ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the normal reference values of abdominal aorta and its branches in Southwest China, so as to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods The length, diameter and angle of the abdominal aorta and its branches were measured in 20 cadavers. At the same time, 300 cases without obvious pathological changes in four urban populations were selected for abdominal CT angiography (CTA) to measure the length, diameter and angle of abdominal aorta and its branches. Results Display rate of abdominal aorta was 100%,the average length of abdominal aorta was (12.96±0.81) cm, the diameter of abdominal aorta was (1.93±0.28) cm, (1.55±0.23) cm, (1.61±0.19) cm in renal artery plane (Ⅰ), inferior mesenteric artery plane (Ⅱ) and lower edge plane of lumbar vertebrae (Ⅲ), and the average value on image was (2.17 ± 0.42) cm, (1.81 ± 0.40) cm, (1.99 ± 0.53) cm; Display rate of common iliac artery was 100%, the angle between left and right common iliac artery was (59.80± 4.66) ° and the diameter of the end was (1.16±0.33) cm and (1.12±0.11) cm; Display rate of celiac trunk on cadaver was 100%, the average length was (1.61±0.27) cm, the average diameter on cadaver was (0.78±0.71) cm, the image was (0.88± 0.31) cm; Display rate of renal artery was 100%, the average length of the left renal artery was (2.58 ± 0.50) cm, that of the right was (4.26±0.65) cm, the initial average diameter of the left renal artery was (0.55±0.24) cm, and the right renal artery was (0.62±0.20) cm; Display rate of the superior mesenteric artery was (100%), that of the on cadaver was (4.56 ± 0.29) cm, that of the image was (4.93 ± 0.84) cm, and that of the angle between the abdominal aorta was (38.05±5.99)°; Display rate of the inferior mesenteric artery was (100%),the average length of the inferior mesenteric artery was (6.57±0.79) cm on the cadaver, the image was (6.70±0.76) cm, and that of the angle between the abdominal aorta was (73.79 ± 9.62) ° and the initial diameter was (0.48 ± 0.29) cm. Conclusion The normal reference values of abdominal aorta and its visceral branches in Southwest China population were measured. CTA has a special advantage in showing the lesions of abdominal aorta and its branches in lumen, extraluminal and vascular wall, which can provide anatomical data of patients before operation.
ABSTRACT
Aim To evaluate the protective effect of Averrhoa Carambola L. Roots DMDD alleviating myocardial injury in diabetes mellitus (DM) mice and its mechanism. Methods SD mice were given high-glucose-high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin to induce DM model, and were administered with DMDD. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) was recorded. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum upstroke velocity of left ventricular pressure (+ dp/dt
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Canhuang tablets on the mRNA and protein expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and multidrug resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2) in the liver of jaundiced rats induced by α-naphthalene isothiocyanate (ANIT). Method:The rats were divided into normal group, model group, Canhuang tablets (CHP) group and ursodeoxycholic acid tablets (UDCA) group. The jaundice model was reproduced by ANIT. After the intervention of the corresponding drugs, the contents of total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum and the liver histopathology were examined to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CHP. The relative mRNA and protein expressions of FXR, UGT1A1 and MRP2 in rat liver tissues were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Result:CHP can significantly reduce the increase of TBIL, TBA, ALT, AST and ALP caused by ANIT in rat serum, and inhibit the liver pathological changes, which showed that the removing jaundice effect of CHP was better than UDCA. Compared with the normal group, ANIT significantly inhibited the mRNA levels of FXR, UGT1A1 and MRP2 in rat liver tissues after modeling (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, CHP and UDCA significantly increased the mRNA levels of target genes of each protein after intervention (P<0.01), and CHP was superior to UDCA in improving the mRNA level of bilirubin metabolizing enzyme UGT1A1 (P<0.01). In the aspect of affecting protein expression, compared with the normal group, ANIT modeling significantly increased the expression of FXR in rats (P<0.05). CHP intervention showed a tendency to promote the expression of FXR, while UDCA did not, but there was no significant difference between them. In the aspects of promoting bilirubin metabolism and bile excretion, the expressions of UGT1A1 and MRP2 were significantly decreased by ANIT modeling (P<0.01), while the expressions of UGT1A1 and MRP2 proteins were significantly increased after treatment of CHP (P<0.01). CHP was superior to UDCA in increasing the expression of bilirubin and bile acid efflux protein MRP2 (P<0.01). Conclusion:The jaundice abating mechanism of CHP is related to activating FXR mRNA expression in liver, promoting the mRNA and protein expression of bilirubin metabolizing enzyme UGT1A1 and bile acid transporter MRP2, improving liver metabolism of free bilirubin and promoting bile acid excretion from the liver, and alleviating cholestatic liver injury.
ABSTRACT
5.5mmol/L),persistent metabolic acidosis,or low cardiac output syndrome.Following data were collected in all patients:time to ni- tiation and duration of PD;time point of the recovery of urine output;baseline serum creatinine level(Cr0),rise of Cr(Crl),peak Cr (Cr2),descending Cr(Cr3),recovery of Cr(Cr4);and their corresponding postoperative time points.Results Of the 63 patients,58 (92.1%)required PD.Overall mortality rate was 33.3%(21/63).Patients undergone more complex surgery requiring longer aortic damping time;have higher Cr0,Cr2,Cr3 and longer period of the recovery of Cr and urine output(P6d)was associated with more complicated surgical procedure,higher Cr1 and Cr2,delayed recovery of Cr and urine output after surgery,longer period of low cardiac output syndrome,more dysfunctional organs,longer mechanical ventilation and ICU stay postoperatively(P