Etiological analysis of virus in children with respiratory tract infection during spring in Shenyang regions / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the distribution of respiratory viruses in the throat swabs from children with respiratory tract infection in Shenyang and provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases. Methods A total of 756 children with respiratory tract infection who were admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in Shenyang from February 2018 to May 2018 were enrolled in this study. The antigens of influenza virus A ( INF￣A),influenza virus B ( INF￣B),adenovirus (ADV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),and parainfluenza virus types I,Ⅱ,andⅢ(PIV￣Ⅰ,PIV￣Ⅱand PIV￣Ⅲ) in nasopharyngeal swabs were detected by direct immunofluorescence. Results Of all the 756 throat swabs from hospitalized children,214 ( 28. 31%) had positive virus detection results. RSV ( 11. 38%) had the highest detection rate in single￣positive cases,accounting for 47. 78% of single positive cases. In mixed virus infection,RSV combined with other viral infections accounted for 73. 53% of mixed virus infections, and RSV was the main pathogen found in the study population. Analysis of the detection rate of virus infection re￣lated with age and gender showed that the younger the age,the higher the detection rate(χ2 ＝14. 216,P＝0. 007). The detection rate of patients younger than 6 months was 39. 73% and RSV was the mostly detected pathogen (75. 86%). The detection rate of male patients was 30. 07%,which was higher than that of female patients with 25. 99%(χ2 ＝3. 982,P＝0. 046),and RSV infection and mixed infection were the major. There was no significant difference in virus detection rates between patients with different clinical diagnoses. Conclusion RSV is the main pathogen during spring from February 2018 to May 2018 in Shenyang. The virus detection rate of patients younger than 6 months is higher and RSV is the mostly detected pathogen.

Analysis of human papillomavirus infection characteristics and genotypes in Shenyang area of Liaoning province / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection characteristics and genotypes in Shenyang area of Liaoning province.@*Methods@#HPV genes were detected in cervical exfoliated cells from 55, 548 patients by amplification and diversion hybridization.@*Results@#A total of 9, 566 patients were positive for HPV infection with a positive rate of 17.22%. Additionally, the positive rate of high risk HPV infection was 14.57% and the positive rate of single genotype HPV infection was 13.63%. Totally, 12, 360 HPV viruses were detected. Among them, 10, 879 HPV viruses were classified into high risk genotypes (10, 879 out of 12, 360, 88.02%). The genotypes in women with ages less than 20 were 16/11/6/51/58/52 genotypes; the susceptible HPV genotypes in other women were 16/58/52/53/39/51/81 genotypes.@*Conclusions@#HPV infections in Shenyang are mainly infections with high risk viruses and single infection. The infection rate and genotype distribution of HPV are different in different age groups. More suitable HPV vaccine prophylaxis can be taken according to the epidemic characteristics of HPV in this area.

Application of convolute manipulation for the treatment of femoral fractures in children / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the application of convoluted manipulation in pediatric femoral fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2015 to October 2016, 12 children with femoral fractures were treated by Chinese traditional manipulation including 8 males and 4 females with an average age of 6 years old ranging from 1 to 12 years old. The causes of injury were falls in 10 cases and traffic accidents in 2 cases. Of which 1 case was transverse fractures, 4 cases were oblique fractures and 4 cases were spiral fractures, 2 cases were comminuted fracture, 1 case was greenstick fracture. All patients underwent manual reduction within 1 to 2 days, plus small splint with cedar bark, and parallel lower limb traction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 12 patients were followed up for 1-3 months, with an average of 2 months. All the 12 patients achieved clinical union, and the average healing time was 6 weeks. There was no obvious shortening and rotational angulation. At the last follow-up, Schatzker-Lambert distal femoral fracture evaluation results were excellent in 11 cases, good in 1 case.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Convoluted manipulation is very important for reduction of femoral fractures in children, with the splint of cedar bark, satisfactory therapeutic effect can be achieved.</p>

