OH-PAHs mixture at the highest quartile(Q4)was associated with increased risk of RA compared with that at the lowest quartile(Q1) (OR =1.60,95 ％ CI:1.16 2.23).For a single kind of OH-PAHs,the Q4 levels of 1-hydroxynaphthalene (OR =1.59,95 ％ CI.1.14-2.23),2-hydroxynaphthalene (OR =1.66,95 ％ CI:1.19-2.32),2-hydroxyfluorene(OR =1.61,95 ％ CI:1.17-2.22),3-hydroxyfluorene(OR =1.64,95％ CI:1.18-2.27) and 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (OR =1.38,95 ％ CI:1.00-1.94) were all associated with significantly increased risk of RA compared with the Q1 level(all P＜0.05).However,the Q2 level of 1-hydroxypyrene(OR =0.60,95％ CI:0.43-0.83) was related to a decreased incidence of RA (P＜0.01).Conclusions OH-PAHs mixed exposure is a risk factor for RA.The association between the level of individual OH-PAH and the rate of RA is bidirectional and is depended on the type and concentration of OH-PAHs.
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Objective@#To analyze the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)exposure and rheumatoid arthritis(RA)based on large sample data.@*Methods@#The RA patients(RA group)and non-RA patients(non-RA group)with complete data were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Survey Database in the United States(NHANES)(2005—2014). The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between 8 monohydroxylated(OH-)PAH metabolites in the urine and RA.@*Results@#A total of 357 RA patients and 5, 256 non-RA participants were included.After adjusting the confounding factors by logistic analysis, the level of OH-PAHs mixture at the highest quartile(Q4)was associated with increased risk of RA compared with that at the lowest quartile(Q1)(OR=1.60, 95%CI: 1.16-2.23). For a single kind of OH-PAHs, the Q4 levels of 1-hydroxynaphthalene(OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.14-2.23), 2-hydroxynaphthalene(OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.19-2.32), 2-hydroxyfluorene(OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.17-2.22), 3-hydroxyfluorene(OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.18-2.27)and 1-hydroxyphenanthrene(OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.00-1.94)were all associated with significantly increased risk of RA compared with the Q1 level(all P<0.05). However, the Q2 level of 1-hydroxypyrene(OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.43-0.83)was related to a decreased incidence of RA(P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#OH-PAHs mixed exposure is a risk factor for RA.The association between the level of individual OH-PAH and the rate of RA is bidirectional and is depended on the type and concentration of OH-PAHs.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship of cytogenetic features, clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.@*METHODS@#The clinical characteristics and prognosis of 236 patients with MDS admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2013 to September 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, the follow-up observation and correlation analysis were performed.@*RESULTS@#There were 33 cases of refractory cytopenia with unilateral dysplasia (RCUD), 8 cases of refractory anemia with ring-shaped iron granulocytes (RARS), 70 cases of refractory cytopenia with multiple dysplasia (RCMD), 23 cases of refractory anemia (RA), 46 cases of refractory anemia with excessive blasts (RAEB-1), 48 cases of (RAEB-2), MDS-U 2 cases, simple del(5q) 6 cases. The detection analysis showed that the chromosome abnormality rate and complex chromosome abnormality rate in RAEB group (RAEB-1 + RAEB-2) and in non-RAEB group (RARS+RCMD+RCUD+RA) were 48.94% vs 43.94%, and 18.09% vs 12.69%, respectively, which were no statistically different. The grouping according to IPSS-R and IPSS showed that the chromosome abnormality rate gradually increased along with enhancement of risk stratifi-cation (P<0.05). The cytogenetic characteristics analysis showed that a total of 108 cases had chromosomal abnormalities, the detection rate was 45.76%, Out of 108 cases, 36 cases had complicated karyotypes, accounted for 15.25% of all patients. The types of chromosomal abnormalities mainly include numbers, structural abnormalities and mixed abnormalities. The chromosome abnormality with the highest detection rate was +8, accounted for 30.56% (33/100) of patients with chromosome abnormalities; followed by -7/7q-, del(5q), del(20q), etc. -7/7q-chromosome abnormalities accounted for 29.63% of all karyotypic abnormalities (including -7/7q-chromosome abnormalities alone and other chromosome abnormalities). The median age of the patients with MDS was 61 (13-88) years old, and the male-female ratio was 1.36∶1. Analysis of blood cell characteristics showed that the three lines were reduced or increased to varying degrees. The median WBC count was 2.8 (0.3-267.1)×10/L, the median Hb level was 69 (20-156) g/L, and the median Plt count was 55 (2-1733)×10/L. The 1 year OS rate in 32 cases of chromosome 7 abnormality and 128 cases of normal chromosome was 25% and 44.53%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (χ=4.05, P<0.05) .@*CONCLUSION@#Chromosome karyotype is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of patients with MDS. It is important for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evalnation of patients with MDS. The overall prognosis of patients with abnormal chromosome 7 is poor. .
