ABSTRACT
This study was designed to evaluate the volumetric reduction and the histologic changes of the soft palate after coblation [cold ablation] technology in experimental animals. Sixty male rabbits were included in the study divided into 3 groups: group [A], group [B] and group [C]. Each group included 10 control and 10 study animals. Exposure of the soft palate to coblation was done in study animals of the 3 groups submucosaly at 3 sites, one at midportion and 2 at lateral sides of the soft palate for one minute duration in each site. The control animals of the 3 groups were left without any interference. The animals of group A. B and C were studied 1 month, 2 months and 3 months respectively. The soft palate of each rabbit was dissected and volume was calculated. Specimens of soft palate of both control and study animals were examined by electron microscopic study. Died animals were excluded from this study. The comparison of the mean volume of soft palate in the study groups showed gradual increased reduction with time as it was more after 3 months [group C] than 2 months [group B] and 1 month [group A]. This result was confirmed by electron microscopic study as there was an increase in the amount of collagen fibers in the subepithelial layer gradually in study groups which was mild, moderate and marked in group A. B and C respectively. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were detected more in the epithelial layer of study group [A] than group [B] this means degenerative changes which is reversible as it was decreased by time and disappeared in group [C]. There is no effect on the mucosal glands of the epithelium or underlying muscles. The only histological difference between study and control groups was the increased amount of collagen fibers in the subepithelial layer. Coblation technology could be considered an effective technology for the reduction of the size of soft palate. It is safe, not painful and not invasive as it maintain the normal histology of the soft palate
ABSTRACT
Certain genes may be involved in suppressing metastatic or aggressive tumour behaviour, the non metastatic gene [NM 23H1] is one gene that has been showen to posses metastatic suppressing activity. The expression of NM 23 H1 gene protein was investigated in 60 patients with laryngeal lesions. The patients were divided into 2 groups:-Group [1] 40 cases with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma [21 cases of them with lymph nodes] and Group [2] 20 cases with laryngeal polyps as control group. The immunoreactivity of NM 23 H1 gene protein was assessed according to both pattern and intensity of immunostaining and the correlation of this immunoreactivity with clinicopathological parameters including grade of differentiation, incidence of Lymph node metastasis and the disease recurrence and/or distant metastasis. The immunoreactivity in the metastatic lymph nodes was investigated and ed with their primary tumours, Results of the study showed that most tumours and polyps expressed NM 23 H1 gene but high expression found in [55%] of laryngeal tumours [22 cases], while [45%] of cases [18 cases] showed reduced expression. Ten metastatic lymph nodes showed reduced expression and 1 with high expression from 11 cases of primary laryngeal tumours that had reduced expression, while 5 metastatic lymph nodes showed reduced expression and 5 showed high expression from 10 cases of primary laryngeal tumours that had high expression of NM 23 H1 gene product. Gene expression is inversely correlates with grade of differentiation. Primary tumours with high expression showed less distant metastasis whilst those with low expression reveald more aggressive behavior. From these data we concluded that the NM23 H1 gene may play a role in distant metastasis and/or disease recurrence and so could be used as a prognostic factor for metastatic in laryngeal carcinoma