ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the influencing factors and perform the prediction of olfactory disorders in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis（CRS） based on artificial intelligence. Methods:The data of 75 patients with CRS who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery from October 2021 to February 2023 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed retrospectively. There were 53 males and 22 females enrolled in the study, with a median age of 42.0 years old. The CRS intelligent microscope interpretation system was used to calculate the proportion of area glands and blood vessels occupy in the pathological sections of each patient, and the absolute value and proportion of eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils. The patients were grouped according to the results of the Sniffin' Sticks smell test, and the clinical baseline data, differences in nasal mucosal histopathological characteristics, laboratory test indicators and sinus CT were compared between the groups. Determine the independent influencing factors of olfactory disorders and receiver operating characteristic curves（ROC） were used to evaluate the performance of the prediction model. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Results:Among the 75 CRS patients, 25 cases（33.3%） had normal olfaction and 50 cases（66.7%） had olfactory disorders. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that tissue eosinophils percentage（OR=1.032, 95%CI 1.002-1.064, P=0.036）, Questionnaire of olfactory disorders-Negative statement（QOD-NS）（OR=1.079, 95%CI 1.004-1.160, P=0.040） and Anterior olfactory cleft score（AOCS）（OR=2.672, 95%CI 1.480-4.827, P=0.001） were independent risk factors for olfactory disorders in CRS patients. Further research found that the area under the ROC curve（AUC） of the combined prediction model established by the tissue eosinophil percentage, QOD-NS and AOCS was 0.836（95%CI 0.748-0.924, P<0.001）, which is better than the above single factor prediction model in predicting olfactory disorders in CRS. Conclusion:Based on pathological artificial intelligence, tissue eosinophil percentage, QOD-NS and AOCS are independent risk factors for olfactory disorders in CRS patients, and the combination of the three factors has a good predictive effect on CRS olfactory disorders.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Retrospective Studies , Artificial Intelligence , Rhinosinusitis , Rhinitis/complications , Nasal Polyps/complications , Sinusitis/complications , Olfaction Disorders/etiology , Smell , Chronic DiseaseABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)- induced epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of human esophageal cancer cell line KYSE70. Methods: The proliferation of KYSE70 cells after treatment with different concentrations of curcumin for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h was detected by CCK-8 assay. After treatment with curcumin (20 μmol/L), TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), and the combination of curcumin (20 μmol/L) and TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), the morphology of KYSE70 cells was observed under an optical microscope, the invasion ability was measured by Transwell chamber assay, the cell cycle distribution was analyzed by FCM, and the expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin mRNAs and proteins were determined by real-Time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results: The proliferation of KYSE70 cells was inhibited by treatment with different concentrations of curcumin for different time (all P < 0.01). The KYSE70 cells transformed into mesenchymal cells with typical spindle-shape after treatment with TGF-β1, but this transformation could be suppressed by curcumin. The percentage of KYSE70 cells at G0/G1 phase in TGF-β1 treatment group was lower than that in the control group (KYSE70 cells without any treatment) (P = 0.021). The percentage of KYSE70 cells at S phase in the combination treatment group was higher than that in TGF-β1 treatment group (P < 0.001), and the percentage of cells at G2/M phase was lower than that in TGF-β1 treatment group (P < 0.001). The number of the invasive cells in TGF-β1 treatment group was larger than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The number of the invasive cells in curcumin treatment group was smaller than that that in the control group (P < 0.001). The number of the invasive cells in combination treatment group was smaller than that in TGF-β1 treatment group (P < 0.001). The expression levels of E-cadherin mRNA (P = 0.045) and protein (P = 0.008) in TGF-β1 treatment group were lower than those in the control group. The expression levels of N-cadherin and vimentin mRNAs (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively) and proteins (both P < 0.001) were higher than those in the control group. The expression levels of E-cadherin mRNA (P = 0.005) and protein (P = 0.006) in combination treatment group were higher than those in TGF-β1 treatment group. The expression levels of N-cadherin and vimentin mRNAs (P = 0.010 and P < 0.001, respectively) and proteins (both P < 0.001) in combination treatment group were lower than those in TGF-β1 treatment group. Conclusion: Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of esophageal cancer KYSE70 cells, and suppress the EMT.
ABSTRACT
Pancreatic cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with high mortality rate, low diagnostic rate, and poor prognosis in the digestive system. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) were the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)-dependent enzymes, which play an important role in the metabolism of ethanol, Vitamin A, cyclophosphamide, etc. Recent studies have found that ALDHs are involved in the regulation of many cell signaling pathways, and their expressions are related to the metastasis, prognosis, and drug-resistance of malignancies. In addition, ALDHs as common markers in normal stem cells and cancer stem cells, play an important role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer stem cells. This review discusses the expression and regulatory mechanisms of different subtypes of ALDHs family in pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer stem cells, and summarizes the mechanism of action of ALDHs-related anti-tumor drugs, in order to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and the development of novel drugs.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the efficacy of endoscopic transnasal orbital balanced decompression technique for the treatment of severe Graves' orbitopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six cases (12 eyes) of severe Graves'orbitopathy were included in this study. All patients were undergone endoscopic transnasal orbital balanced decompression technique (orbital inner and lower wall decompression+ lateral orbital decompression) for severe Graves'orbitopathy and serious affecting visual function or appearance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The follow-up ranged from 12 months to 2 years and 4 months. Postoperatively, the visual acuity markly improved from 0.23 ± 0.08 to 0.48 ± 0.13 (t=-5.749, P<0.001). Proptosis measured by exophthalmoter distictly reduced from (22.08 ± 1.08) mm to (15.67 ± 1.44) mm (t=17.924, P< 0.001). The palpebral fissures obviously reduced from (12.03 ± 0.91) mm to (8.62 ± 0.75) mm (t=9.600, P< 0.001), and orbital volume evidently increased from (26.84 ± 0.62) cm³ to (31.56 ± 1.10) cm³ (t=-16.567, P<0.001). Compared with the preoperative result, the orbital pressure was significantly decreased after operation (t=-6.759 (Y=100 g), t=-11.850 (Y=200 g), t=-6.189 (Y=300 g), P<0.001). Diplopia was appeared in 3 cases, and disappeared 3 to 5 months after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endoscopic transnasal orbital balanced decompression technique is effective for the treatment of severe Graves'orbitopathy.</p>