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chromosome Aberrations , Cytogenetics , Karyotyping , Myelodysplastic Syndromes , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the metastatic risk factors of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with cervical carcinoma of stage Ia2 and IIa2.Methods The clinic opathologicparameters in 337 patients with stage Ia2 -IIa2 cervical carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed,and were studied the related factors of pelvic lymph node metastasis.Results The lymph nodes metastasis rate was 11.87%,with the obturator and internal iliaclymph nodes mostly involved.Multivariate analysis showed that the myometrial invasion,size of tumor,lymph -vascular space involvement and utero -tissue infiltration were major risk factors.The OR value and 95%CI were 3.464(1.502 -7.985)、4.316 (1.164 -7.833)、6.167 (2.592 -14.674)和 8.507(1.966 -36.808)respectively.Conclusion The myometrial invasion≥ 2 /3,size of tumor≥ 4 cm, lymph -vascular space involvement and utero -tissue infiltration positive lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer are easy to occur.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the genotype distribution of cytochrome CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 in Han and Mongolian Chinese population and the allele and genotype frequency are compared between the Han and Mongolian. METHODS: CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 of Han and Mongolian Chinese population were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The allele frequencies of CYP3A4 * 5 in Han and Mongolian are 0, the allele frequencies of CYP3A4 * 18 in Han and Mongolian are 0.1838, 0.2025. The allele frequencies of CYP2C9 * 2 in Han and Mongolian are 0.0110, 0.0253; the allele frequencies of CYP2C9 * 13 in Han and Mongolian are 0, 0.003 2.The allele frequencies of CYP2C19 * 2 in Han and Mongolian are 0.386 0, 0.4146, the allele frequencies of CYP2C19 * 3 are 0.0515, 0.0443. The allele frequencies of CYP2D6 * 10 in Han and Mongolian are 0.5735, 0.4652. CONCLUSION: The study shows that there are no significant ethnic differences in the distribution of CYP3A4 * 18, CYP2C19 * 2, CYP2C19 * 3, CYP2D6 * 10 genotypes in Han and Mongolian. The CYP3A4 * 5 genotype is not found in this study and only one CYP2C9 * 1/* 13 genotype is found in Mongolian. For CYP2C9 * 2, the Mongolian is significantly lower than the Han, (P=0.023).
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The genome of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) includes sequences encoding the putative protein X4 (ORF8, ORF7a), consisting of 122 amino acids. The deduced sequence contains a probable cleaved signal peptide sequence and a C-terminal transmembrane helix, indicating that protein X4 is likely to be a type I membrane protein. This study was conducted to demonstrate whether the protein X4 was expressed and its essential function in the process of SARS-CoV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein X4-expressing plasmids were constructed. Recombinant soluble protein X4 was purified from E. coli using ion exchange chromatography, and the preparation was injected into chicken for rising specific polyclonal antibodies. The expression of protein X4 in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells and lung tissues from patients with SARS was performed using immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemistry technique. The preliminary function of protein X4 was evaluated by treatment with and over-expression of protein X4 in cell lines. Western blot was employed to evaluate the expression of protein X4 in SARS-CoV particles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We expressed and purified soluble recombinant protein X4 from E.coli, and generated specific antibodies against protein X4. Western blot proved that the protein X4 was not assembled in the SARS-CoV particles. Indirect immunofluorescence assays revealed that the expression of protein X4 was detected at 8 hours after infection in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells. It was also detected in the lung tissues from patients with SARS. Treatment with and overexpression of protein X4 inhibited the growth of Balb/c 3T3 cells as determined by cell counting and MTT assays.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results provide the evidence of protein X4 expression following SARS-CoV infection, and may facilitate further investigation of the immunopathological mechanism of SARS.</p>
