ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the characteristics of infection in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), risk factors of serious infection, and their correlation with curative effect.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 92 newly diagnosed MDS patients with nosocomial infection from January 2016 to June 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 306 courses of treatment were completed in 92 newly diagnosed MDS patients. The infection rate was the highest in the first course of treatment (84.8%, 78/92), and then decreased gradually. The top three infection sites were lung, upper respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. A total of 90 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which 33.4% (30/90) were gram-negative bacilli, 23.3% (21/90) were gram-positive cocci, 23.3% (21/90) were fungi, and 20.0% (18/90) were viruses. The serious infection rate among 92 patients with MDS was 22.8% (21/92). Multivariate analysis showed that neutrophil deficiency>7 days (OR=10.875, 95%CI: 2.747-43.051, P=0.001) was an independent risk factor for serious infection in MDS patients. Compared with non-severe infection group, the total effective rate of severe infection group was lower (90.9% vs 63.6%, χ2=4.393, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The infection rate of MDS patients is high in the first course of treatment, and the most common infection site is the lung. Gram-negative bacteria is the most common pathogen. MDS patients with neutrophil deficiency>7 days have a high risk of serious infection and poor efficacy.