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Objective:To evaluate the effect of mixed reality (MR) in the standardized resident training on oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumor surgery.Methods:Twenty resident doctors, who received standardized training in the department of maxillofacial oncology of our hospital, were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The MR teaching method was used in the experimental group, while the traditional teaching method was used in the control group. The teaching effect was evaluated by theoretical and operational tests and a questionnaire survey. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 24.0 software. Statistical comparisons were performed by the Students' t-test or the Wilcoxon rank correlation test. Results:The theoretical test results showed that the scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (85.30±3.59 vs. 80.20±5.63, t = 2.41, P = 0.027). The operational test results showed that the scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (89.20±5.07 vs. 82.30±6.36, t = 2.68, P = 0.015). The questionnaire survey results showed that the MR teaching helped to easily acquire the knowledge of head and neck anatomy and operation skills. Besides, the doctors in the experimental group were more active and glad to communicate with others than those in the control group. In addition, the MR teaching method improved the learning interest of doctors. The doctors in the experimental group were more satisfied with the teaching effect than those in the control group, and they recommended that the MR teaching method be used in clinical training and teaching on oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumor surgery. Conclusion:MR teaching can help doctors understand and master the knowledge of head and neck anatomy and operation skills and improve their learning interest, achieving a good teaching effect, so it has important application value in the standardized resident training on oral and maxillofacial-head and neck tumor surgery.
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Objective:To explore the mechanism of the embolism and sclerotherapy of fibrin glue combined with bleomycin (FG/BLM) for the treatment of cervicofacial vascular malformations by color doppler ultrasound.Methods:10 patients with venous malformation(VM) and 10 patients with arterio-venous malformation(AVM) were included.All patients underwent embolism and sclerotherapy of FG/BLM guided by ultrasound.Color doppler ultrasound was used to record the real-time two-dimensional ultrasonography and color doppler image.The flow and distribution of FG/BLM after injection into the lesions were observed.Results:Two-dimensional ultrasonography showed clumps or flake strong echo after immediate injection of FG/BLM into the cavity of VMs,then floated in the abnormal venous lumen and diffused throughout the cavity.At the later stage the lesions were filled by a large number of flocculent and netted low echo,and patchy strong echo.The volume of VMs cavity expanded dramaticlly,and the blood flow signal was significantly decreased.After injection of FG/BLM into the lumen of AVMs,clumps or flake strong echo were observed,then most of the snowflake strong echo rapidly filled or scattered along with blood stream to the distal part of the vessels.The color doppler showed significantly decrease of blood flow signal.Conclusion:FG/BLM injection can embolize and block the draining vein of VM,and play a role on the storage of sclerozing agent.FG/BLM injection can embolize both the dilated blood vessels and capillary network of AVM.
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Objective To investigate the effects of breviscapine injection on intestinal injury induced by intestine ischemia-reperfusion(IIR). Methods 48 males SD rats with 8-week old were randomly divided into 4 groups:Sham,intestine ischemia-reperfusion(IIR),EB+IIR,TP+IIR. Breviscapine injection 20 mg/(kg·d) was given intraperitoneally in EB + IIR group. TPCA-1(12 mg/kg)was given intravenously 30 min before surgery in TP+IIR group. Rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion consisting of 45 min of ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion;sham laparotomy served as controls. Intestine pathology was assayed by H&E staining. Con-centrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in intestinal mucosa were determined by ELISA. The protein expressions of IκB-α,NF-κB ,ICAM-1of intestine tissue were assayed by western blot. Results IIR induced serious intesti-nal injury ,evidenced as poor intestine pathology ,elevation of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels in intestinal mu- cosa,accompanied with IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1 pathway activation. However,breviscapine injection pretreatment could inhibit IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1 pathway activation,leading to reduction of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 concen-trations in lung,finally attenuate ALI induced by IIR. Conclusion Breviscapine injection pretreatment could atten-uate inflammation in intestine after IIR injury via inhibiting IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1signaling pathway.
