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Objective@#To understand the current status of obesity and high blood pressure (HBP) comorbidity and their multidimensional influencing factors in children aged 7-12 years in Xiamen, so as to provide reference basis for subsequent preventive measures.@*Methods@#Based on the baseline survey of the Xiamen pubertal development cohort in 2017, a total of 4 798 primary school students from second to sixth grade were selected in the study by cluster random sampling method. And physical examination and questionnaires were conducted. The Logistic regression was used to screen potential variables for obesity combined with HBP. A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyse the factors influencing obesity combined with HBP.@*Results@#About 9.15 % children were found with obesity and 11.65% with HBP. The rate of obesity combined with HBP was 3.00% in boys and 1.80 % in girls. The rate of HBP was 8.28% in normal weight children and 26.88% in obese children. Multivariate Logistic regression models showed that consumption of sugary drinks at least once a week ( OR =2.50), daily consumption of salted or pickled vegetables ( OR =4.52), family history of obesity ( OR =3.09) were positively associated with obesity combined with HBP ( P <0.05). Girls ( OR =0.53), consumption of highenergy snacks at least once a week ( OR =0.40) and adequate physical activity ( OR =0.58) were negatively associated with comorbidity of obesity and HBP ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gender differences in comorbidity burden of obesity and HBP exist among children aged 7-12 years in Xiamen. Dietary behaviour and exercise behaviour are the main dimensions influencing the comorbidity of obesity and HBP. Prevention and control of obesity and HBP in children should be based on multiple dimensions, including diet and exercise behavioural environment, to prevent early the occurrence for comorbidity of obesity and HBP in children.
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Objective@#To explore the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents aged 7-18, in order to provide a scientific basis for body weight overestimation prevention in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Based on the data of the Research Special Project for Public Welfare Industry of Health using stratified cluster sampling method in 2012, a tatal of 40 073 children and adolescents from 7 provinces with complete information were chosen. Ordinal multivariable Logistic regression model estimated the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation.@*Results@#A total of 4 276(11.8%) students with overestimation of body weight were detected, who spent >300 min/d time in digital devices(5.12%) than others (3.84%)( χ 2=19.14, P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that students with time spent on digital devices >300 min/d had a higher risk in overestimation of body weight ( OR=1.36,95%CI=1.18-1.57,P <0.01) compared with students who spent on digital devices≤120 min/d. There was still a significant association after confounder adjustment ( OR=1.28, 95%CI= 1.10-1.48,P <0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the association between digital devices usage and overestimation of body weight were only observed in girls, 11-18 years old and non single child( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The time usage of digital devices is associated with overestimation of body weight in children and adolescents. It may helpful for children and adolescents to prevent overestimation of body weight by reducing time spent on digital devices.
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Spontaneous intracranial hypotension can frequently result in several complications including subdural hygroma, subdural hematoma and cerebral venous thrombosis, but coma rarely. A case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension presented with orthostatic headaches was described. He experienced somnolence, disorientation, incontinence, and then coma, though received conservative treatment. Brain imaging demonstrated acute-on-chronic subdural hematoma, magnetic resonance myelography using heavily T 2-weighted fast spin-echo pulse sequences showed spinal longitudinal extradural collection, and magnetic resonance myelography with intrathecal gadolinium revealed cerebrospinal fluid leak at the level of T 6, T 7. The patient recovered consciousness after surgical evacuation of the hematoma, and the headache disappeared after a targeted epidural blood patch. The hematoma resolved 2 months later and the patient kept free from headache during follow-up.
