Effect of conventional coronary CT angiography conventional bolus injection of contrast agent on the left main coronary artery and the bifurcation / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of conventional coronary CT angiography (CCTA) bolus injection of contrast agent on the diameter and angle of the left main coronary artery (LMA) bifurcation area, and to provide a basis for the application of CCTA to accurately measure the coronary artery.Methods:In Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province from January to December 2020, the clinical data of 54 patients with suspected coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and CCTA with conventional bolus injection of contrast agent were retrospectively analyzed. Two physicians measured middle lumen diameter of LMA (d1), proximal lumen diameter of left anterior descending (LAD) (d2), proximal lumen diameter of left circumflex (LCX) (d3) and bifurcation angle between LAD and LCX (∠1). The consistency of 2 physicians was compared, and the results of CACS and CCTA were compared.Results:The consistency analysis result showed that only d3 measured by CCTA had a moderate consistency (intra-group correlation coefficient = 0.717), and the remaining indexes were in good agreement (intra-group correlation coefficient >0.75). There were no statistical differences in indexes measured results between CACS and CCTA ( P>0.05). According to the degree of left coronary artery stenosis, 54 patients were divided into 2 groups: LMA and branches normal or stenosis degree < 50% group (25 cases) and LMA and branches 1 or more branches stenosis degree≥50% group (29 cases). There were no statistical differences in indexes measured results between CACS and CCTA in patients with different disease severity ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In the CCTA examination, the conventional bolus injection of contrast agent does not affect the diameter and angle of the lumen of the LMA bifurcation area of the coronary artery.

Efficacy of desloratadine citrate disodium in the treatment of chronic urticaria and its effect on serum interleukin-23, interleukin-33 and PARC/CCL-18 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy of desloratadine citrate disodium versus loratadine in the treatment of chronic urticaria (CU),and to evaluate their effect on serum interleukin (IL)-23,IL-33 and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine/CC chemokine ligand 18 (PARC/CCL-18).Methods From January 2013 to December 2016,120 CU patients treated in Department of Dermatology,Wuwei Oncology Hospital were enrolled into this study,and divided into study group and control group by using a random number table.Patients in the study group took oral desloratadine citrate disodium tablets 8.8 mg once a day,and patients in the control group took loratadine tablets 10 mg once a day.The treatment lasted 28 days.The therapeutic effect was compared between the two groups,and changes in serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 were compared before and after treatment.Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-sample t test and chi-square test for comparing indices between the two groups.Results The response rate was significantly higher in the study group (88.33％,53/60) than in the control group (61.67％ [37/60],x2 =15.352,P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment,the serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 in the study group significantly decreased to 87.72 ± 22.16 ng/L,95.94 ± 18.27 ng/L,85.93 ±27.34 μg/L respectively,which were all lower than those in the control group (104.21 ± 32.05 ng/L,106.27 ±20.93 ng/L,95.72 ± 30.28 μg/L,respectively;t =3.264,4.034,3.934,respectively,P =0.020,0.006,0.015,respectively).No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group and control group (P =0.298).Conclusion Desloratadine citrate disodium can markedly improve the clinical symptoms of CU with favorable safety,likely by inhibiting the immune response of the body and reducing the effect of chemokines on the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells.

Establishment and application of a TNF-α humanized mouse model of Listeria monocytogenes infection / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective TNF-α monoclonal antibody drugs are widely used to treat conditions such as rheumatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. On the other hand, it is also a wide concern that the application of these drugs may increase the susceptibility of patients to infections such as tuberculosis and listeriosis. The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model of Listeria monocytogenes infection and to evaluate the effect of TNF-α monoclonal antibody on the host susceptibility to this infection. Methods Six SPF 14-week old female C57BL/6 mice and 12 SPF 14-week old female TNF-α humanized mice were injected with saline or adalimumab intravenously, and challenged with intraperitoneal injection of 104 CFU Listeria monocytogenes 24 h later. After one day or 4 days, the mice were sacrificed to examine the pathological lesions and the bacterial load in the spleen and liver. Results Four days after infection, the area of microabscess in the liver tissues was significantly increased in the adalimumab-treated group. The bacterial load in the spleen and liver tissues of the adalimumab-treated group was significantly higher than that of the C57BL/6 mouse control group and TNF-α humanized mouse control group (P ＜ 0. 05). However, the distribution of macrophages in the liver tissues and B cells in the spleen tissues were similar among groups. Conclusions TNF-α plays an important role in the host immune responses to Listeria monocytogenes infection. After the intervention with TNF-α monoclonal antibody, the progress of host disease is significantly exacerbated.

