ABSTRACT
Background@#One of the main goals of pharmaceutical care is the developing proper drug use and high lighted “The Government of Mongolia is aiming to provide health organizations and veterinary clinic by highly effective, safe, quality assured and selectable drugs with continuous, uniform and accessible”.</br> World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that there are 5 standard to assess pharmaceutical care services. In Mongolia, people unused drugs with prescription and doctor direction. Background of this survey is to define appropriate use of drug in Ulaanbaatar citizen according to the WHO criteria and to determine the necessary parameters for the proper use of drugs in the future. @*Discussion@#The survey was based on the WHO recommendation and selection of pharmacies nearby the hospitals which we selected each 50 and 50 citizen’s prescription from total 12 hospital of Ulaanbaatar city, a total of 600 recipes and questionnaire on specific drug information and knowledge of clients.@*Result@#Average counseling was 1.02 minutes, duration of dispense was 35.3 seconds, 85% of drug % from written on prescription and 61.6% of customers knowledge about drug.@*Conclusion@#</br>1. It doesn’t meet the requirements of pharmaceutical assistance because of the citizen’s drug knowledge is insufficient and pharmacist’s counseling time is not enough. </br>2. Customer’s knowledge about drug name, dose, and method of usage is 62% and it is insufficient.
ABSTRACT
@#BACKGROUND: The Mongolian National drug policy states, “The rational drug rehabilitation is one of the main goals of pharmaceutical care”. Recruitment and prescription medications are important issues for improving rational use of medicines. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), the status of rational use of medicines is assessed through the recipe by 10 criteria. The needs to study on rational drug use in hospitals of Ulaanbaatar and determining standard criteria for the proper use of drugs by recommendation of World Health Organization is the main justified issue of the study. @*METHODS@# In order to study the rational use of medicines, a single moment /descriptive/ research type was used. Recipes for 50 and 50 people who received prescription from pharmacy within 12 hospitals TFCHM, TSCHM, TTCHM, NCCD, NTaORC, NCMH, HCSKhD, HCChD, HCSBD, HCKhUD, HCBZD, HCBGD June 2017 in Ulaanbaatar, it was based on the WHO recommended methodology, a total of 600 clients, 600 recipes and 1249 medicines were selected and submitted to the conclusions. @*RESULTS@#The average number of medicines per minute was 2.08 ± 0.25, 45.2% in International Health Prescription were 42.6% antibiotics. According to a study on a contingency test, 85% did not have prescription signs, 38.8% without diagnostic prescription, 25% did not have physicians, and 48% did not have any medical information. The knowledge about the dose was 68.5% .@*CONCLUSION@#The results of the study were compared with the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the proportion of medicines included in the ICS list was lower than the recommendations of the World Health Organization list and the proportion of antibiotic drugs. The study found that 11 different incidents were encountered. Knowledge about medicines dose was 68.5%, compared to World Health Organization recommendations
ABSTRACT
Daurian Thermopsis (Thermopsis daurica Czefr.),Gobian Thyme(Thymus gobicusTschern.) and Mogilev Mallow (Malva mohileviensis Downer) are separately used as mucolytic and anti- inflammatory treatment in non-conventional medicine. Therefore, we prepared infusion of these herbals compound called as a Tetima. It is important to produce new pharmaceutical preparation that mucolytic effective for upper and lower respiratory tract inflammatory disease. Despite the wide use of this plants as herbal medicine in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases, their toxicity is still unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the possiblesubchronic toxic effects of Tetima herbal compound inrats. Tetima herbal compound infusion was prepared in distilled water (1:10). We used 15 Wistar breed rats (230-370 gr) in this study. Subchronic toxicity study for 28 days was done by oral administration at doses of 0.5ml normal saline (control) and 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg of infusion in Wistar ratsThe obtained data revealed that oral administration of Tetima in rats for 28 successive days had no significant changes the hematological parameters in rats all over the period of the experiment, and there are no significant increases in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine and urea, between control and treated groups (p>0.05). The histopathological studies of the major vital organs like liver, kidney and heart recovered from the control and treated groups showed normal architecture suggesting no detrimental changes and morphological disturbances. These results show that the Tetima herbal compound is low toxic in subchronic toxicity study.
ABSTRACT
The Mongolian plants considered to possess medicinal properties may contain novel compounds since they are exposed to severe conditions; such plants could become good candidates for modern drug discovery programs. Daurian Thermopsis (Thermopsis lanceolata R.Br.= Th.dahurica Czefr.), Gobian Thyme (Thymus gobicus Tschern.) and Mogilev Mallow (Malva mohileviensis Downer) are separately used as mucolytic and anti-inflammatory treatment in non-conventional medicine. Therefore, weprepared extract of these herbals compound called as a Tetima and to evaluate it’s acute toxicity. It isimportant to produce mucolytic effective new pharmaceutical preparation used for upper and lowerrespiratory tract inflammatory disease.Tetima herbal compound extract was prepared in ethanol, the ratio of herbals to ethanol was 1:10. Healthy 25 white albino mice (male weighing between 17-30 gram) used in this study. They were kept in large airy cages in groups of 5 animals per cage with free access to food and water. Five doses (8-20 g/kg) were then chosen for the determination of intraperitoneal LD50 in mice and given to five groups of albino mice. The animals were observed for first 2 hours and then at 6th and 24th hour for any toxicsymptoms. After 24 hours, the number of deceased mice was counted in each group. The percentage of animals that died at each dose level was transformed and then LD50 determined by the methods of Karber and Pershin.G.N.The LD50 of Tetima herbal compound in mice was determined to be 14.3 g/kg after intraperitonealinjection. There was no difference occurred between Karber and Pershin methods to evaluate acute toxicity. In the animals receiving intraperitoneal injection, the abdominal muscle contractions and ataxia was observed, which persisted for few hours. At the 6th hour they were drowsy and less responsive. The severity of these effects was related to the level of dose. However, at 24th hour most of the survivors had recovered from these symptoms.Tetima herbal compound extract is a relatively safe, particularly when given intraperitoneal inject toexperimental animals.