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Objective:To evaluate the effects of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing based on guided education and training on rehabilitation treatment in school-age children with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing epileptogenic focus resection.Methods:Fifty movement disorders school-age children with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing epileptogenic focus resection in Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study. The child patients were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the order of admission, with 25 cases in each group, and the control group was from January 2017 to June 2018 while the observation group was from July 2018 to December 2019. In the control group, routine nursing after epileptogenic focus resection and functional exercise were conducted. The observation group was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation nursing based on guided education and training. On the third day after operation, the day of discharge respectively, the motor function and activity of daily living of the two groups were evaluated. The satisfaction of children′s parents on nursing was compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of motor function on the third day after operation and the day of discharge were (57.0 ± 6.8), (73.0 ± 5.4) points respectively in the observation group, and those in the control group were (55.0 ± 5.6), (65.6 ± 5.9) points. There were significant differences intra group comparison ( t=-9.26, -6.48, both P<0.05). The activity of daily living scores on the third day after operation and the day of discharge were (45.2 ± 5.9), (74.2 ± 8.3) points respectively in the observation group, and those in the control group were (44.0 ± 5.8), (60.2 ± 7.6) points. There were significant differences intra group comparison ( t=-14.33, -8.51, both P<0.05). There were significant differences between the scores of motor function and the ability of daily living scores on the day of discharge in the observation group and the control group ( t values were -4.65, -6.25, both P<0.05). The satisfaction of children′s parents on nursing in the observation group and the control group were 96.0% (24/25), 72.0% (18/25) respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups ( χ 2=8.78, P<0.05). Conclusions:Rehabilitation nursing based on guided education and training can improve motor function and ability of daily living in movement disorders school-age children with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing epileptogenic focus resection, promote the functional recovery of children after surgery and increase the satisfaction of children′s parents on nursing.
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Objective@#To analyze the association between sleep duration and social anxiety in Chinese children and adolescents to provide evidence for promoting healthy lifestyle and mental health in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 1 145 children and adolescents aged 7-16 were recruited by cluster random sampling in Beijing in 2020, and received a series of body measurements and questionnaire survey. Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the social anxiety symptoms and sleep duration of children and adolescents. T test was used to compare the differences of social anxiety level in different groups, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and social anxiety.@*Results@#The average score of social anxiety was (5.47±4.18). The social anxiety score of girls, participants aged 13-16, with insufficient physical activity and insufficient sleep duration were higher ( t =-4.34, -6.14, 3.35, 2.93, P < 0.05). The results of multivariate linear regression model showed that after adjusting confounding factors, social anxiety decreased by 0.78 for each additional hour of sleep duration ( β =-0.78, 95% CI =-1.03--0.54, P <0.01), with 0.60 in boys (95% CI = -0.95 --0.25), 0.90 in girls (95% CI =-1.24--0.56), 0.75 among participants aged 7-12 (95% CI =-1.11--0.40) and 0.76 among participants aged 13~16 (95% CI =-1.11--0.41)( P <0.01), respectively. Social anxiety among participants who were not over weight or obese decreased by 0.78(95% CI =-1.09--0.48) and 0.81 among overweight and obese group (95% CI =-1.22- -0.41 )( P <0.01) for each additional hour of sleep duration, respectively.@*Conclusion@#Substantial differences in social anxiety are observed in children and adolescents by gender, age group and nutritional status. Sufficient sleep duration is significantly related to the decrease of social anxiety, and improve the overall level of student mental health.
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Objective@#To analyze the association between sleep duration and social anxiety in Chinese children and adolescents to provide evidence for promoting healthy lifestyle and mental health in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 1 145 children and adolescents aged 7-16 were recruited by cluster random sampling in Beijing in 2020, and received a series of body measurements and questionnaire survey. Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the social anxiety symptoms and sleep duration of children and adolescents. T test was used to compare the differences of social anxiety level in different groups, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and social anxiety.@*Results@#The average score of social anxiety was (5.47±4.18). The social anxiety score of girls, participants aged 13-16, with insufficient physical activity and insufficient sleep duration were higher ( t =-4.34, -6.14, 3.35, 2.93, P < 0.05). The results of multivariate linear regression model showed that after adjusting confounding factors, social anxiety decreased by 0.78 for each additional hour of sleep duration ( β =-0.78, 95% CI =-1.03--0.54, P <0.01), with 0.60 in boys (95% CI = -0.95 --0.25), 0.90 in girls (95% CI =-1.24--0.56), 0.75 among participants aged 7-12 (95% CI =-1.11--0.40) and 0.76 among participants aged 13~16 (95% CI =-1.11--0.41)( P <0.01), respectively. Social anxiety among participants who were not over weight or obese decreased by 0.78(95% CI =-1.09--0.48) and 0.81 among overweight and obese group (95% CI =-1.22- -0.41 )( P <0.01) for each additional hour of sleep duration, respectively.@*Conclusion@#Substantial differences in social anxiety are observed in children and adolescents by gender, age group and nutritional status. Sufficient sleep duration is significantly related to the decrease of social anxiety, and improve the overall level of student mental health.
