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Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 59(3): 201-214, jul.-set. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-636954

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. Un estudio previo realizado en la Universidad de Manizales midió el consumo de anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico y demostró que el 42,3% de los estudiantes de Medicina consumían anfetaminas con este propósito. Objetivo. Confirmar este resultado e indagar por los factores asociados al consumo de anfetaminas, en estos estudiantes. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en el que participaron estudiantes del Programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales. La población fue de 615 mediante un muestreo probabilístico se seleccionaron 234 estudiantes. El instrumento utilizado fue una encuesta anónima que permitió identificar el consumo de estimulantes y factores de riesgo asociados. Resultados. El 51,9% (lc95%:44,9%-58,95) de la muestra aseveró haber consumido anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico; de estos el 70,9% refirieron haber logrado el objetivo. No se encontró relación con factores de riesgo clásicos como ansiedad, depresión o funcionalidad familiar. El 87,9% no consumía estimulantes previo al ingreso al programa. Los semestres VI, VII, VIII y IX mostraron un mayor índice de consumo de: 73,3%, 60%, 68,8% y 57,7% respectivamente. Entre las razones de consumo se resaltan motivos académicos 32,5% y preservar estado de vigilia 18,7%. El 65,8% consumen bebidas alcohólicas. Conclusiones. El consumo de anfetaminas para mejorar rendimiento académico en los estudiantes del Programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales es realmente alarmante. Se hace necesario intervenir en la causa y plantear soluciones para de esta manera, impactar los índices de consumo.


Background. A prior study carried out in the Universidad de Manizales measured amphetamine consumption aimed at improving academic performance and revealed that 42.3% of medical students consumed amphetamines for such purpose. Objective. Confirming the aforementioned result and investigating the factors associated with these students consuming amphetamines. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out, involving medical students from the Universidad de Manizales. The population consisted of 615 students who participated in probabilistic sampling, leading to 234 students being selected. An anonymous survey was used, leading to stimulant consumption and associated risk factors being identified. Results. 51.9% (44.9%-58.95 95%CI) of the sample stated that they had taken amphetamines to improve their academic performance; 70.9% of them mentioned having achieved their objective. No relationship was found with classical risk factors such as anxiety, depression or family functionality. 87.9% of the students had not taken stimulants prior to entering the faculty. Students from the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th semesters had the highest consumption indices: 73.3%, 60%, 68.8% and 57.7% respectively. The reasons for taking amphetamines included academic motives (32.5%) and staying awake (18.7%); 65.8% drank alcohol. Conclusions. The number of medical students from the Universidad de Manizales taking amphetamines to improve their academic performance is really alarming. Intervention is necessary and solutions must be proposed to have a positive impact on consumption indices.

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