Structural and functional changes of immune system in natural aging SD rats / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To investigate the structural and functional changes of immune system in aging Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Sixty SPF 4-6-week old SD rats(male:female=1:1)were used in this study. Ten of them were randomly taken and euthanized every 6 months. The dynamic changes of T cell proliferation,expression of cytokines,serum levels of SOD and MDA and histopathology were examined. Results Obvious histological changes of thymus and spleen were observed in the aging rats. Compared with the young SD rats,in the aging rats,the lymphocyte transformation ability was decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),number of splenic cells was declined(P<0.05,P<0.01),NK(P<0.05,P<0.01)and T cell subset was reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the production of IL-2 was decreased as well(P<0.05, P<0.01). The serum level of SOD in old rats was lower,MDA was increased,with significant differences(P<0.05,P<0.01). The immunohistochemical staining showed that more extensive staining was found in the nuclei of thymocytes from the aging rats,while the 8-OHdG formation in thymic tissues was mostly located in the thymic medulla. Conclusions Aging process is accompanied by immune impairment,oxidative stress can also impair the immune response in aging rats. Our findings indicate that structural and functional alterations of immune system in aging rats may be closely related with ox-idative damages.

Effects of 630 nm Red and 460 nm Blue Light Emitting Diode Irradiation on Healing of the Skin Wound in Japanese Big-ear White Rabbit / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To observe the effects of 630 nm red light and 460 nm blue light emitting diode irradiation on the healing of skin wounds in Japanese big-ear white rabbits. Methods The skin wound model was established with 8 Japanese big-ear white rabbits. Three parts of vulnus in each rabbit were used:two parts of vulnus were irradiated vertically by red and blue LED light,respectively(15 min/time),and the distance between lights and wounds was 15 cm;the 3part of the wound was used as a control. On the 21day of the wounds exposure to light,the number of healing wounds and the percentage of healing area were recorded and the treatment effect of these two light sources was compared. HE staining was used to analyze the newborn tissue structure. Masson staining was used to observe the proliferation of skin collagen fibers. Immuohistochemical staining was used to analyze fibroblast growth factor(FGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF),endothelial growth factor(CD31),proliferating cell nuclear antigen(Ki-67),and inflammatory cytokines(CD68)infiltration in the skin. Results The healing rate in the red light,blue light,and control groups was 50.0%(4/8),25.0%(2/8),and 12.5%(1/8),respectively. Since the 12day after modeling,the healing area percentage in the red light group was significantly higher than those in the blue light and control groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). On the 21day after modeling,the skin thickness of the red light group was(2.95±0.34)mm,which was significantly higher than that in control group [(2.52±0.42)mm;F=3.182,P=0.016)]. The average optical density of collagen fibers was 0.15±0.03 in red light group,which was significantly higher than that of the blue light group(0.09±0.01;F=7.316,P=0.012)and control(0.07±0.01;F=7.316,P=0.003). The results of immunohistochemistry showed the expression levels of EGF,FGF,CD31 antigen,and Ki-67 in the red light group were significantly higher than those in the blue light and control groups,whereas the CD68 expression was significantly lower(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion LED red light irradiation can promote the healing of skin wounds in Japanese big-ear white rabbits,which may be achieved by the effect of red light irradiation in stimulating the proliferation of skin epidermal cells,vascular endothelial cells,and fiberous tissue.