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Objective@#To analyze the trend of percentile changes in body composition among children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 by gender and age, and to provide a scientific basis for reference value.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 585 children and adolescents from September to December 2020. Use the GAMLSS to estimate the P 25 , P 50 and P 75 percentile value of gender, age specific body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass (FFM).@*Results@#In different age groups, body fat percentage of boys with normal nutritional status peaked at around 10-year old, among them, body fat percentage of 10-year old P 25 , P 50 and P 75 were 22.2%, 26.1% and 30.1%, respectively. Body fat percentage of obese boys was at a high level. Among girls, body fat percentage under different nutritional status did not change. With the increase of age, fat mass index plateaued slightly in normal and overweight boys. However, in obese boys, with the increase of age, FMI gradually increased with the increase of percentile, while the value of FMI gradually decreased in girls. Whether in boys or girls, with the increase of age, fat free mass index shows an increasing trend, and boys increase faster.@*Conclusion@#Under different nutritional status, there are differences in the percentile value of body fat percentage, fat mass index and fat free mass by gender and age, which can provide a scientific basis for reference value of body composition in children and adolescents.
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Objective@#To explore the association between growth patterns and blood pressure in children and adolescents with different nutritional status.@*Methods@#A total of 38 839 children and adolescents aged 6 to 8 years old were included in this study by stratified cluster sampling. The American Academy of Pediatrics 2017 Guideline was used to evaluate the blood pressure, the US 2000 CDC standard was used to determine different growth patterns, and the WHO Child and Adolescent Growth and Development Standard issued in 2007 was used to evaluate nutritional status. Variance analyses were used to compare the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and growth patterns by nutritional status, and χ 2 test was used to compare the difference of prevalence. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between growth patterns and blood pressure.@*Results@#The proportion of normal growth, catch up growth and catch down growth was 33.2%, 41.6% and 25.2%, respectively. Under different growth patterns, systolic blood pressure (105.17±12.33) mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (66.55±8.75) mm Hg of catch up growth were higher than those of normal growth and catch down growth. In overweight and obesity, the prevalence of hypertension (24.9%), high systolic blood pressure (18.9%) and high diastolic blood pressure (15.0%) in catch up growth were higher than those in normal growth and catch down growth ( P <0.05). The risk of catch up growth to hypertension was higher in overweight and obesity ( OR =1.18, 95% CI =1.06-1.31) than in normal children and adolescents ( OR =1.15, 95% CI =1.05-1.27).@*Conclusion@#In catch up growth children and adolescents, hypertension and high blood pressure are higher than normal growth and catch down growth. Overweight and obesity than normal children and adolescents have a higher risk of hypertension.
