Circular RNA circRSF1 binds to HuR to promote radiation-induced inflammatory phenotype in hepatic stellate cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether circular RNA circRSF1 regulates radiation-induced inflammatory phenotype of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by binding to HuR protein and repressing its function.@*METHODS@#Human HSC cell line LX2 with HuR overexpression or knockdown was exposed to 8 Gy X-ray irradiation, and the changes in the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) were detected by qRT-PCR. The expressions of IκBα and phosphorylation of NF-κB were detected with Western blotting. The binding of circRSF1 to HuR was verified by RNA pull-down assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP). The expressions of inflammatory factors, IκBα and the phosphorylation of NF-κB were detected after modifying the interaction between circRSF1 and HuR.@*RESULTS@#Knockdown of HuR significantly up- regulated the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, decreased IκBα expression and promoted NF-κB phosphorylation in irradiated LX2 cells, whereas overexpression of HuR produced the opposite changes (P < 0.05). Overexpression or knockdown of circRSF1 did not significantly affect the expression of HuR. RNA pull-down and RIP experiments confirmed the binding between circRSF1 and HuR. Overexpression of circRSF1 significantly reduced the binding of HuR to IκBα and down-regulated the expression of IκBα (P < 0.05). Overexpression of circRSF1 combined with HuR overexpression partially reversed the up-regulation of the inflammatory factors, down-regulated IκBα expression and increased phosphorylation of NFκB in LX2 cells, while the opposite effects were observed in cells with knockdown of both circRSF1 and HuR (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#circRSF1 reduces IκBα expression by binding to HuR to promote the activation of NF-κB pathway, thereby enhancing radiation- induced inflammatory phenotype of HSCs.

Safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease.METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 35 cases(35 eyes), who had a history of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January to September 2022 and were diagnosed by our hospital's hematology and ophthalmology departments with severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease(coGVHD)were selected. One eye was randomly selected for inclusion in the study if both eyes met the enrollment criteria, and the eye was selected if a single eye met the enrollment criteria. All patients were administrated with Dextran and Hypromellose eye drops 4 times a day and Cyclosporine eye drops twice a day. The experimental group was additionally treated with intense pulsed light, once every two weeks a week, for 4 times in total. The evaluation indicators were evaluated before treatment and 2wk, 1 and 2mo after treatment. The evaluation indicators include ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), tear meniscus height(TMH), non-invasive break-up time(NIBUT), conjunctival injection score(CIS), meibomian gland area proportion(MGAP), meibomian gland evaluation(MGE), cornea fluorescein staining(CFS), conjunctival lissamine green staining(CLGS), lid margin abnormality score(LMAS), and Schirmer's Ⅰ test(SⅠt).RESULTS: After treatment, OSDI score, TMH, NIBUT, BCVA, CFS, CLGS, and CIS improved in both groups compared with those before treatment(all P&#x003C;0.05), with NIBUT, CFS and CLGS showing more significant improvements in the test group. In the control group, MGAP, MGE of the upper and lower eyelids and LMAS did not change significantly before and after treatment(P&#x003E;0.05), while in the experimental group, MGAP of the lower eyelids, MGE of upper and lower eyelids and LMAS improved compared with those before treatment(P&#x003C;0.05), except for MGAP of the upper eyelids, which did not differ from that before treatment(P&#x003E;0.05). There was no difference in SⅠt and IOP between the two groups before and after treatment(P&#x003E;0.05). Patients did not experience adverse reactions such as skin burns, redness and swelling in the treated area and eyelash loss during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION: Intense pulsed light is safe and effective in the treatment of severe coGVHD, which can significantly improve the symptoms and signs of patients and enhance the stability of tear film.

Analysis of interleukin-36 expression in tears of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients and its correlation with the ocular surface microenvironment / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To detect the expression of interleukin(IL)-36(α, β, γ)in tears of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), investigate its correlation with ocular surface microenvironment, and further analyze the relationship between its expression and ocular graft-versus-host disease(oGVHD).METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 35 patients(70 eyes)underwent allo-HSCT in the hematology department of our hospital in January 2020 were selected, and 35 healthy volunteers(70 eyes)with appropriate age and gender were selected as normal control group. The patients in the allo-HSCT group were followed up 3 times after operation once every 3mo. The subjects with postoperative ocular symptoms were divided into oGVHD and Non-oGVHD group.Ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire, Schirmer test, tear break-up time(TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining(FL), and conjunctival impression cytology(CIC)was conducted in three groups. Furthermore, the expression levels of IL-36(α,β,γ)in tears were detected by ELISA.RESULTS: In the normal control group, IL-36(α, β, γ)expression levels were 74.32±5.27, 70.02±8.43, 97.41±8.66 pg/mL, respectively; in the allo-HSCT group, IL-36(α, β, γ)baseline expression levels were 77.27±7.03, 74.53±7.53, 100.77±9.74 pg/mL, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups(t=1.648, 1.954, 1.262, all P&#x003E;0.05). There were no significant differences in IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ in Non-oGVHD group at different time points(P&#x003E;0.05), while there were significant differences in IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ in oGVHD group at different time points(P&#x003C;0.05). Compared with Non-oGVHD group, the levels of IL-36α and IL-36β at different time points were significantly increased in oGVHD group(all P&#x003C;0.05).IL-36(α, β, γ)of oGVHD group was positively correlated with OSDI score, FL and CIC, while it was negatively correlated with TBUT and Schirmer test(all P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Evaluation of levels of tear IL-36(α, β, γ)can be of significance in diagnosing oGVHD after allo-HSCT. IL-36(α, β, γ)is highly expressed in the tears of oGVHD patients before the onset of ocular symptoms, and it is correlated with the ocular surface parameters.