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Amino Acid Sequence , BALB 3T3 Cells , Chlorocebus aethiops , Growth Inhibitors , Physiology , HeLa Cells , Immunohistochemistry , Lung , Chemistry , Molecular Sequence Data , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Chemistry , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Metabolism , Vero Cells , Viral Structural Proteins , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a newly emerging virus that gives rise to SARS patients with high rates of infectivity and fatality. To study the humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV, the authors evaluated IgG and IgM specific antibodies in patients' sera.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), were used to detect specific serum IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV in 98 SARS patients and 250 controls consisting of patients with pneumonia, health-care professionals and healthy subjects. The serum antibody profiles were investigated at different times over one and a half years in 18 of the SARS patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for detecting IgG against SARS-CoV were 100.0% and 97.2% and for IgM 89.8% and 97.6% respectively; the figures using IFA for IgG were 100.0% and 100.0% and for IgM 81.8% and 100.0% respectively. During the first seven days of the antibodies trace test, no IgG and IgM were detected, but on day 15, IgG response increased dramatically, reaching a peak on day 60, remaining high up to day 180 and decreasing gradually until day 540. On day 15, IgM was detected, rapidly reached a peak, then declined gradually until day 180 when IgM was undetectable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The detection of antibodies against SARS virus is helpful in the clinical diagnosis of SARS.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Viral , Blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immunoglobulin G , Blood , Immunoglobulin M , Blood , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Allergy and Immunology , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Allergy and Immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) was recently identified as a novel cytokine. The full-length CKLF1 cDNA contains 530 bp encoding 99 amino acid residues with a CC motif similar to that of other CC family chemokines. Recombinant CKLF1 exhibits chemotactic activity on leucocytes and stimulates proliferation of murine skeletal muscle cells. We questioned whether CKLF1 could be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation and proliferation in the lung. Therefore we used efficient in vivo gene delivery method to investigate the biological effect of CKLF1 in the murine lung.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CKLF1-expressing plasmid, pCDI-CKLF1, was constructed and injected into the skeletal muscles followed by electroporation. Lung tissues were obtained at the end of week 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively after injection. The pathological changes in the lungs were observed by light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A single intramuscular injection of CKLF1 plasmid DNA into BALB/c mice caused dramatic pathological changes in the lungs of treated mice. These changes included peribronchial leukocyte infiltration, epithelial shedding, collagen deposition, proliferation of bronchial smooth muscle cells and fibrosis of the lung.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The sustained morphological abnormalities of the bronchial and bronchiolar wall, the acute pneumonitis and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis induced by CKLF1 were similar to phenomena observed in chronic persistent asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome. These data suggest that CKLF1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of these important diseases and the study also implies that gene electro-transfer in vivo could serve as a valuable approach for evaluating the function of a novel gene in animals.</p>
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Base Sequence , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid , Cell Biology , Cell Movement , Chemokines , Genetics , Physiology , Electroporation , Lung , Pathology , MARVEL Domain-Containing Proteins , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Molecular Sequence Data , Plasmids , Pulmonary FibrosisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a methotrexate (MTX)-resistant choriocarcinoma cell line and to determine its biologic characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTX-resistant cell line (JAR/MTX) was derived from human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR by exposed to intermittently and progressively increasing concentration of MTX. Drug sensitivity was detected by MTT; P-gp GST-Pi and PCNA expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) with PI/Annexin V stain. Growth rates and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) production were also measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>JAR/MTX cell line was established with stable MTX-resistance (resistance index to MTX was 7.3) and cross-resistant to TAX and VCR. Growthrate of JAR/MTX was lower than that of parent cell line JAR. Expression level of PCNA in JAR/MTX was lower than that in JAR (3.09+/-0.42 compared with 3.72+/-0.35, P<0.05), while GST-pi expression was higher. No statistical difference of P-gp expression existed between two cell lines. JAR/MTX secreted more HCG than JAR every 10(5) cells secreted (95.7+/-5.4 compared with 41.3+/-2.8)mIU after 48 h(P<0.01). The flow cytometry showed that the spontaneous and MTX induced apoptosis in JAR/MTX was significantly lower than that in JAR P<0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>JAR/MTX cell line presented stable resistant to MTX and cross-resistant to TAX and VCR, which might sever as a model in study of drug resistance in choriocarcinoma.</p>