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Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is a common complication in patients with diabetes mellitus of long duration, presenting with recurrent nausea, vomiting, postprandial fullness and early satiety caused by delayed gastric emptying. The treatments of DGP include dietary therapy, nutritional support, glycemic control, use of prokinetic and antiemetic agents. This review focuses on current status of the drug treatment and the progress of new agents of DGF under the preclinical and clinical trials.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between one-child and low height level classification among children and adolescents, and the effects of fruits, vegetables and physical activities on this association, and to provide as cientific reference for probing into and improving the differences of their height level between one child and child with siblings.@*Methods@#Using stratified cluster sampling method, 93 primary and secondary schools in 7 provinces and cities in China were selected for physical examination and questionnaire surveys. A total of 40 978 primary and middle school students aged 7-17 were selected. A multilevel Logistic regression model was used to analyze.@*Results@#Univariate analysis found that being one-child was less likely to be classified as low height level(OR=0.63, 95%CI=0.58-0.67); the multilevel model also found that the probability that one-child being at low height level was still lower(OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.73-0.85), and daily vigorous-intensity physical activities ≥1 h (OR=0.92, 95%CI=0.85-0.99) and daily vegetables and fruits intake ≥5 servings (OR=0.83, 95%CI=0.75-0.92) could also reduce the probability of being at low height level. Hierarchical analysis found that when vegetables and fruits intake and physical activities time were sufficient, there was no longer a significant difference in the height level classification between one-child and child with siblings(P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Being one-child could be a protective factor for the height level classification of children and adolescents. Adequate intake of vegetables and fruits and time of vigorous-intensity physical activities could fill the gap of height level classification between of being one-child and child with siblings. Effective behavioral intervention measures should be taken to protect the healthy growth of height among children and adolescences.
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Objective@#To explore the association between breastfeeding and the type of obesity in children and adolescents, and to provide a theoretical basis for the identification and intervention of influential factors of different types of childhood obesity.@*Methods@#Using stratified cluster sampling method, 93 primary and secondary schools in 7 provinces and cities in China were selected for physical examination and questionnaire surveys. Totally, 30 437 primary and middle school students aged 7-17, with completed information, were selected. A multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between breastfeeding and different types of obesity.@*Results@#The breastfeeding rate of students was 69.8%. The rates of general obesity, simple abdominal obesity, and combined obesity in the breastfeeding group were 7.1%, 3.9%, and 18.7%, the non-breastfeeding group were 7.0%, 4.7%, and 19.5%. The differences were statistically significant(χ2=14.04,P<0.01). Univariate analysis found that breastfeeding significantly reduced the risk of simple abdominal obesity in children and adolescents(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.72-0.92,P<0.01) with normal(BMI non-overweight and obesity and waist <P90) as control group. After adjustment, breastfeeding could still significantly reduce the risk of simple abdominal obesity(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.67-0.86,P<0.01), and combined obesity(OR=0.93,95%CI=0.87-0.99,P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Breastfeeding is a protective factor for children with simple abdominal obesity and combined obesity, and the rate of breastfeeding in China should be further improved.
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Objective@#To understand the status of vision of Tibetan students aged 7-18 in China, and to provide the theoretical basis for prevention and controlling work of short-sightedness and making relevant policies.@*Methods@#Cross-sectional survey method was applied to collect information of the eyesight of 2 418 Tibetan students and that of gender, age and work-and-rest habit of 1 910 students, and the status of eyesight of Tibetan students was analyzed, and Logistic regression analysis method was used to probe into the influencing factors of eyesight.@*Results@#The mean left eye visual value was (4.75±0.33),and the median was 4.75(P25=4.5，P75=5.0). The mean right eye visual value was (4.74±0.33),and the median was 4.90(P25=4.5, P75=5.0). 