ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the intracanal effectiveness of cryotherapy, curcumin irrigant, and normal saline as a final irrigant in reducing postendodontic pain in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 teeth between the ages of 4 and 7 years requiring pulpectomy in primary teeth were included in the study. The teeth were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups: intracanal cryotherapy using 2.5°C cold saline, curcumin irrigant, or normal saline. Following completion of chemomechanical preparation, final irrigation with 2.5°C cold saline, curcumin irrigant, and normal saline solution at room temperature were employed in the groups. Participants were asked to rate the severity of their postoperative pain on the Visual Analog Scale before, immediate postoperative after wearing of local anesthetic effect, and 24 h after the procedure. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: The differences in reduction of postendodontic pain between the three irrigating regimens were statistically not significant. Cryotherapy utilizing 2.5°C cold saline or curcumin irrigant can be used instead of normal saline as a final irrigant in pulpectomy of primary teeth. Conclusions: Cryotherapy can be a straightforward, cost-effective, and nontoxic treatment option for the management of postendodontic pain. Curcumin irrigant with its anti-inflammatory properties is also a better alternative as a final irrigant for reducing postoperative pain in primary teeth.
ABSTRACT
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the conditioning effects of phosphoric acid/5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) mixture, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate, and 10% polyacrylic acid on cavosurface microleakage and bond strength of glass ionomer (GI) restorations. Materials and Methods: Out of 68 extracted premolars, 34 teeth were selected for microleakage and 34 for bond strength evaluation. The samples were divided into the following four groups. Group 1: pretreatment with 50/50 volume% mixture of 5.25% NaOCl solution and 37% phosphoric acid (H3PO4), Group 2:pretreatment with 2% CHX digluconate, Group 3: pretreatment with 10% polyacrylic acid (positive control), and Group 4: no pretreatment (negative control). All the samples were then restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC). Microleakage was evaluated using a stereomicroscope and rhodamine-B dye penetration test. For bond strength, flat dentin surface was exposed and pretreated as mentioned previously and restored with GIC and was evaluated using universal testing machine. Results: Among all the four groups, Group 1 showed least microleakage and highest bond strength when compared with other groups. Whereas the Group 4 samples which were not pretreated with any of the conditioning agent showed the least shear bond strength with greatest cavosurface microleakage when compared to the groups which were pretreated with the conditioning agents. Conclusions: A combination of 50/50 volume % mixture of 37% H3PO4 and 5.25% NaOCl can be a good choice for surface pretreatment of GI restorations.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the reliability of the digital radiograph of the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3) in skeletal maturity assessment Study Design: Fifty children (24 girls and 26 boys) belonging to the circumpubertal age-group were selected for the study. Two radiographs - lateral cephalogram and digital radiograph of the MP3 region - were taken in each child. Age assessment was based on the changes in shape of the cervical vertebrae and the epiphysis of the middle phalanx of the third finger of the left hand. The radiographs were assessed by three examiners. The inter- and intraexaminer variability were determined by the Wilcoxon rank sign test and the Kruskal-Wallis test and were found to be nonsignificant. Examiner 3 showed the best intraexaminer agreement and was selected to evaluate the radiographs for the entire study. Results: The correlation determined between the MP3 stages and cervical vertebrae maturity index (CVMI) stages, the peak-wise distribution of the MP3 stages, and the correlation between the MP3 stages and the chronological age were found to be highly significant. Conclusions: Digital radiograph of the MP3 region is definitely a simple, reliable, cost-effective, and time-saving technique for the assessment of skeletal maturity.