ABSTRACT
Ribavirin is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent and glycyrrhizin has activities of anti-inflammation, immunoregulation and anti-viral infections. To enhance antiviral efficacy and weaken side-effects of ribavirin, antiviral effects of the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin were studied in the present study. Firstly, a mouse model of viral pneumonia was established by inoculation of influenza H1N1 virus. Protective effects of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin used alone or in combination against H1N1 virus infection in mice were evaluated based on the survival rate, lung index and virus titer in lungs of mice. Results showed that the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin significantly inhibited the lung consolidation with a 36% inhibition ratio on the lung swell of infected mice. The combination of the two drugs exhibited synergetic effects on survival of infected mice. The combination of 50 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) glycyrrhizin and 40 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) ribavirin resulted a 100% protection for infected mice with a synergetic value of 36, which was significantly higher than the control group and each drug alone. This combination also resulted a significant drop of lung virus titer (P < 0.01), as well as inhibition on the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P < 0.01), TNF-α (P < 0.01) and IL-1β (P < 0.05) induced by virus infection compared to the control. The treatment of ribavirin plus glycyrrhizin was more effective in influenza A infection in mice than either compound used alone, which suggested a potential clinical value of the combination of the two agents.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Antiviral Agents , Pharmacology , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Synergism , Drug Therapy, Combination , Glycyrrhizic Acid , Pharmacology , Inflammation , Allergy and Immunology , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Interleukin-1beta , Allergy and Immunology , Interleukin-6 , Allergy and Immunology , Lung , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Orthomyxoviridae Infections , Drug Therapy , Pneumonia, Viral , Drug Therapy , Ribavirin , Pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Several kinds of column chromatography methods were used to investigate the chemical constituents of roots of Polygonum multiflorum. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified based on their physicochemical properties, spectral data and chemical methods. A new chromone glycoside was isolated and its structure was identified as (S)-2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl7-hydroxychromone-7-0-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1).
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Glycosides , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Polygonum , ChemistryABSTRACT
Fourteen compounds were obtained from Glechoma longituba by the chromatographic methods of silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative of HPLC. According to physicochemical properties and spectral data, these compounds were identified as stilbostemin B (1), trilepisiumic acid (2), 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol ketone (3), bergeninmonohydrate (4), oresbiusin A (5), norbergenin (6), stilbostemin D (7), ehretioside B (8), ethyl ferulate (9), E-p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid (10), methyl gallate (11), protocatechuic acid (12), 4'-Hydroxyacetophenone (13), and E-3-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-acrylic acid (14). Among them, compounds 1-10, 13 and 14 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Lamiaceae , Chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
Several kinds of column chromatography method were used to investigate the chemical constituents of the leaves of Lophatherum gracile. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified based on their physicochemical properties and spectral data. A new flavone C-glycoside was isolated and its structure was identified as 3'-methoxyl-luteolin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosiduronic acid (1 --> 2) -alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (1).
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents , Chemistry , Flavones , Chemistry , Glycosides , Chemistry , Hydrolysis , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Poaceae , ChemistryABSTRACT
Chemical constituents of the roots of Ficus stenophylla were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were elucidated based on physicochemical and spectral data. Five compounds were identified as methyl 3-(6-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl) propanoate (1), kaemferol (2), kampferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (3), quercetin (4) and tricin (5), separately. Compound 1 is a new phenylpropionic acid derivatives. All compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Subject(s)
Benzofurans , Chemistry , Ficus , Chemistry , Flavonoids , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Methods , Plant Extracts , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Propionates , Chemistry , QuercetinABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Serissa serissoides.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Chemical constituents were isolated with the column chromatographic methods including silica gel and sephadex LH -20, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral and chemical evidences.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eight compounds were obtained and were identified as: palmitic acid (1), corosolic acid (2), daucosterol (3), urs-12-en-28-ol (4), oleanolic acid (5), uroslic acid (6), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (7), and 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (8).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Except compound 5, other seven compounds were found from the genus Serissa for the first time.</p>
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gel , Methods , Palmitic Acid , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Rubiaceae , Chemistry , Sitosterols , Chemistry , Triterpenes , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the antiviral constituents in the stems and leaves of Pithecellibium clypearia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents of P. clypearia were systematically separated with various chromatographic techniques in combination with antiviral activity monitoring. Their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical properties and spectral data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Six compounds were isolated from P. clypearia and were identified as: tricetiflavan (5, 7, 3', 4', 5'-pentahydroxylflavan) (1), myricitrin (myricetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside) (2), quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside) (3), quereetin (4), methyl gallate (5) and gallic acid (6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 1 approximately 5 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Compound 4 was found to show an obvious anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity.</p>