1 520 students were detected with myopia, with the detection rate of 62.9%. The prevalence of myopia among Tibetan female students was higher than that of male (P<0.01). The detection rate of myopia was increased with age both in left and right eyes. Logistic regression model showed that students with insufficient physical education courses each week were associated with evaluated risk of myopia,compared with those with sufficient courses(OR=1.43, 95%CI=1.05-1.94, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of myopia among Tibetan students aged 7-18 years old is rather high, and females are worse than males, senior students were worse than junior students. After controlling for factors like grade and gender, insufficient physical education courses at school is a risk factor of myopia.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of arterial pressure continuous output (APCO) derived from stroke volume variation (SVV)-guided fluid management in the patients undergoing supratentorial neoplasms surgery.Methods Sixty-three patients (29 males, 34 females, aged 18-65 years, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ) undergoing elective supratentorial neoplasma surgery were randomly divided into control group (group C, CVP-guided fluid management, n=30) and GDT group (group S, SVV-guided fluid management, n=33).Before the induction of general anesthesia, the hydmxyethyl starch Voluven (130/0.4) bolus 3 ml/kg in the two groups was administered followed by infusion of crystalloid at the rate of physical requirement.Hydroxyethyl starch or vasoactive agents were administrated to achieve the goal of CVP≥8 mm Hg or MAP>80% of baseline in group C andto reach the value of SVV≤12% and MAP>70% of baselinein group S.Intraoperativecrystal, intraoperative colloids,total fluid volume, bleeding volume, volume of blood transfusion and urine volume were recorded.The radial artery and venous blood was sampled for blood gas analysis, measurement of lactate concentration and laboratory parameters at 30 min before anesthesia induction (T0), the dura mater cutted (T1), end of operation (T2) and postoperative 24 h (T3).Postoperative complications and the number of patients with complications in postoperative period, the length of ICU stay and postoperative days were assessed.Results Total infused fluid volume [(1 478±312) ml vs (1 183±294) ml] and intraoperative colloids [(775±236) ml vs (487±243) ml] were significantly higher in group S than those in group C (P<0.05).Compared with T0, the lactate concentration were decreased significantly in two groups at T1 and T2.The lactate concentration in group S was significantly lower than group C at T2 [(0.91±0.25) mmol/L vs (1.31±0.46) mmol/L](P<0.05).There was no significant difference of postoperative complications, the length of ICU stay and postoperative days between two groups.Conclusion Fluid management guided by SVV during supratentorial neoplasms surgery reduces lactate levels.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition support by CT-guided percutaneous gastrostomyon the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer complicated with dysphagia during radiotherapy.Methods:Therewere46 cases of esophageal cancer patients with dysphagia treated with CT-guided percutaneousgastrostomy.Others 43 cases of esophageal cancer by oral feeding in patients with dysphagia as control groupduringthe sametimein our hospital radiotherapy center.Patients in the observation group were ingested daily through the gastrostomy,and the nutritional intake of the control group included oral ingestion and intravenous infusion.All patients were measuredthe body height,body weight (BW).body mass index (BMI),Serum levels of serum albumin (ALB),pre-albumin (PA) and hemoglobin (HB) before and after radiotherapy.We also observed the incidence of acute radiation esophagitis and the completion of the treatment plan during radiotherapy in both groups,and to observe the two groups of patients the incidence rate of radiotherapy and treatment plan during the completion of acute radiation esophagitis.Results:There was no significant difference in BW,BMI,ALB,PA,HB before radiotherapy between the two groups (t =0.84,0.63,-1.07,-0.81,1.48,P ＞ 0.05).The BW,BMI,ALB,PA and HB of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the end of radiotherapy,which werestatistically significant (t=3.30,4.65,6.82,43.56,31.91,P ＜ 0.01).During the radiotherapy,the total incidence of acute radiation esophagitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,(x2=3.971,P＜ 0.05).In addition,the completion rate of the observationgroup was significantly higher than that of the control group (x2 =6.811,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:To the Patients with dysphagia of esophageal cancer,enteral nutrition byCT guided percutaneous gastrostomy,can improve the malnutrition,the immune function of the patients and reduce the acute radiation esophagitis during radiotherapy and ensure the successful completion of the treatment plan.
