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Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the monitoring data of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases, and to describe the main characteristics of the diseases. Results Average annual reported incidence was 227.64/100 000, accounting for 36.24% of the total reports and deaths of notifiable infectious diseases. Class B and C respiratory infectious diseases showed a downward and upward trend respectively. The epidemic trend and risk population of the six major infectious diseases were different. Conclusions The incidence and mortality of legal respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing increases year by year due to the sharp increase of influenza from 2015 to 2018, and the responsibility of prevention and control is great. Respiratory infectious diseases have different epidemic season and predisposing population. Different prevention and control measures should be taken according to the different epidemic characteristics of different diseases.
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Objective To analyze the change of life expectancy and the impact of mortality by age and causes of death on this issue among permanent residents of Beijing.Methods Abridged Life Table and Arriaga method were used to calculate and to decompose the changes on life expectancy by age and causes of death in 2000-2010.Results From 2000-2010,life expectancy under this studied population had an increase of 3.35 years.Most part of the increases (44.27％,1.48 years) within the last 10 years could be explained by the decrease of mortality in the population at age ≥ 80.Both cerebrovascular and heart diseases were contributing the most to the increment of life expectancy while mortality of malignant tumors appeared a negative contributor to this increment.Conclusion From 2000 to 2010,increment in life expectancy contributed to the decrease of mortality in the elderly and the decrease of mortalities on both cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases.The decrease of life expectancy was mainly due to the increase of mortality related to malignant tumors.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the characteristics of out-of-hospital acute coronary heart disease (CHD) deaths in Beijing permanent residents at the age of 25 or more from 2007 to 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We analyzed the gender, age, geographical distribution, occupation, marital status and the extent of different education characteristics of out-of-hospital acute CHD deaths of the Beijing permanent residents at the age of 25 or more from 2007 to 2009 using the mortality information database from the Beijing Vital Registration Monitoring System.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the total 41 732 acute CHD deaths, 30 159 (72.27%) died out of hospital and out-of-hospital mortality was 2.61 times higher than in-hospital mortality. Majority out-of-hospital death occurred in males (72.30%, 16 068/22 224), in 25 - 34 years old people (91.75%, 89/97), in residents living in remoter suburbs and counties (82.43%, 13 513/16 393), in rural population (89.50%, 10 017/11 192), in non-marital single (80.76%, 592/733) and in people less than five-years of schooling (83.95%, 11 388/13 565). Most out-of-hospital acute CHD death occurred at home (78.80%, 23 765/30 159).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Out-of hospital acute CHD mortality is high in Beijing permanent residents at the age of 25 and over from 2007 to 2009. Male, 25 - 34 years old, living in outer suburbs and counties, rural population, non-marital single, and less education years are major risk factors for out-of-hospital acute CHD death.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Disease , China , Epidemiology , Coronary Artery Disease , Mortality , Coronary Disease , Mortality , Epidemiological Monitoring , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain the exposure-response relationship for temperature and mortality, and assess the risk of heat-related premature death.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A statistical model was developed using a Poisson generalized linear regression model with Beijing mortality and temperature data from October 1st, 2006 to September 30th, 2008. We calculated the exposure-response relationship for temperature and mortality in the central city, and inner suburban and outer suburban regions. Based on this relationship, a health risk model was used to assess the risk of heat-related premature death in the summer (June to August) of 2009.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The population in the outer suburbs had the highest temperature-related mortality risk. People in the central city had a mid-range risk, while people in the inner suburbs had the lowest risk. Risk assessment predicted that the number of heat-related premature deaths in the summer of 2009 was 1581. The city areas of Chaoyang and Haidian districts had the highest number of premature deaths. The number of premature deaths in the southern areas of Beijing (Fangshan, Fengtai, Daxing, and Tongzhou districts) was in the mid-range.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ambient temperature significantly affects human mortality in Beijing. People in the city and outer suburban area have a higher temperature-related mortality risk than people in the inner suburban area. This may be explained by a temperature-related vulnerability.</p>