Icariin protects SH-SY5Y cells from formaldehyde-induced injury through suppression of Tau phosphorylation / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the neuroprotective effects of icariin on formaldehyde (FA)-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and the possible mechanisms involved.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SH-SY5Y cells were divided into FA treatment group, FA treatment group with icariin, and the control group. Cell viability, apoptosis, and morphological changes were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK 8), flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy, respectively. The phosphorylation of Tau protein was examined by western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FA showed a half lethal dose (LD50) of 0.3 mmol/L in SH-SY5Y cells under the experimental conditions. Icariin (1-10 µmol/L) prevented FA-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells in a dose-dependent manner, with the optimal effect observed at 5 µmol/L. After FA treatment, the absorbance in FA group was 1.31±0.05, while in the group of icariin (5 µmol/L) was 1.63±0.05. Examination of cell morphology by confocal microscopy demonstrated that 5 µmol/L icariin significantly attenuated FA-induced cell injury (P <0.05). Additionally, Icariin inhibited FA-induced cell apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Results from western blotting showed that icariin suppressed FA-induced phosphorylation at Thr 181 and Ser 396 of Tau protein, while having no effect on the expression of the total Tau protein level. Furthermore, FA activated Tau kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) by enhancement of Y216 phosphorylation, but icariin reduced Y216 phosphorylation and increased Ser 9 phosphorylation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Icariin protects SH-SY5Y cells from FA-induced injury poßsibly through the inhibition of GSK-3β-mediated Tau phosphorylation.</p>

Leptin regulates keratin 17 expression in HaCaT human keratinocytes / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of leptin on K17 expression in HaCaT human keratinocytes.Methods Some cultured HaCaT cells were treated with leptin (100 ng/ml) or remained untreated for 24 hours followed by the quantification of K17 mRNA expression by real-time PCR and detection of K17 protein expression by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining.To investigate the action mechanism of leptin,some cultured HaCaT cells were divided into several groups to be treated with leptin (100 ng/ml) alone,Piceatannol (an inhibitor of the STAT3 pathway) + leptin (100 ng/ml),PD-98059 (an inhibitor of the Erk1/2 pathway) + leptin (100 ng/ml),respectively for 24 hours,with the cells receiving no treatment as the negative control.Subsequently,the mRNA and protein expressions of K17 were measured by the above methods.Statistical analysis was done by the two-sample ttest.Results The mRNA expression of K17 was significantly higher in HaCaT cells treated with leptin alone than in those remaining untreated (3.086 7 ± 0.186 1 vs.1.000 0 ± 0.000 0,P ＜ 0.01),but significantly downregulated in HaCaT cells treated with Piceatannol + leptin and those with PD-98059 + leptin compared with those treated leptin alone (0.674 1 ± 0.060 0 and 0.855 0 ± 0.390 3 vs.2.242 7 ± 0.188 7,both P ＜ 0.01).The results of Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were in agreement with those of real-time PCR.Conclusions Leptin can induce K17 expression in HaCaT cells,likely by activating the STAT3 and Erk1/2 signaling pathways.

Inhibitory effect of Rab23 on the proliferation of a squamous cell carcinoma cell line Sa3 and its mechanisms / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of Rab23 on the proliferation of a squamous cell carcinoma cell line Sa3,and to investigate its mechanisms.Methods Cultured Sa3 cells were classified into four groups:normal control group transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP),Rab23-overexpressing group transfected with a GFP-labelled Rab23-overexpressing plasmid,Rab23-silencing group transfected with a plasmid carrying a Rab23-targeting shRNA,empty vector group transfected with an empty vector.After additional culture for different durations,plate colony formation assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the proliferative activity of Sa3 cells,and Western blot was conducted to detect the expression of Erl/phosphorylated-Erk in Sa3 cells.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test.Results Stable Sa3 cell lines with overexpression or silencing of Rab23 were established by plasmid construction and lentivirus-mediated transfection.The plate colony formation assay showed that the colony formation rate was significantly lower in the Rab23-overexpressing group than in the normal control group (2.3％ ± 0.2％ vs.3.6％ ± 0.3％,P ＜ 0.05),but higher in the Rab23-silencing group than in the empty vector group (4.1％ ± 0.2％ vs.1.8％ ± 0.03％,P ＜ 0.01).Rab23 overexpression induced G1 phase arrest in Sa3 cells.The proliferation index was significantly decreased in the Rab23-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group (0.581 ± 0.035 vs.0.698 ± 0.018,P ＜ 0.05),but increased in the Rab23-silencing group compared with the empty vector group (0.567 ± 0.015 vs.0.444 ± 0.014,P ＜ 0.01).As Western blot showed,there were no significant changes in the expression of Erk in the Rab23-silencing or-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group,whereas the expression of p-Erk was attenuated in the Rab23-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group,but enhanced in the Rab23-silencing group compared with the empty vector group.Conclusions Rab23 could inhibit the proliferation of Sa3 cells,which may be associated with the Erk pathway.