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Objective To provide a simple, convenient, and safe anesthesia method for the establishment of a M1 segment of middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rhesus monkey or other large laboratory animals.Method Twenty male rhesus monkeys weighing 7-11 kg (ages 7-9 years) from Academy of Military Medical Sciences were used in this study.Sumianxin injection combined with 0.1 mg/kg ketamine was given before endotracheal intubation (ID:4.5-5.5#).The animals were then transported to an interventional operation room, where the intravenous access was established and a urinary catheter was inserted into the urinary bladder.Mechanical ventilation was used during the surgery, propofol was continuously injected in a speed of 2-4 mg/kg/h, and Sumianxin-ketamine could be given if necessary to maintain adequate anesthesia depth.The dose was adjusted according to vital signs of the rhesus such as body movements, physiological parameters, and demand of surgery.Brain MRI examination was performed before and after thrombolysis.Anesthetic injection was suspended and the animals were allowed to have a spontaneous breathing every time before the MRI text.Heart rates, temperature, non-invasive blood pressure, and SpO2 were monitored during the whole surgery.Blood samples were taken from the radial artery for blood gas analysis after anesthesia induction and during operation.Results All the 20 animals underwent the operation successfully, no animal had restlessness, respiratory depression, arrhythmia and other serious complications.At the end of the study, animals awake soon.Fifteen of them survived longer than 24 hours, only 5 died from serious cerebral hemorrhage and larger cerebral infarction.Conclusions General endotracheal anesthesia is safe for rhesus monkeys during such interventional operation and MRI examination.
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BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nails and locking plates are widely used for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Which is better for two types of implants in patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical outcome of intramedul ary nails versus locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture according to Cochrane Meta analysis. METHODS:We searched PubMed, SCI, Embase, the Cochranel Library and CBMdisc, VIP information, Wanfang Database, and CNKI for randomized control ed trials and quasi-randomized control ed trials on intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative complications (heterotopic ossification, pain, screw penetration, necrosis of humeral head), and Constant Score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Six articles of clinical control ed trials were included with 259 patients. 131 patients received intramedul ary nails, and 128 patients received locking plates. Meta-analysis displayed that no significant difference in fracture healing time, heterotopic ossification, pain, necrosis of humeral head and Constant Score was detected between intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and screw penetration were significantly less in the fixation with intramedul ary nails than that in locking plates (P<0.05). These findings suggested that compared with locking plates, intramedul ary nails method for two-part proximal humerus fractures could reduce screw penetration.
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Objective To investigate the role and potential molecular mechanism of the radiosensitivity of esophagus cancer cells.Methods miR-141 mimics or its negative control was transfected into esophagus cancercells KYSE-150,respectively.Radiosensitivity of esophagus cancer cells was determined by CCK-8,flow cytometry and colony formation assay.The expression level of miR-141 was determined by qRT-PCR.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of proliferation-related protein Ki67 and apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2.Results After radiation,the expression of miR-141 was decreased in KYSE-150 cells in a dose-dependent manner (t =2.57-8.96,P ＜ 0.05).Upregulation of miR-141 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation and promoted apoptosis,indicating that overexpression of miR-141 enhanced the radiosensitivity of KYSE-150 cells(t =3.24,P ＜0.05).In addition,the miR-141 mimic significantly reduced the expressions of Ki67 and Bcl-2 protein (t =6.56,8.24,P ＜ 0.01) and inhibited the expression of Bax protein compared with miR-control group (t =3.24,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Over-expression of miR-141 enhances the radiosensitivity of esophagus cancer cells by regulating the expressions of proliferation-related protein Ki67 and apoptosisrelated proteins Bax and Bcl-2.
