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Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of Isodon flavidus. Methods: All compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by analysis on the physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results: Nine compounds were obtained from the Miao medicine I. flavidus and respectively elucidated as lophanic acid (1), isopimara-7,15-dien-19-oic acid (2), isopimara-7,15-dien-3β-ol (3), rubesanolide D (4), ursolic acid (5), β-sitosterol (6), oleanolic acid (7), 2α,3α-dihydroxy-12-ene-28-oic acid (8), and sesamin (9). Conclusion: Compounds 1-5 and 8-9 are isolated from this plant for the first time, compound 3 is isolated from the plants of Rabdosia (BL.) Hassk for the first time.
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Cardiac arrest during upper abdominal surgery such as liver transplantation is a rare but very severe complication. Traditional external cardiac compression has been the mainstay of basic life support in general circumstances. Subdiaphragmatic cardiac compression (SDCC), with no incision in the diaphragm, may be a more effective measure. This maneuver can provide more effective and timely cardiac compression via the already open abdomen in surgery and not add extra trauma. This method can provide a quicker and more effective means of circulation support for intraoperative cardiac arrest patients without adding new injuries. Five cases are reported and all the patients had return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). This is the first report of the SDCC method.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Methods , Heart Arrest , Therapeutics , Liver TransplantationABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of four cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) methods on lung ventilation of pigs with respiratory arrest. The four CPR methods included chest compression CPR (C-CPR), compression under the diaphragm CPR (D-CPR), abdominal compression CPR (A-CPR), and abdominal wall lifting and compression CPR (L-CPR). Methods A total of 28 healthy domestic pigs were randomly divided into four groups. The pig respiratory arrest model was reproduced by intravenous injection of suxamethonium. Instantly after respiratory arrest, one of the 4 CPR methods was performed immediately on the groups of pigs respectively. After 2min of CPR, compression was stopped. The experimental pigs were given assisted respiration using a ventilator until autonomous respiration recovered. The tidal volume (VT) in basic status and that during resuscitation by the four respective resuscitation methods was determined, and minute ventilation (MV) was calculated. Furthermore, heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure, and recovery time of autonomous respiration were compared between all the groups. Results In basic status, there was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in VT and MV between the four groups. Approximately 2min after resuscitation, the VT and MV of D-CPR were higher than that of C-CPR; that of A-CPR was higher than that of D-CPR; and that of L-CPR was higher than that of A-CPR. The differences were statistically significant (P0.05). HR in C-CPR and D-CPR were notably lower than the basic value (P<0.01). Two minutes after resuscitation, mechanical ventilation was given, and HR in all the groups was close to the basic value 5 min after resuscitation. In the respiratory arrest pig model, L-CPR could provide more effective VT and MV than the other methods. Conclusion For the porcine respiratory arrest model, L-CPR can provide more effective lung ventilation than the other methods.
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Objective Toobserve the effect of xuebijing on T lymphocyte function in patiens with acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).Method IL-2 of T lymphocytes in patients with COPD were determined with the method of enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay kits (ELISA);the activation markers CD25 were analyzed by flow cytomery;proliferation assays of T lymphocytes were determined by MTT assay.Results In COPD patients,IL-2 levels,the activation markers CD25,the proliferation assays were significantly lower than those of normal control group (P
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the effects of zinc on hippocampal cholecystokinin (CCK) positive neurons and learning and memory ability of lead-exposed rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into control group, lead-exposed group (drunk 6.15 mmol/L of lead solution) and lead-zinc group (drunk 6.15 mmol/L of lead + 3.10 mmol/L of ZnSO(4) solution) randomly. Y-maze test was used to study learning and memory ability in rats; Atomic absorption method was used to determine serum and hippocampal lead content; ABC immunohistochemistry and quantitative graphic analysis were used to investigate the changes of CCK positive neurons in different hippocampal subfields in lead-exposed rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The learning and memory ability in lead-exposed rats were significantly lower (P < 0.05) while the serum and hippocampal lead content in lead-exposed rat were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in control and lead-zinc group. The number and optical density of CCK positive neurons in CA(1) and CA(3) areas of lead-exposed rats were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those in control and lead-zinc group. No differences in these indexes between the control and lead-zinc group were found (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lead may damage the learning and memory ability and affect the number of CCK positive neurons in lead-exposed rats. Zinc might play an important role in preventing lead-induced damages.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cholecystokinin , Metabolism , Hippocampus , Metabolism , Lead , Toxicity , Maze Learning , Memory , Neurons , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Zinc , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of taurine on lead-induced damage to the ability of learning and memory.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using NADPH-d histochemistry method to study the change of rat NOS positive neurons in hippocampus. Rats in experimental groups were fed with different doses of lead in drinking water (0.011, 0.110 g/L), and different doses of taurine (5, 10 g/kg).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Taurine (10 g/kg) could increase the number of NOS positive neurons in CA1 and dentate gyrus subregion in hippocampus of rats exposed to lead. The number of NADPH-d positive neurons in CA1 and dentate gyrus subregion for low lead (0.011 g/L) and high taurine (10 g/kg) group (51.80 +/- 4.68, 47.40 +/- 4.20, respectively) were higher than those in the low lead (0.011 g/L) group (41.20 +/- 5.32, 39.87 +/- 3.81, respectively, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Taurine may antagonize lead-induced damage to the ability of learning and memory.</p>