ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the expression of annexin A10 (ANXA10) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and analyze its correlation with matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),thus to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and assessment of HCC.Methods 88 HCC patients were selected,and they were all performed surgical treatment,HCC stage Ⅰ in 11 cases,stage Ⅱ 25 cases,stage Ⅲ 31 cases,stage ⅣV 21 cases.The expressions of ANXA10,MMP-9,VEGF of HCC cancer tissues,adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues were tested by immunohistochemical method.The correlation of ANXA10 with VEGF and MMP-9 was analyzed.Results The absorbance value of ANXA10 expression in the HCC cancer tissue was (0.074 ± 0.012),which was lower than that in the adjacent liver tissues [(0.091 ± 0.013)] and normal liver tissues[(0.131 ±0.025)],and ANXA10 expression of the adjacent liver tissue was lower than that of the normal liver tissues,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.96,9.44,8.71,all P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF expression in the HCC cancer tissue were (0.147 ± 0.017) and (0.127 ± 0.028),respectively,which were higher than those in the adjacent liver tissues [(0.096 ± 0.012),(0.091 ± 0.015)] and normal liver tissues [(0.075 ± 0.014),(0.077 ± 0.019)].The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF of the adjacent liver tissues were higher than those of the normal liver tissues,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.05,9.30,8.11;8.28,9.51,8.02,all P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance value of ANXA 10 expression in the HCC stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ cancer tissue was (0.056 ± 0.010),which was lower than that in the stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ cancer tissue [(0.082 ±0.016)],the difference was statistically significant (t =8.90,P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF expression in the stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ cancer tissue were (0.157 ± 0.022) and (0.169 ± 0.033),respectively,which were higher than those in the stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ cancer tissue [(0.114 ±0.015),(0.091 ±0.021)],the differences were statistically significant (t =9.13,9.72,all P ＜ 0.05).ANXA10 was correlated with MMP-9 and VEGF (r =0.324,0.295,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ANXA10 presents lower expression in HCC cell,and the expression decreased with the increase of staging.It is negatively related with the MMP-9 and VEGF.ANXA10 expression missing or inactivation of malignant change may be one of the most important features in HCC.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:The best repair method for proximal humeral fractures remains controversial at present. Although different techniques have been described for proximal humerus fractures, al these techniques have high postoperative complications, such as cut-out or back-out of the screws, nonunion, and subacromial impingement. Given the shortcomings of conventional plate fixation system, we had designed a new type of proximal humeral wing-shape anatomical plate for the repair of proximal humeral fractures. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical outcomes and complications of proximal humeral wing-shape anatomical plate fixation for proximal humerus fractures. METHODS:A total of 60 patients with proximal humerus fractures who underwent proximal humeral wing-shape anatomical plate fixation from September 2012 to September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. According to Neer classification system, 24, 31 and 5 patients had 2-part, 3-part, and 4-part fractures, respectively. Functional evaluation of the shoulder was done using Constant-Murley score and Visual Analogue Scale was utilized for assessing the degree of shoulder pain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al 60 patients were fol owed up for 12-24 months after fixation, and obtained bone healing. The healing time was 15.3±2.7 weeks (range 12-20 weeks). At the final fol ow-up, the Constant-Murley score was 81.5±14.6 (range 45-98). The mean Visual Analogue Scale score was 0.9 ± 0.9 points (range 0-7 points). During the fol ow-up, the overal rate of complications was 18%in 11 cases of 60 cases, including intraarticular screw penetration in 3 patients (5%), back-out of the screws in 1 patient (2%), varus malunion in 5 (8%) patients (containing 2 cases combined with screw penetration), humeral head necrosis in 2 patients (3%), subacromial impingement in 1 patient (2%) and superficial infection of incision in 1 patient (2%). No cases of avascular necrosis or hardware failure were noted. Above data suggested that self-made new-type proximal humeral wing-shape anatomical plate fixation for repairing proximal humerus fractures can obtain satisfactory outcomes, effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative subacromial impingement, is helpful to the recovery of shoulder function, and deserves to be further used.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:To construct a normal animal model of femoral head necrosis contributes to the research of the pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis, which can provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of femoral head necrosis. OBJECTIVE:To research the experimental effect of lipopolysaccharide combined with dexamethasone injection in the induction of rabbit femoral head necrosis. METHODS:Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group (n=21) and control group (n=15). The rabbits in the model group were injected with 10μg/kg lipopolysaccharide daily and continuous for 2 days, and then injected with 25 mg/kg dexamethasone daily for 3 days continuously. The rabbits in the control group were injected with the normal saline at the same volume. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 4 weeks, the X-ray film of the rabbit in the model group showed the joint gaps were widened, the density was increased, the articular subchondral bone mineral density was increased, the femoral head was flat, trabecular bone was fuzzy, the boundaries between subchondral bone and cancel ous bone was unclear, and the patchy high-density areas were observed in the femoral head with shortened femoral neck. The bone mineral density of partial femoral head was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and found that the bone mineral density of femoral head and the bone mineral content of the model group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Histological section observation showed that the bone cel lacuna was empty and shal ow, fat cel s were increased and vascular thrombosis was observed, meanwhile, the osteonecrosis rate and lacunae rate of the survival animals were significantly higher than those in the control group. Dexamethasone combined with lipopolysaccharide can effectively construct the model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:There are various methods for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head, but there is no satisfactory method to promote the repair of osteonecrosis of femoral head. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head has achieved certain effect. OBJECTIVE:To review the application progress and problems of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head. METHODS:A computer-based online search was performed in PubMed database, Wanfang database and CNKI database for the related articles from 1999 to 2012. The articles on the isolation, culture, differentiation, labeling and in vivo tracing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were selected, as wel as the basic and clinical researches on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head. A total of 39 articles were included for review. RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:At present, the method for the isolation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s includes adherence screening method, density gradient centrifugation, flow cytometry separation and magnetic activated cel sorting method;the commonly used method for cel labeling and tracing includes isotope tracing method, antigen labeling method, antigen labeling, fluorescent labeling and MRI contrast enhancer labeling method. The method for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s includes pith dril ing decompression combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel injection and transplantation, intervention plus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation, gene transfection combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation and tissue engineering technology of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. Although, the research on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head has achieved great progress, there are stil problems needed to be further solved.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Animal death is a main influential factor for experimental results in establishment of animal models of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head. OBJECTIVE:To observe models of femoral head necrosis established using lipopolysaccharide and dexamethasone so as to elevate success rate of model induction. METHODS:A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were equal y and randomly divided into model group, gentamicin group, gentamicin+lansoprazole group and control group. The first three groups were injected with lipopolysaccharide for 2 consecutive days via the ear vein, and then they were injected with dexamethasone via intramuscular injection in the buttocks for 3 consecutive days to establish models of femoral head necrosis. The rabbits of gentamicin group, gentamicin+lansoprazole group were intragastrical y administered gentamicin for 7 consecutive days after success model induction. Simultaneously, gentamicin+lansoprazole group received intramuscular injection with lansoprazole. Rabbits in the control group were only injected with saline. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Models were successful y established in the model, gentamicin, gentamicin+lansoprazole groups. Their conditions were best in the gentamicin+lansoprazole group. Mortalities in above-mentioned groups were 33.3%, 25%and 8.3%, respectively. Significant differences in the number of dead rabbits were detected in the model, gentamicin, gentamicin+lansoprazole and control groups (P<0.05). Results indicated that the combined use of gentamicin and lansoprazole can elevate survival rate of experimental animals during the establishment of rabbit models of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head.