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Objective To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of creatinine-correctedsarcosine in urine for the prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.Methods It performed the method establishment and evaluation in this study.Random unrine samples were collected from 36 subjects with prostate cancer, 15 subjects with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 76 healthy people receiving medical examination.Urine samples mixed with [ 2 H3 ]-labeled sarcosine were treated by precolumn derivation using dansyl chloride, then analyzed by LC-MS/MSsystem in multiple reaction monitor ( MRM) mode.Sarcosine and creatinine were quantified by the isotope internal standard method and the standard curve was employed with a series of calibration.The limit of detection, precision and recovery were also evaluated in this study.The results of this methodology were compared with those of the enzymatic method.Results Sarcosine could be distinguished against its isomers completely. The linear equation of sarcosine was Y=2.045 6X+0.068 9, R2 =0.994.The limit of detection and limit of quantity were 8 ng/ml and 25 ng/ml respectively.The intraassay and interassay coefficients of variation were both below 6%.The recovery ratio of sarcosine ranged from 96.8%to 105.1%.The results from the ID-LC-MS method correlated with those from enzymatic method (R2 =0.815, P <0.01).Compared to enzymatic method, the average bias of sarcosine was -37.1%.Conclusions It established a LC-MS method for urinary sarcosine quantification with good specificity, sensitivity and repeatability.This method can provide a reliable platform for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between the expression of angiogenic factors (MVD, IGF-1, and STAT3) in colorectal carcinoma and adenoma and the microvascular characteristics under narrow band imaging (NBI), in order to evaluate the fea-sibility of NBI in real-time observation of angiogenesis. Methods:Patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal polyps were re-cruited and examined by NBI. Vascular patterns were classified into typeⅠ(invisible or faintly visible), typeⅡ(clearly visible and regularly arranged in a round, oval honeycomb-like pattern), and typeⅢ(clearly visible and irregularly arranged in terms of size and caliber or irregularly winded). Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expression of CD34, IGF-1, and STAT3. Histological results were compared with the vascular patterns under NBI. Results:The NBI endoscopy results of 64 sites (15 adenocar-cinomas, 29 adenomas, and 20 normal tissues) from 58 patients were introduced and examined in this study. Adenomas ranked the first (82.1%, 23/28) among the vascular patternⅡcases, whereas early adenocarcinomas dominated the vascular patternⅢcases (66.7%, 10/15). The expression levels of MVD-CD34 and IGF-1 in normal mucosa, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas were significantly differ-ent (P<0.0001 and P=0.0062, respectively). All the expression levels of MVD-CD34, IGF-1, and STAT3 in sites displaying vascular pat-ternsⅠ,Ⅱ, andⅢwere significantly different (P<0.0001, P=0.0010, and P=0.0055, respectively). Spearman correlation coefficients between the NBI vascular patterns and the MVD-CD34, IGF-1, and STAT3 expression levels were 0.67, 0.41, and 0.40, respectively. Conclusion:Vascular pattern analysis through an NBI system can be a promising tool to evaluate angiogenesis of colorectal lesions in real-time endoscopic observation.
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Objective To explore the effects of up-and down-regulation of Cox-2 expression on the growth and radiation sensitivity of human esophageal cancer EC9706 xenograft in nude mice.Methods Cox-2 specific siRNA and Cox-2 gene eukaryotic expression vector were constructed and transfected to esophageal cancer cells EC9706, and the stable transfected cell lines were obtained by the method of G418 screening.The expressions of Cox-2 mRNA and its protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.The inhibitory effects of Cox-2 regulation combined with X-ray irradiation on cancer cell growth were detected by the nude mouse xenograft assay.Results Cox-2 gene expression was significantly decreased in the Cox-2 down-regulated group and increased in the Cox-2 up-regulated group.Compared with the control group without gene transfer, the average volumes of EC9706 xenograft tumor in the Cox-2 up-and down-regulated group significantly decreased (F =34.26, P ＜ 0.05) and increased (F =26.38, P ＜ 0.05) , respectively.After 20 Gy X-ray irradiation, the average volume of xenograft was significantly reduced in the Cox-2 down-regulated group (F =16.35, P ＜ 0.05) , but it had no significantly changes in the Cox-2 up-regulated group.Conclusions Down-regulation of Cox-2 expression inhibits the growth of human esophageal cancer EC9706 xenograft in a nude mice and increases cell radiation sensitivity, but upregulation of Cox-2 expression makes tumor cells to become radioresistant.