ABSTRACT
An unregistered case of a 27-year-old multipara with 8 years married life was admitted on 3/11/09 at 10.30 pm with complaints of tightness of abdomen, backache and draining per vagina and delivered a fetus of 19 weeks in cephalic presentation with omphalocele (i.e., stomach, liver, bowel and bladder protruding into the proximal part of umbilical cord) on 5/11/09 at 9.00 pm at Sameena Maternity and Nursing Home, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.
ABSTRACT
Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) continues to be a common opportunistic infection in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and is predictive of increasing immunosuppression. Though Candida albicans remains the predominant isolate, a rise in the frequency of isolation of non-albicans Candida (NAC) species is being observed. The levels of virulence and the sensitivities to available antifungal drugs vary among these species. Of 340 HIV seropositive patients in this study, 132 (38.8%) had oral lesions suggestive of candidiasis. Samples were collected from the lesion using sterile cotton swabs. Isolation and speciation were done by standard techniques. Antifungal drug susceptibility testing was done by macro broth dilution. The total number of Candida isolates was 135, of which, 45 (33.3%) were NAC species and 90 were C.albicans (66.6%). Of the NAC species, C. dubliniensis was the predominant pathogen (22,48.9%). Antifungal susceptibility testing showed that 14 (31.1%) of the NAC species and 11 (12.2%) of C. albicans were resistant to fluconazole (MIC > 8 microg/ml). A very high MIC of > 32 microg/ml was noted among the NAC species resistant to fluconazole.