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Objective:To study the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms in the ocular fluid of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and infectious uveitis.Methods:It was a retrospective case analysis. From June 2018 to December 2019, 31 AIDS patients with infectious uveitis who were hospitalized or outpatient at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center were included in the study. Among them, there were 30 males and 1 female; the average age was 38.51±11.17 years. There were 20 cases of panuveitis, 10 cases of posterior uveitis, and 1 case of infectious endophthalmitis. Serum CD4 +T lymphocyte count (CD4 +TC) were 0 - 239/μl during the same period. The second-generation gene sequencing technology was used to detect the collected intraocular fluid. Among 31 specimens, aqueous humor and vitreous humor were 27 and 4 respectively. Results:Among 31 specimens, 18 samples (58.1%, 18/31) of cytomegalovirus (CMV) were detected; varicella-zoster virus (VZV) were detected in 5 samples (16.1%, 5/31); Epstein-Barr virus were detected in 9 samples (29.0%, 9/31); human beta herpes virus type 6 (HHV6) were detected in 3 samples (9.7%, 3/31), human papillary molluscum virus (HPV), human polyoma virus, type G hepatitis virus were separately detected in 1 sample (3.2%, 1/31), all coexisting with other microorganisms. Parvovirus were detedcted in 8 samples (25.8%, 8/31); treponema pallidum were detedcted in 5 samples (16.1%, 5/31); toxoplasma gondii and Harmon coccidia were detedcted in 1 sample (3.2%, 1/31); synitelium Polycarpum were detedcted in 1 sample (3.2%, 1/31); mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, fungi, and microbacteria coexist were detedcted in 1 sample (3.2%, 1/31). Among the 18 CMV specimens, the number of gene sequences was more than 1059 (50.0%), and 104-1055 (27.7%). Among the 5 specimens of VZV, the number of gene sequences was>1044 (80.0%). In one specimen, the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, fungi, and microbacteria coexist, and the number of gene sequences were all <100. The number of gene sequences of HHV6, HPV, human polyoma virus, type G virus, and parvovirus in all specimens was small. Among 31 specimens, 15 (48.4%) of pathogenic microorganisms were detected at least 2 species.Conclusions:CMV and VZV are the main pathogenic microorganisms of infective uveitis in patients with serum CD4 +TC <100/μl; treponema pallidum, toxoplasma gondii or other protozoa, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and fungi cause more infectious uveitis which are common in AIDS patients with serum CD4 +TC >100/μl. The coexistence of two or more microorganisms can be detected in the intraocular fluid of AIDS patients with infectious uveitis.
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Objective:To evaluate the treatment effect of hemoperfusion(HP) on Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura(HSP) outcomes.Methods:PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of science, Wanfang database, CNKI and CBM database were searched from inception to February 2020.Literatures of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that investigated the effect of HP on HSP outcomes were included.Articles screening, data extraction and quality assessment were accomplished by two investigators independently, and statistical analyses were performed by RevMan 5.3.Results:Thirteen RCTs were included with 803 cases, of which, 397 cases were in the HP group while 406 cases were in the control group.The Meta-analysis revealed the HP group had less disappearing time of hematuresis or albuminuria[ MD=-2.77, 95% CI(-3.18, -2.36), P<0.001], relieving time of abdominal pain[ MD=-1.70, 95% CI(-2.17, -1.23), P<0.001], disappearing time of hematochezia[ MD=-1.54, 95% CI(-1.68, -1.40), P<0.001], and the length of hospital stay[ MD=-3.23, 95% CI(-3.60, -2.87), P<0.001] than the control group. Conclusion:The HP could shorten disappearing time of hematuresis or albuminuria, relieving time of abdominal pain, disappearing time of hematochezia, and the length of hospital stay of HSP.