Safety and efficacy of lacrimal canalicular plug in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of lacrimal canalicular plug in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease(coGVHD).METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 9 patients with severe coGVHD admitted to the dry eye clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June to September 2022 were included. All patients underwent binocular inferior lacrimal canaliculus plug. Ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, tear meniscus height(TMH), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)scores, conjunctival lisamine green staining(CLGS)score, noninvasive breakup time(NIBUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt)and the infiltration of Langerhans cells in the superficial corneal stroma tested by confocal corneal microscopy were observed before treatment and at 1 and 3 mo after treatment. At the same time, the complications related to lacrimal canalicular plug implantation were evaluated.RESULTS: The OSDI score decreased from 67.33±12.64 before treatment to 21.89±6.07 after 3mo of treatment(P&#x003C;0.01); TMH increased from 0.09±0.02mm to 0.21±0.03mm after 3mo of treatment(P&#x003C;0.05), and NIBUT increased from 2.24±0.68s before treatment to 6.77±2.05s after 3mo of treatment(P&#x003C;0.01). In addition, the CFS and CLGS also changed significantly, from 9.11±1.45 and 6.33±1.00 before treatment to 2.22±0.67 and 2.56±0.88 at 3mo after treatment, respectively(all P&#x003C;0.01). The density of Langerhans cells decreased from 140.22±38.18cells/mm2 before treatment to 39.67±9.75cells/mm2 3mo after treatment(P&#x003C;0.01). SⅠt showed no significant difference before and after treatment(F=0.059, P=0.943). During the whole follow-up period, no complications such as plug abscission were observed.CONCLUSION: Lacrimal canalicular plug is safe and effective in the treatment of severe coGVHD. It can significantly improve the symptoms and signs of dry eye patients and reduce inflammatory reaction.

Investigation on blood lead level of workers in a lead-acid battery factory in Wuhan / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the occupational lead exposure and blood lead levels of workers in a lead-acid battery factory in Wuhan in 2020 and analyze the influencing factors of blood lead, and to provide reference for the blood lead intervention of the workers in the lead-acid battery factory. Methods The blood lead test results of 320 occupational lead-exposed workers in the factory were investigated and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among the 320 blood lead samples collected, 4 people had blood lead≥400 μg/L, accounting for 1.25%, and 89 people had blood lead≥200 μg/L, accounting for 27.81%. Among them, there were 235 males with a median blood lead of 155.10 μg/L, and 85 females with a median blood lead of 82.40 μg/L. The Wilcoxon rank sum test results of two independent samples showed that the overall blood lead level of male employees was higher than that of female employees, and the difference was statistically significant (P 50 years old. Using the Bonferroni method to adjust the significance level for pairwise comparison, it was found that there were significant differences in the blood lead concentrations between the group under 40 years old, the group of 40 - 50 years old, and the group of over 50 years old ( P < 0.016 after adjustment). The employees were classified into different workshops, including 38 samples from the administrative workshop , 40 samples from the charging workshop, and 242 samples from the assembly workshop. Using the Bonferroni method to adjust the significance level for pairwise comparison, it was found that the blood lead concentrations in the administrative workshop, the charging workshop, and the assembly workshop were statistically different ( P <0.016 after adjustment). Conclusion The age, gender, and type of work of the employees in the battery factory all have a certain impact on the blood lead level. It is necessary to continuously improve the management of the labor hygiene operation system and strengthen the self-protection level of the workers, and regularly carry out occupational hygiene inspection and health monitoring.

