ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in India in the 21st Century, affecting 5% of the country’s population. Childhood obesity is an emerging problem in urban Indian children and increase in childhood overweight and obesity may be a major contributor to adult obesity epidemic. Hence present study has been planned with the objective to study and compare the prevalence of obesity in government and private schools and also to study the risk factors associated with obesity. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was carried out among 718 school children of randomly selected government and private schools of Hyderabad city. Students were enquired about their physical activity and dietary habits as per the questionnaire. Anthropometry measurements like height and weight were recorded for each student. Data was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Prevalence of obesity was found to be 21.09% among private school children and 19% in government school children. Physical activity factors like conveyance to school and less frequency of outdoor games were significantly associated with obesity. Diet related determinants like intake of soft drinks, sweets, pizza, fruits were found to be associated with obesity. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the prevalence of obesity in schools of Hyderabad is very high and it is positively associated with inappropriate exercise and improper dietary practices.
ABSTRACT
Background: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder, affecting approximately 4 – 8% of women in the reproductive age group. First degree relatives (FDRs) of women with PCOS are at high risk developing endocrine and metabolic co-morbidities of PCOS such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and impaired insulin sensitivity, hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MBS). Present study was conducted with the objectives to evaluate the risk of metabolic syndrome in FDRs of women with PCOS and to compare the risk of metabolic syndrome in FDRs of women with PCOS with age, sex and relation matched FDRs of women with no PCOS. To give suitable recommendations based on the findings of the study. Methods: Hospital based cross sectional analytical study was carried out. 50 FDRs of women with PCOS were compared against same number of age, sex and relation matched FDRs of women with no PCOS. Results: The prevalence of MBS was significantly higher i.e. 34% among FDRsPCOS compared to FDRsControls (8%) (p < 0.05). The FDRsPCOS were 5.92 times more at risk of MBS than FDRsControls (p < 0.05). Relation wise it was found that the fatherPCOS and motherPCOS were 1.5 times at risk, brotherPCOS were 14.26 and sisterPCOS were 12.43 times at risk of MBS than their counterparts. Conclusions: Thus it is concluded that the FDRsPCOS are at high risk of MBS than FDRsControls.