Oral tadalafil on alternate days for erectile dysfunction that fails to respond to on-demand sildenafil: a report of 15 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To sum up the experience in administering oral tadalafil on alternate days for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) that fails to respond to on-demand medication.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 15 cases of ED treated with oral tadalafil on alternate days from September 2010 to March 2012. All the patients had failed to respond to on-demand medication of sildenafil previously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 4 weeks of tadalafil treatment, 11 (73.3%) of the cases were remarkably improved, with significant difference in IIEF-5 scores before and after treatment (P < 0.05). Transient adverse reactions were observed in the other 4 cases, including mild headache in 2, slight backache in 1, and facial flush in 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Oral tadalafil on alternate days is safe and effective in the treatment of ED that fails to respond to on-demand medication of sildenafil.</p>

Inhibition of survivin gene expression in PC-3 cells by RNAi / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct eukaryotic expression vectors by using the pSilencer3. 1-H1 neo vector for inhibiting human survivin gene by RNA interference, and to detect the effect of the silenced survivin gene on PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three target gene segments were synthesized and cloned into the pSilencer3. 1-H1 neo vector respectively to construct three recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors: pSilencer3. 1-SVV1, pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3, which were identified by enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. Then the PC-3 cells were transfected with the recombinant vectors and the interference effect detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. The apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was detected by flow cytometry and their proliferation detected by MTT method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing showed that three target segments were cloned into pSilencer3. 1-H1-neo vectors. The results of RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining indicated that pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors could knock down the transcription and expression of survivin gene. After transfected with pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors, the apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was increased by 10% - 15% and their growth obviously slowly down.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The transcription and expression of survivin gene were inhibited effectively by the recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors (pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3) in the prostate cancer cell line PC-3. After transfected with pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors, the apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was increased and their growth inhibited.</p>

Establishment of a multidrug resistant human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To establish a multidrug resistant human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line.Methods:Human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-2 was treated by 24-hour-exposure to high dose of Bleomycin(BLM)(20 ?g/ml).Drug sensitivity was evaluated by MTT assay.Cell counting was employed to make the growth curve and to calculate the cell doubling time.Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to study the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.The colony formation ability was also observed.Results:Multidrug resistant cell line of human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma was established and named ACC-2/BLM.After 10 times repeated exposure to BLM,the resistance index(RI) to BLM,5-Fluorouracil(5-FU),Cisplatin(CDDP),Cyclophosphamide(CTX),Vincristine(VCR) were 7.299,1.03,2.15,1.114 and 5.96 respectively.Compared with ACC-2,the proliferation potential of ACC-2/BLM cells was decreased.The ACC-2 apoptosis cells were much more than ACC-2/BLM cells after 9-day-treatment by BLM at 60 ?g/ml.Conclusion:ACC-2/BLM cell line has multidrug resistant characteristics.

Determination of diosgenin in Shengmai Freeze-drying Preparation for Injection by RP-HPLC / 中成药

AIM: To develop a new quantitative analysis method for determining diosgenin in Shengmai Freeze-drying Preparation for Injection (Radix Ophiopogonis,etc.)by RP-HPLC with UV detector. METHODS:ODS C_(18) column (5 ?m,4.6 mm?250 mm) was used with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (88∶12).The mobile phase flow rate was 1.0 mL?min~(-1).The detection wavelength was at 204 nm. RESULTS:The linear range of HPLC was 2.46-7.38 ?g(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 98.3%,RSD was 0.95%(n=9). CONCLUSION:This method is reliable,accurate and suitable for the determination of diosgenin in Shengmai Freeze-(drying) Preparation for Injection.