Effects and related mechanisms of histone deacetylase inhibitors on the proliferation of choroidal melanoma C918 cell line / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To elucidate the effect of histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid(SAHA)on the proliferation of choroidal melanoma(CM)cell line C918 and to explore the related mechanism.METHODS: Inverted fluorescence microscope was used to observe the effect of different concentrations of SAHA(0.625, 1.25 or 2.5 μmol/L)on the morphology of C918 cell. The cell viability was detected by cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8)assay. Plate clone formation assay and EdU staining were carried out to measure the effect of SAHA on the cell proliferation. Meanwhile, the expressions of cell proliferation-related proteins including c-Myc, CyclinA2 and CDK2, and histone deacetylase 7(HDAC7)and fibroblast growth factor 18(FGF18)were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the cell density was reduced in SAHA. SAHA could also promote cell shrinkage, and the inhibition on cell was in a concentration-dependent manner. CCK-8 assay showed that SAHA treatment decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and the inhibition rate was 80% when SAHA at 2.5 μmol/L. Compared with the control group, Western blot showed that SAHA could suppress the expression of cell proliferation proteins including c-Myc, CyclinA2 and CDK2 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, 1.25 μmol/L SAHA significantly decreased the numbers of EdU staining positive cells and cell clones. More importantly, SAHA could dose-dependently decrease the expression of HDAC7 and FGF18 compared with control group.CONCLUSION: SAHA could inhibit the proliferation of CM cell line C918 by inhibiting the HDAC7/FGF18 signaling pathway.

Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects: A hospital-based retrospective study / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the characteristics and correlated risk factors of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects.METHODS: Outpatient medical records of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects at Peking University Third Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' data including sex, age, visit date, presence of comorbidities, and meteorological indicators at the same period were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 291 dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects, of whom 75.3% were female, were retrospectively analyzed. Young patients aged 21-30 made up the most(26.5%), while the proportion of teenagers(<18 years, 5.8%)and the elderly(≥61 years, 17.2%)was low. However, as the largest proportion of this population, young and middle-aged patients tend to experience fewer visits(5.4±12.4). Spring and winter were the main seasons of complaints. The meteorological indicators at the same period including fine-particulate matter with a median aerometric diameter of less than 10μm(PM10), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), and reduced average relative humidity were found significantly correlated with dry eye corneal epithelial defects(P<0.05). Conjunctivitis, cataracts, blurred vision, and trichiasis ranked the top four comorbidities.CONCLUSION: Dry eye corneal epithelial defects of young and female population cannot be ignored. PM10, SO2, NO2, and reduced humidity are found significantly correlated with dry eye corneal epithelial defects. For dry eye patients with conjunctivitis, cataracts, blurred vision, and trichiasis, more attention should be paid to their corneal conditions.

Study on the construction and quality evaluation of courses for ideological and political education in the course of oral histology and pathology / 中华口腔医学杂志

To give full play to the important role of courses for ideological and political education in moral cultivation, teaching group in the course of oral histology and pathology in Zhejiang University systematically studied the teaching model of which ideological and political education integrated into the course of oral histology and pathology, and put forward a quality evaluation index system of the course. This paper emphatically introduces the general framework of the course, as well as the experience and practices in the aspects of resource mining, teaching design, curriculum evaluation, etc. The quality of the course was evaluated by using the system, which showed that the grade of the course was AAA (excellent) and 95.5% (275/288) students agreed to integrate ideological and political content into the course. The teaching group believes that the integration of the ideological and political content in the course reflects the complementary effect of "teaching" and "educating", and the ideological and political quality as well as the professional level of the teachers are the primary factor to determine the quality of the course. This paper aims at providing a reliable reference for promoting the construction of courses for ideological and political education in the area of oral medical education.

Study of incubation period of infection with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant BA.5.1.3 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To study the incubation period of the infection with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant BA.5.1.3. Methods: Based on the epidemiological survey data of 315 COVID-19 cases and the characteristics of interval censored data structure, log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution were used to estimate the incubation. Bayes estimation was performed for the parameters of each distribution function using discrete time Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Results: The mean age of the 315 COVID-19 cases was (42.01±16.54) years, and men accounted for 30.16%. A total of 156 cases with mean age of (41.65±16.32) years reported the times when symptoms occurred. The log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution indicated that the M (Q1, Q3) of the incubation period from exposure to symptom onset was 2.53 (1.86, 3.44) days and 2.64 (1.91, 3.52) days, respectively, and the M (Q1, Q3) of the incubation period from exposure to the first positive nucleic acid detection was 2.45 (1.76, 3.40) days and 2.57 (1.81, 3.52) days, respectively. Conclusions: The incubation period by Bayes estimation based on log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution, respectively, was similar to each other, and the best distribution of incubation period was Gamma distribution, the difference between the incubation period from exposure to the first positive nucleic acid detection and the incubation period from exposure to symptom onset was small. The median of incubation period of infection caused by Omicron variant BA.5.1.3 was shorter than those of previous Omicron variants.