Effect of Ganoderma Lucidum Preparation on the Behavior,Biochemistry,and Autoimmune Parameters of Mouse Models of APP/PS1 Double Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum preparation on the behaviors,biochemistry,and autoimmunity parameters of mouse models of APP/PS-1 double transgenic Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods A total of 44 4-month-old APP/PS-1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into AD model group,Aricept group,Ganoderma lucidum middle-dose(LZ-M)group,and Ganoderma lucidum high-dose(LZ-H)group,with 11 mice in each group.In addition,10 4-month-old C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group.Water maze test was conducted to observe the behavior changes,and the protein expressions in brain tissues were detected by Western blot analysis.The autoimmune indicators were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method.Results In the navigation experiment,the time of finding the platform was gradually shortened since the 2day in the control,LZ-H,and LZ-M groups,and the time of searching the platform in the AD model group gradually increased.On the 5day,the time of finding platform was significantly shorter in control group (t=5.607,P=0.000) and LZ-H group(t=2.750,P=0.010)than AD model group.In the space exploration experiment,the number of crossing the target platform(t=2.452,P=0.025)and the residence time in the target quadrant(t=2.530,P=0.020)in AD model group mice was significantly smaller/shorter than those in control group;in addition,the number of crossing the target platform in the AD model group was significantly smaller than that in LZ-H group(t=2.317,P=0.030)and LZ-M group(t=2.443,P=0.030),while the residence time in target quadrant decreased significantly(t=2.770,P=0.020)compared with LZ-H group;the number of crossing through the target platform quadrant(t=2.493,P=0.022)and residence time in the target quadrant(t=2.683,P=0.015)in LZ-H group were significantly higher than in Aricept group.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of ApoA1 in the brain tissues of mice in LZ-H and LZ-M groups were significantly higher than those in AD model group(P<0.01,P<0.05);Aβ-40 expression in LZ-H group was significantly lower than that in AD model group(P<0.05);the expressions of Syt1,ApoE,and ABCA1 in brain tissues of mice in LZ-H group were significantly higher than those in model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).The plasma IgG level in Aricept group(t=30.945,P=0.000),LZ-M group(t=25.639,P=0.000)and LZ-H group(t=4.689,P=0.001)were significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum preparation can improve behavior disorders of AD model mice,promote the expressions of ApoA1,ApoE and Syt1,inhibit the expression of Aβ-40 protein,and improve the autoimmune function.

Improved Quality Standard for Kangshiming Mixtures / 中国药师

Objective:To improve the quality standard for Kangshiming mixtures. Methods:The identification of Angelicae Sinen-sis Radix, Astragali Radix and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex was carried out by TLC. The contents of puerarin and paeoniflorin in the preparations were determined by HPLC. Results:The spots displayed in TLC were clear without interference from the negative control. The linear range for puerarin was 1. 64-49. 20μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) and 4. 22-63. 30μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 6) for paeoniflorin. The average recovery was 99. 63%(RSD=2. 14%,n=9) and 99. 05%(RSD=2. 70%,n=9) for puerarin and paeoniflorin, respectively. Conclusion:The method is accurate, reliable and specific, and can be used in the quality control of Kangshiming mixtures.

Spontaneous neoplastic lesions of Wistar rats and their incidences / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To investigate the spontaneous neoplastic lesions and their incidences in rats .Methods Sixty male and 60 female specific pathogen-free Wistar rats (4-weeks old ) were used in this study .The rats were acclima-ted for 1 week prior to initiation of the experiment .They were fed with conventional feed for 104 weeks and then sacrificed for histopathological examination .Results Various neoplastic lesions of the rats and their incidences were analyzed and reported.For male rats, their total tumor incidence was 49.12%, the benign tumor incidence was 38.60%and the malig-nant tumor incidence was 17.54%.The benign neoplastic lesions mainly were pituitary adenoma ( 19.30%) , testis Leydig cell tumor (5.26%) and subcutaneous fibroma (5.26%).The malignant neoplastic lesions mainly were squamous cell carcinoma (7.02%) and lymphoid hematopoietic system tumors (3.51%).For female rats, their total tumor inci-dence was 60.34%, the benign tumor incidence was 50.00%and the malignant tumor incidence was 15.52%.The benign neoplastic lesions mainly were breast fibroadenoma (25.86%) and pituitary adenoma (24.14%).The malignant neoplas-tic lesions mainly were adenocarcinoma (5.17%) and breast cancer (3.45%).Conclusions The spontaneous neoplastic lesions and their incidences reported in this paper provide another data of the spontaneous tumors of SPF Wistar rats and may provide some reference for relevant technical staffs .