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify secondary mutations associated with deafness in a Chinese family affected with deafness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The family has been subjected to clinical and molecular analyses, in addition with measurement of reactive oxygen species and doubling time after establishment of immortalized lymphocyte cell lines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that the hearing loss level and audiometric configuration were discrepant among the family members with maternally transmitted hearing loss. The penetrance of hearing loss in this family was respectively 66.7% and 44.4% when aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss was included or excluded. Analysis of whole mitochondrial genome has found 33 variants as previously reported polymorphisms, except for a 12s rRNA A1555G mutation and a tRNA(Thr)T15943C mutation. Haplotype evolutionary tree has verified that this family belonged to East-Asian haplogroup F. 15943 position was located on the T-stem of the tRNA(Thr), which has destroyed the extremely conserved T-A base pair when T changed to C at this position. However, functional experiments indicated that the population doubling time in special galactose and glucose were longer, whilst the level of reactive oxygen species has increased. Compared with the control cell line groups and a family only carrying the 12s rRNA A1555G mutation, all of the three groups belonged to the same haplogroup.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mitochondrial tRNA(Thr)T15943C mutation may act as a potential modifying factor and interact with 12s rRNA A1555G mutation, and thereby enhance the penetrance and expression of deafness.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Asian People , Genetics , Base Sequence , China , DNA, Mitochondrial , Genetics , Deafness , Genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Pedigree , Phenotype , Point Mutation , RNA, Ribosomal , Genetics , RNA, Transfer, Thr , GeneticsABSTRACT
Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed in 419 first-degree relatives(FDRs)of type 1 diabetes mellitus. GADA, IA-2A, and IAA were determined by radioligand assay, and the positive rates were 7.16%, 1.43%, and 1.26%, respectively. Intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTT)and nateglinide-OGTT were performed in 39 controls, 11 first-degree relatives with positive autoantibody(Ab+group), 14 ones with negative autoantibody(Ab-group)during 5-7 days.The first-phase insulin release(FPIR), area under insulin release during 0-10 min [AUC0-10] of IVGTT and the value of(ΔI30/ΔG30)of nateglinide-OGTT in Ab+group were lower than those of control and(2.75±0.37 vs 3.61±1.05)mU/mmol, all P＜0.05]. The 1st min insulin release in Ab+group was lower than that of Ab-group [(3.80±0.30 vs 4.52±0.70)mU/L, P＜0.05]. The HOMA-IR was higher in Ab-group than that in control group(2.92±1.04 vs 1.96±1.22, P＜0.05). The results suggest that the positivity rates of autoantibodies in FDRs of type 1 diabetes mellitus are very close to those of Caucasian. There exist insulin secretion defects in FDRs with positive autoantibody while insulin resistance in FDRs with negative autoantibody.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and clinical features of fulminant type 1 diabetes.Methods Using data retrieved from Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,all patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes from Jan.1,2001 to Dec.31,2007 were identified.The patients were divided into fulminant type 1 diabetes (F1D) group,typical type 1 diabetes (T1A) group,and idiopathic type 1 diabetes(T1B) group.Their clinical features were compared.Results Eight patients (9.1%) fulfilled the criteria for fulminant type 1 diabetes among 87 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes,and the percentage of fulminant type 1 diabetes reached 14.0% among type 1 diabetic patients with age of onset of 18 years or older.Patients of F1D group had a markedly higher plasma glucose concentration compared with patients of T1A group and T1B group(P=0.004).Serum amylase was higher in F1D group than that in T1A group(P = 0.021).Four (50%) patients were GADA positive,among whom 1 patient was Coxsackie B virus (CVB) IgM positive and 1 patient was Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV1) IgM positive.Conclusions Fulminant type 1 diabetes accounts for about 10% of the type 1 diabetes in the Chinese individuals with ketosis-or ketoacidosis-onset.Patients with this subset of diabetes had severe metabolic derangement.Viral infection and autoimmunity may be involved in the pathogenesis of fulminant type 1 diabetes.
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Objective To establish a continuous flow analytical method for determination of potassium in environmental water sample.Methods The concentration of patassium in environmental water sample was determined by ALLIANCE auto-matic analyzer,and its data were compared with the data obtained from atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Results The de-tection limit of this method was0.5?g /ml.The method revealed linear relationship at the potassium concentrations of5-1000?g /ml.The recovery rate of standard addition method ranged from to97%to102%.The relative standard deviations were0.82%-1.23%.Conclusion The contents of potassium in environmental water samples could be accurately and rapidly deter-mined by continuous flow analysis.