ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) combined with low temperature plasma (LTP) on mouse liver cancer cell.Methods:H22 mouse liver cancer cells were divided into liver cancer group, PEF treatment group, LTP treatment group, combined group A (first PEF treatment immediately after LTP treatment), combined group B (first LTP treatment immediately after PEF treatment), combined group C (same as combined group A, but 20 minutes interval) and combined group D (same as combined group B, but 20 minutes interval). Cell viability was detected by cell counting, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, intracellular reative oxygen species (ROS) was marked by fluorescence and counted. Twenty healthy female Kunming mouse aged 4-6 weeks without specific pathogens were subcutaneous injected with liver cancer cells, and then were randomly divided into model group, PBS control group, PEF experimental group, LTP experimental group and combined group (LTP+ PEF, no interval) ( n=4). Tumor relative volume and tumor inhibition rate were measured. Results:The survival rates were liver cancer cell group (98.3±0.9)%, PEF treatment group (66.8±4.4)%, LTP treatment group (62.1±3.9)%, combined group A (43.7±3.7)%, combined group B (31.0±1.4)%, combined group C (46.8±2.9)%, combined group D (39.0±2.3)%. Compared with liver cancer cell group, the cell survival rate of all treatment groups was decreased, and the cell survival rate of the four combined treatment group was lower than that of PEF treatment group and LTP treatment group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The survival rate of combined B group was the lowest. The results of apoptosis detection were consistent with those of cell survival rate. Under fluorescence microscope, the ROS fluorescence of cells in the combined group B was significantly increased, and the ROS fluorescence of cells in the LTP treatment group was more than that in the PEF treatment group, and the percentage of ROS positive cells in the combined group B was higher than that in the LTP treatment group and the PEF treatment group, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Tumor relative volume and tumor inhibition rate in the combined group were better than those in the PEF and LTP groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:LTP combined with PEF has a better killing effect on H22 cells than PEF or LTP treatment, which is expected to be a new tumor therapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish the normal reference range of neurotransmitters in Han-nationality children aged 3-12 in Hubei province.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on healthy Han-nationality children aged 3-12 who took physical examination in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Hubei province from January to August 2021.The children were asked for their medical histories, and those with neurological diseases, psychiatric diseases, infection, trauma, and a drug history in the past 2 weeks were excluded.The plasma of 324 children (262 males, 62 females; 217 cases in the 3-7 years old, 107 cases in the 8-12 years old) and urine of 391 children (302 males, 89 females; 266 cases in the 3-7 years old, 125 cases in the 8-12 years old) were collected.They ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry multiple techniques (UPLC-MS/MS) were used to detect 10 kinds of neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine, epinephrine, glutamic acid, etc.) in plasma and 8 kinds of neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine, epinephrine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, etc.) in random urine.The normal reference range of neurotransmitters in Han-nationality children aged 3-12 in Hubei province was established.The Kruskal- Wallis H test was made for statistical analysis of the differences in neurotransmitter levels among different age groups and gender groups.The neurotransmitter levels between different groups were compared by the Nemenyi test. Results:There were no significant differences in the levels of various neurotransmitters in children of different genders(all P>0.05). There were significant differences in the levels of dopamine, methoxy-norepinephrine, tryptophan and γ-aminobutyric acid in the plasma of children aged 3-7 years and 8-12 years.There were significant differences in the levels of dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, methoxy-norepinephrine, high vanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the random urine between the 3-7 years old group and the 8-12 years old group. Conclusions:The normal reference range of neurotransmitters in Han-nationality children aged 3-12 in Hubei province is established.This study provides reference for clinical practice and lays a foundation for the study of neurotransmitter-related diseases in children.