Discussion on releasing price of Chinese patent medicine to market economy to achieve sustainable development / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze costs of the traditional Chinese medicine industry focusing on production costs.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Data of 50 planted Chinese herbal medicines and 50 wild Chinese herbal medicines were summarized and analyzed to see the changes of price of Chinese herbal medicines.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The derivative problems of limited price were analyzed by crude drug, quality of Chinese medicine and sustainable utilization of resource.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The price of Chinese medicine shall be adapted to sustainable development of market economy.</p>

Comparison of bio-medical parameters in SIV infected Chinese rhesus monkeys with diverse progression correlated to the pathogenesis of simian AIDS / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To compare the bio-medical parameters in SIV infected Chinese rhesus monkeys with diverse disease progression,by which the pathogenesis of simian AIDS were to be investigated.Methods Sixteen Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated intravenously with SIVmac239 and followed-up for 18 months.Based on their progression patterns and plasma viral loads,animals were divided into 3 groups,including 1 rapid progressor( RP),13 normal progressors(NP),and 2 elite controllor(EC).Their parameters of haematology,virology,immunology and pathology were examined and compared. Results Compared with other animals,RM449(RP) showed higher viral load,unresponsive humoral immunity,and higher level of auto-antibodies against lymph node,thymus,and spleen.Additionally,its effector memory CD4 count was lower,with the transformation progress being blocked-like from naive/central memory subsets to effector memory subset,as the flow-cytometry assay showed.Notable decrease in its peripheral B cell was also observed,especially to the sub-population of tissue-like memory B cells and activated memory B cells.Pathological examination showed the depletion of lymphoid tissue,atrophy of spleen and loss of thymus.Moreover,most of these parameters of RM450 and RM453 (EC) changed opposite to that of RP.Conclusion The hallmarks of RM449 were higher viraemia and lower SIV specific IgG level,which may due to the disturbance of T cells and B cells development and differentiation.Moreover,destructions of organs of the immune system may contribute to the disturbance.Our study suggest that the change of micro-environments of thymus induced by SIV infection,which is necessary in T cell and B cell development and differentiation,may contribute at least partially to the AIDS pathogenesis.

The clinical value of combined diagnosis in the diagnosis of early breast cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum tumor makers CA15-3,19 fragments of cellular keratin antigen(CYFRA21-1)combined with the color Doppler ultrasound and mammography X-ray in diagnosis of early breast cancer.Methods According to the postoperative pathologic diagnosis,collected 106 cases of patients with breast cancer (breast cancer group) and 50 cases of patients with benign breast lesions (control group),the serum tumor makers CA15-3,CYFRA21-1,the color Doppler ultrasound and mammography X-ray were compared with postoperative pathology and statistical analyzed retrospectively.Results The sensitivity of CA15-3 was 63.2%(67/106),specificity was 94.O% (47/50);the sensitivity of CYFRA21-1 was 73.6%(78/106),specificity was 88.0%(44/50);the sensitivity of color Doppler ultrasound was 77.4%(82/106),specificity was 90.0%(45/50);the sensitivity of mammography X-ray was 75.5%(80/106),specificity was 92.0%(46/50);the sensitivity of the four combined detections was 96.2%(102/106),specificity was 80.0%(40/50).The sensitivity of combined detection was higher than any of them individually,there was statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusions Combined diagnosis is an effective way of early breast cancer detection.It has high positive rate of diagnosis and reliable guidance significance for diagnosis and treatment.

