ABSTRACT
The first branchial arch (BA1), which is derived from cranial neural crest (CNC) cells, gives rise to various orofacial tissues. Cre mice are widely used for the determination of CNC and exploration of gene functions in orofacial development. However, there is a lack of Cre mice specifically marked BA1's cells. Pax2-Cre allele was previously generated and has been widely used in the field of inner ear development. Here, by compounding Pax2-Cre and R26R-mTmG mice, we found a specific expression pattern of Pax2
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 , Branchial Region , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , SkullABSTRACT
Objective Bushen-Qingxin decoction combined conjugated estrogen tablets of modulation perimenopausal women osteoporosis patients, explore the impact of bone mineral density and bone metabolic markers. Methods A total of 160 female patients were recruited in our hospital by the random number table method, and were divided into the control group 80 cases and the observation group 80 cases. The control group was treated with standard dose of conjugated estrogen tablets, while the observation group was treated with Bushen Qingxin decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated 3 period with 28 days per period. The enzyme-linked immunity analyzer was used to detect serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), C-terminal cross linked peptide (CTX-Ⅰ), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase -5b (TRACP-5b) level, and the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement method was used to detect bone mineral density values. The clinical curative effect was compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 91.3%, while the control group was 78.8%, which showed the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=3.971, P=3.971). After treatment, the serum BALP levels (88.55 ± 10.33 U/L vs. 80.47 ± 8.67 U/L, t=5.399) of the observation group were significantly higher than this of the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the serum TRACP-5b (501.31 ± 35.77 pg/L vs. 538.51 ± 37.69 pg/L, t=6.498), CTX- (130.09 ±Ⅰ17.55 ng/ml vs. 164.71 ± 19.45 ng/ml, t=11.928) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the bone mineral density of the observation group rose up from the baseline (t=3.396, P=0.010). Conclusions The Bushen-Qingxin decoction combined conjugated estrogen tablets can increase on women in the menopausal transition of osteoporosis in patients with bone mineral density values and serum BALP levels, reduce serum TRACP-5b, CTX-Ⅰ level.
ABSTRACT
Lysozyme, pepsin, ovalbumin, hemoglobin andγ-globumin were chosen as templates to investigate the imprinting capability of amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels. Prepolymerizing solutions contained acrylic acid and allyl amine, as well as acrylamide and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as the functional monomers. As a result there were both acidic and basic functional groups in the polymers, facilitating effective interactions with likewise amphoteric proteins. The proteins differ greatly and cover wide scopes of molecular weights and isoelectric points. Regardless of the values of the molecular weights and isoelectric points, all the templates gave higher retentions on the MIP tubes than on the NIP tube. The MIP of lysozyme indicated the highest imprinting factor of 7. 0, and that of γ-globumin showed the lowest, 2. 0. The values of other proteins were intervenient. Conclusively the amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels were suitable imprinting materials for various proteins, and could potentially be used for protein recognition, purification, and depletion.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture on the sleeping quality of male Wistar rats with stress induced gastric mucosal injury from the viewpoint of the brain-intestine axis. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomized into normal control, model, ST36-CV12, BL62-KI6, and combined groups, with 8 rats in each group. The model was established by using intragastric perfusion of ethanol in the rats. Acupoints of Zusanli (ST36) and Zhongwan (CV12) on both sides were used for the ST36-CV12 group. Acupoints of Shenmai (BL62) and Zhaohai (KI6) on both sides were used for the BL62-KI6 group. All four acupoints were used for the combined group. 0.22 mm × 13 mm stainless steel filiform needles were inserted 5-10 mm deep, and were left untouched for 20 minutes before withdrawal. The acupoints were stimulated each day for five days and the paw withdraw thermal latency (PWTL) was detected after the last stimulation. 2%pentobarbital sodium was then injected (40 mg/kg), and sleeping time of rats was detected. Gastric mucosa was observed through naked eyes. Gastric mucosal ulcer Index was determined by using the Guth method. 5-HT and DA contents were detected by using HPLC-ECD method. Results Compared with the normal control group, PWTL and sleeping time decreased (P<0.01), and UI, 5-HT, and DA content increased in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, PTWL and sleeping time increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and UI decreased in all treatment groups (P<0.01). 5-HT content in ST36-CV12 and combined groups decreased significantly, and DA content in ST36-CV12 group dropped (P<0.01). Compared with other treatment groups, PWTL and sleeping time increased significantly (P<0.01), and UI decreased obviously in combined group (P<0.01). Conclusion Stimulating acupoints of Zusanli, Zhongwan, Shenmai, and Zhaohai (KI6) may promote the recovery of gastric mucosal injury while at the same time increase sleeping time, with four acupoints used in combination having the best efficacy. The mechanism may be related to adjusting contents of 5-HT and DA in corpus striatum.