ABSTRACT
Subcutaneous implantation of benign thyroid tissue is a rare complication of thyroid surgery. Here the authors report two cases of subcutaneous implantation of benign thyroid tissue following conventional thyroid surgery. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cervical subcutaneous thyroid tissue implantation, and their clinical pathological characteristics are retrospectively investigated. The mechanism of the implantation process is analyzed. The management of patient with cervical subcutaneous soft tissue implantation is also discussed.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Postoperative Complications , Thyroid Gland , Pathology , General Surgery , ThyroidectomyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder.</p><p><b>DESIGN</b>A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an electronic version of the Chinese SF-36, was conducted. According to generated random numbers, interviewees were asked to fill out either the electronic version or the paper version first. The second version was filled in after a pause of at least 10 min.</p><p><b>SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS</b>One group of 100 medical students at the School of Medicine of Zhejiang University and the other group of 50 outpatients at a clinic for general practice in Hangzhou City (China) were eventually recruited in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The acceptance of the electronic version was good (60% of medical students and 84% of outpatients preferred the electronic version). At the level of eight-scale scores, the mean-difference for each scale (except for general health) between the two versions was less than 5%. At the level of 36 questions, the percentage of "exact agreement" ranged within 64%-99%; the percentage of "global agreement" ranged within 72%-99%; 77% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "good/excellent agreement" and 23% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "medium agreement".</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study, for the first time, can provide empirical basis for the confirmation of the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of the Chinese SF-36 and may provide an impulse towards widespread deployment of the Quality-of-Life-Recorder in Chinese populations.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China , Cross-Over Studies , Electronics , Health Surveys , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and to explore the feasible model of 100% condom use programme (100%CUP) under existing policy and law milieu, so as to provide information for the adjustment of HIV/AIDS policy and intervention strategies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Information on knowledge, attitude and behavior of female sex workers (FSWs) in entertainment establishments were collected and followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis including: samples tested for Chlamydia; a repeated cross-investigation and the final evaluation on the effect of the programme.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The reported rate of condom use at the last sex activity with clients increased from 74.9% to 92.2% while the rate of sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalence droped from 25.1% to 14.1% after three year's intervention program. The number of condoms distributed increased from 50,000 per quarter of a year in 2001 to over 100,000 in 2003. The rates of awareness on the knowledge of STD/AIDS prevention increased obviously.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 100%CUP was proved to be feasible and effective in the pilot site, and should be expanded in entertainment establishments.</p>