Sonographic diagnosis of fetal congenital diaphragm hernia / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the value of prenatal ultrasonography for diagnosing fetal congenital diaphragm hernia(CDH). Methods Sonographic imaging of 10 cases with CDH confirmed by autopsy were retrospectively analyzed,the characteristics of imaging were Summarized. Results Nine cases had CDH on the left side,and one case on the right. Nine cases showed occupying lesion in left thoracic cavity with the heart shifting to right,one showed occupying lesion in the right thoracic cavity with the heart shifting to left.Seven cases were detected stomach in left thoracic cavity,one was detected stomach in the ahdominal cavity and 2 cases were not detected stomach in splanchnocoele. All cases were observed that the heart shifted to anterior chest with left atrium separating from descending aorta and the spine. There were 7 cases with hydramnios,3 cases with other organs abnormality among them. Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonography is of great value for diagnosing fetal CDH.

Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal Ebstein's anomaly in prenatal / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of ultrosonic diagnosis of fetal Ebstein's anomaly in prenatal.Methods The data of echocardiography and follow-up results of 6 fetal Ebstein's anomaly were retrospective analyzed,and their abnormal ultrasound imaging characteristic were summarized.Results Six cases were proved into Ebstein's anomaly by autopsy,including septal tricuspid leaflet displacement(2 cases),septal and posterior tricuspid leaflets displacement(3cases),septal and posterior and anterior tricuspid leaflets displacement(1 case).There were 4 cases combined with right ventricle dysplasia,1 case with atrial septal defect,1 case with pulmonary stenosis,and 4 cases with hydrothorax,ascibes and pericardial fluid.The echocardiography of fetal Ebstein's anomaly was characterized by right atrial enlargement,displacement of tricuspid valve attachment point,the distance ratio of between cardiac apex and bicuspid valve attachment point and between cardiac apex and tricuspid valve attachment point exceeding(1.8),forming typical atrialized right ventricle feature,color blood flow indicating severe tricuspid regurgitation with low initial point,large area and slow speed(mean speed:(217.0)(cm/s).)Conclusions The fetal Ebstein's anomaly has characteristic sonogram.Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal Ebstein's anomaly has great clinical value in prenatal.

Value of prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis in fetal pulmonary atresia / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal pulmonary atresia.Methods The data of echocardiography in 7 fetus with pulmonary atresia confirmed by autopsy were analysed retrospectively,the characteristics of abnormal ultrasound imaging were summarized.Results The dysplastic main pulmonary had been detected only in one fetus by two-dimensional echocardiography,five cases were shown ventricular septal defect with straddle of aortic root on the ventricular septum,two cases with intact ventricular septum had hypoplasis of right heart.Color Doppler flow imaging showed the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus in 5 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 3 cases.Five cases were diagnosed pulmonary atresia,one case was hypoplasia of right heart,and one case was mistaken for persistent truncus arteriosus.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of tetal pulmonary atresia has great clinical value,the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus is an important clue to diagnosis.

Proteomics:New insights for pharmacological research / 中国药理学通报

Merely having complete sequences of genomes is not sufficient to elucidate biological function. Proteomics is complementary to genomics because it focuses on the large scared gene products, which are the active agents in cells. As almost all the drugs are directed against proteins, proteomics have been widely used in pharmacological research.Proteomics profiling in drug target identification, toxicological and drug resistances research was reviewed.

Determination of valsartan in human plasma by HPLC / 中国药理学通报

AIM To establish a high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) to determine the concentration of valsartan in human plasma. METHODS Separation was achieved on the lichrospher C 18 column. The mobile phaseconsisted of pH 3 1 phosphate buffer acetonitrile (53∶47, V/V) was used at a flow rate of 1 0 ml?min -1 . The fluorimetric excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 265 nm and 378 nm, respectively. The plasma samples were acidified with HCl, extracted with ethyl acetate. Separate the organic phase, remove the solvent and then residue was dissolved in mobile phase. RESULTS The retention time of valsartan was 12 5 min. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 5 9～ 2 360 ?g?L -1 . The precision values (RSD) of intra day and inter day were determined to be 2 83%～7 07% and 1 57%～8 41% respectively. The absolute recovery rate were 80 30%?5 13%. The method was applied to determine the peak and valley concentrations in plasma of the hypertensive treated with 80mg valsartan per day. CONCLUSION The assay was sensitive and simple. It is suitable for the study of the pharmacokinetics of valsartan.