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Objective To investigate the effects of breviscapine injection on intestinal injury induced by intestine ischemia-reperfusion(IIR). Methods 48 males SD rats with 8-week old were randomly divided into 4 groups:Sham,intestine ischemia-reperfusion(IIR),EB+IIR,TP+IIR. Breviscapine injection 20 mg/(kg·d) was given intraperitoneally in EB + IIR group. TPCA-1(12 mg/kg)was given intravenously 30 min before surgery in TP+IIR group. Rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion consisting of 45 min of ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion;sham laparotomy served as controls. Intestine pathology was assayed by H&E staining. Con-centrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in intestinal mucosa were determined by ELISA. The protein expressions of IκB-α,NF-κB ,ICAM-1of intestine tissue were assayed by western blot. Results IIR induced serious intesti-nal injury ,evidenced as poor intestine pathology ,elevation of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels in intestinal mu- cosa,accompanied with IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1 pathway activation. However,breviscapine injection pretreatment could inhibit IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1 pathway activation,leading to reduction of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 concen-trations in lung,finally attenuate ALI induced by IIR. Conclusion Breviscapine injection pretreatment could atten-uate inflammation in intestine after IIR injury via inhibiting IκB-α/NF-κB/ICAM-1signaling pathway.
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OBJECTIVE To study the effect of K252a on the chemotactic growth of Schwann Cell to salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell in vitro co-culture METHODS Co-culture of sciatic nerve blocked by K252a with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell was regarded as experimental group. Co-culture of sciatic nerve with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell was chosen as control group RESULTS In contrast to control group , the promotion growth and chemotactic growth of Schwann cell was blocked by K252a (P
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Objective:To summarize the experience in clinical diagno sis of lymphonode reactive hyperplasia (LRH). Methonds: 39 cases with the final pathological diagnosis of lymphonode reactive hyperplasia were retrospectively reviewed.Results: 39 patients had th e incidence at the age of 7～61 years old and the medical history of 14 days ～8 years.The patients consulted doctors because of unilateral or bilateral painles s masses in the superior neck and low fever.32 of them underwent repeated antib iotics treatment.On admission 9 cases were diagnosed with lymphoma,6 tuberculos is,6 inflammation of lymph node and 18 were without identified diagnosis.The f inal pathological diagnoses of all the 39 cases was LRH.Antibiotic treatment wa s effective in the patients.Conclusion:LRH was usually mis diagnosed as other diseases.Swelling of lymph nodes in superior neck with low fe ver is the main symptom of LRH.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of open-mouth jaw plate in the treatment of condylar fracture in children. Method: Open-mouth plates in the height of 2～3 cm were respectively made in op e n-mouth position for 12 children aged 3～6 years old with condylar fractures an d used by the children with the help of doctors or parents for 3～6 months.Follo w -up was carried out by clinical observation and X-ray radiograph.Re sults: Satisfactory results were obtained in all the patients examine d by clinical observation and X-ray radiograph. Conclusion: The method of open-mouth plate is effective in the treatment of condylar f racture in children.
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砄bjective: To study the cause,clinical characteristics and treatment of zygomatic complex fractres(ZCF). Methods: Medical records of 79 cases with ZCF and followed up for 3 months to 2 years were reviwed and analysed. Reduction and cosmatic outcome were assessed by clinical evaluation and postoperative images. Results: Of the 79 patients, 87.3% were male, with the peak incidence in the age group from 20 to 40 years old(73.5%). 58.2% were due to traffic accidents, 15.2% to assalts. Incidence of malar asymmetry, enophthalmos, diplopia,limited mandiblar movement and malocclusion were 83.5%,24.1%,19.0%, 60.8% and 35.4% respectively. Of the nerve disturbances, 41.8% of the infraorbital and 13.9% of the facial nerve were involved. For the treatment the most freqently used approach was the coronal incision in combination with the maxillary vestibular incision(30.4%), followed by coronal incision alone(22.8%). 40.5% of the patients were treated by rigid internal fixation with titanium miniplates alone or combined with wire fixition(20.3%). All patients but five regained satisfactary facial appearance. Three patients still showed slightly post surgical enophthalmos and diplopia at a 6 month follow up. All of the patients with malocclusion regained their functional occlusion after treatment. Conclsions:A variety of techniques can be used in the treatment of ZCF. Among them the coronal incision in combination with other incisions or alone and rigid internal fixation can produce a satisfactary outcome.
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800 ng/L) and elevated NO content were enrolled to study the efficacy of treatment with a combination of drugs for heat- reducing, purgation, resolving and tonification for 6 months to 2 years. The symptoms and signs were markedly ameliorated: the level of GPT, GOT, globulin, albumin and bilirubin contents restored to normal level. In B -ultrasonographic examination, a decrease the width of the portal vein and the spleen was found in 50% of the patients. The authors concluded that the combined use of drugs for heat- reducing, purgation, resolving and tonification was effective in treating hyperhyaluronemia due to liver cirrhosis. The ingredient rhemannia root may play the key role in its actions of expelling toxic materials, normalizing the functions of the viscera and discharge of bile, and removing the stagnated heat.