Relationship between the inserting sites of Fu's subcutaneous needling and traditional acupoints: revelation to acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

Focusing on the phenomenon of "de-acupoints" of the needle insertion sites in Fu's subcutaneous needling (FSN), the authors allocated the evolution and characteristics of the needle insertion sites of FSN. From six aspects, named morphology and structure, location, nomenclature, numbers and meridian tropism, indications and acupuncture manipulations, the comparison was made between the insertion sites of FSN and traditional acupoints. It is believed: ①The needle insertion sites of FSN has the basic attributes of acupoint, which not only refers to the operation site, but also indicates the reaction of disease; moreover, it is the treatment site with significant therapeutic effect. ②The optimized sites of insertion in FSN should be named differently and their locations and numbers should be specified relatively. ③The insertion sites of FSN should be further intersected and integrated with traditional acupoints, and a part of traditional acupoints should become the insertion sites of FSN. ④Accepting and integrating the insertion sites of FSN, and expanding the scope of traditional acupoints may be the new project in the research of traditional acupoints.

Tongqiao Huoxuetang Improves Neurological Deficits in CIRI Rats by Regulating Glu-Gln Circulation to Reduce Glutamate Excitotoxicity of Astrocytes / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe and compare the protective effects of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction （TQHX） prepared by three methods against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury （CIRI）， and to explore its mechanism through the glutamate （Glu） metabolic pathway in astrocytes. Method:The male SD rats of SPF grade were subjected to CIRI model induction by the modified middle cerebral artery occlusion method. The model rats were randomly divided into a model group， a sham operation group， and water-decocted， wine-decocted， and alcohol-extracted TQHX （6.3 g·kg^-1·d^-1） groups. The rats were treated correspondingly for 7 days. Those in the sham operation group and the model group were treated with an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. After the final treatment， the neurological function of rats was assessed by the modified neurological severity score （mNSS）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the morphological changes of ischemic brain tissues in rats. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to detect glutamate （Glu） in ischemic brain tissues. The expression of glutamate transporter-1 （GLT-1） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and co-expression of glutamine synthetase （GS） and GFAP in ischemic brain tissues were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of GFAP， GLT-1， and GS. Result:Compared with the sham operation group， the model group showed increased mNSS （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， large necrosis of cerebral cortex in ischemic brain tissues with disordered cell arrangement， obscure boundary， intracellular edema， and inflammatory infiltration， elevated Glu in ischemic brain tissues （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， declining GLT-1-GFAP co-expression and GS-GFAP co-expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， up-regulated expression of GFAP protein， and reduced protein expression of GLT-1 and GS（<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. Compared with the model group， the TQHX groups showed decreased mNSS （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）， relieved injury in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal nerve cells in ischemic brain tissues， reduced Glu expression（<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）， elevated co-expression of GLT-1 and GFAP （<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）， and up-regulated protein expression of GFAP and GLT-1（<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. The co-expression of GS and GFAP （<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）and the expression of GS （<italic>P<</italic>0.01）were increased in the wine-decocted and alcohol-extracted TQHX groups. Compared with the water-decocted TQHX group， the alcohol-extracted group showed increased GLT-1-GFAP and GS-GFAP co-expression（<italic>P<</italic>0.05）； the wine-decocted and alcohol-extracted TQHX groups exhibited elevated GS protein expression （<italic>P<</italic>0.05）； the alcohol-extracted TQHX group displayed declining Glu content （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and increased protein expression of GFAP and GLT-1 （<italic>P<</italic>0.05， <italic>P<</italic>0.01）. Compared with the wine-decocted TQHX group， the alcohol-extracted TQHX group showed increased protein expression of GFAP and GLT-1（<italic>P<</italic>0.05，<italic>P<</italic>0.01）. Conclusion:TQHX prepared by three methods can improve neurological deficits in CIRI rats. The effect is presumedly achieved by promoting the further activation of astrocytes， increasing the expression of GLT-1 and GS， promoting the clearance of Glu accumulated in the synaptic cleft by astrocytes through the Glu-glutamine （Gln） circulation， and reducing the excitotoxicity of Glu. The alcohol-extracted TQHX group was superior to the water-decocted and wine-decocted TQHX groups in reducing the content of Glu in ischemic brain tissues， promoting the activation of astrocytes， and enhancing the protein expression of GLT-1 and GS.

Therapeutic observation on horizontal penetration needling for residual dizziness after repositioning maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of horizontal penetration needling at vertigo auditory area and balance area on residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).@*METHODS@#Sixty-six patients with residual dizziness after successful repositioning maneuver for BPPV were randomly divided into an observation group (34 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped off). The patients in the observation group were treated with horizontal penetration needling at vertigo auditory area and balance area, once every other day; three times were taken as a course of treatment, and two courses of treatment were given. The patients in the control group received no acupuncture and medication. The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were observed before treatment and after 1 and 2 courses of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Except for the emotional score of DHI in the control group after 1 course of treatment, the sub item scores and total scores of DHI and VAS scores in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Whether acupuncture or not, residual dizziness after repositioning maneuver for BPPV can be relieved within 2 weeks; horizontal penetration needling at vertigo auditory area and balance area could improve dizziness symptoms and shorten the course of disease.

DETERMINATION OF TOTAL BODY FAT BY WATER DISPLACEMENT METHOD / 营养学报

Body fat of 12 male adults were measured by water displacement me-thod(density method) at every morning for 5 successive days. The standard deviation of single observation was 0.29kg calculated by mean residual lung volume method. It was significantly lower than the value (0.5kg) calculated by the ordinary method (p