Oral absorption and effect of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine: a new perspective and research mode of phase structure / 中国中药杂志

Protein polypeptides and polysaccharides, the indispensable macromolecular active components in traditional Chinese medicine, are widely found in Chinese medicine decoction after the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine. However, through oral administration, these macromolecules are digested by the stomach and intestine and thus fail to be absorbed in prototype. This is inconsistent with the actual clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine decoction. According to modern research, new phase structures and effects of the macromolecules emerge during the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine, but the phase change law caused by the interaction among the components of traditional Chinese medicine and the relationship between phase structure and effect are still unclear. Thus, this study reviewed the oral absorption of macromolecular components of traditional Chinese medicine, analyzed the internal relationship of the form of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine with the absorption and effect based on phase structure, and summarized the research mode of oral absorption and effect of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine with phase structures as the core, providing new ideas and methods for future research.

HIV-1 Transmission among Injecting Drug Users is Principally Derived from Local Circulating Strains in Guangxi, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission via injection drug use (IDU) still exists, and the recent shift in IDU-related transmission of HIV infection is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal sources and dynamics of HIV-1 transmission through IDU in Guangxi.@*METHODS@#We performed a molecular epidemiological investigation of infections across Guangxi from 2009 to 2019. Phylogenetic and Bayesian time-geographic analyses of HIV-1 sequences were performed to confirm the characteristics of transmission between IDUs in combination with epidemiological data.@*RESULTS@#Among the 535 subjects, CRF08_BC (57.4%), CRF01_AE (28.4%), and CRF07_BC (10.7%) were the top 3 HIV strains; 72.6% of infections were linked to other provinces in the transmission network; 93.6% of sequence-transmitted strains were locally endemic, with the rest coming from other provinces, predominantly Guangdong and Yunnan; 92.1% of the HIV transmission among people who inject drugs tended to be transmitted between HIV-positive IDUs.@*CONCLUSION@#HIV recombinants were high diversity, and circulating local strains were the transmission sources among IDUs in Guangxi. However, there were still cases of IDUs linked to other provinces. Coverage of traditional prevention strategies should be expanded, and inter-provincial collaboration between Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guangdong provinces should be strengthened.

Panscleritis After Blunt Ocular Trauma in A Child with Epididymitis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

We reported an 8-year-old boy with panscleritis in left eye and right epididymitis after falling on the ground. Etiologic diagnosis played a key role in this case. Systemic examinations ruled out systemic autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infections as the cause of scleritis and suggested that the disease was caused by a local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by ocular trauma and was non-infectious. Still, the right epididymitis was infectious. Both conditions were treated successfully using steroids and antibiotics, respectively. Thus, early etiologic diagnosis and reasonable treatment are crucial to prevent visual loss.

Clinical analysis of P2Y2 receptor agonist in the treatment of diabetic dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of P2Y2 agonist diquafosol sodium(DQS)eye drops in the treatment of diabetic dry eye.METHODS: A total of 80 patients(160 eyes)with diabetic dry eye who admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to March 2022 were selected. They were randomly divided into study group and control group. A total of 40 patients(80 eyes)in the study group were treated with 3% DQS eye drops and 40 patients(80 eyes)in the control group were treated with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops. The ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, non-invasive tear meniscus height(NITMH), first non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTf), average non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTav), tarsal gland loss score, lipid layer thickness grade and bulbar redness analysis(including conjunctival grade and ciliary grade), were examined before treatment and at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after treatment, respectively. Furthermore, corneal fluorescence staining and conjunctival lissamine green staining were analyzed based on the ocular surface staining score(OSS), and the conjunctival impression cytology and confocal microscopy were evaluated before and 3mo after treatment, respectively.RESULTS: There were no differences in OSDI score, tarsal gland loss score, conjunctival grade score and ciliary grade score between the two groups before and after treatment(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05). OSS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while NITMH, NIBUTf and NIBUTav were higher than those in the control group at 1 and 3mo after treatment(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). After 3mo of treatment, the density of conjunctival goblet cells increased and corneal dendritic cells decreased in the study group compared with the baseline(all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05), while there were no significant changes in the control group compared with the baseline(all P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: 3% DQS eye drops were effective in treating diabetic dry eye without serious complications.

Association between sleep quality/physical activity and metabolic syndrome in urban population of Xinjiang / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between sleep/physical activity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in urban population of Xinjiang. Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study. From July 2019 to September 2021, a two-stage random sampling method was used to randomly select residents aged 30-74 years from two communities in Urumqi of northern Xinjiang and Korla of southern Xinjiang. General situation questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI) survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) survey, physical examination, physiological and biochemical indicators were obtained and analyzed. The dose-response curves of healthy sleep score and physical activity with metabolic syndrome were plotted using restricted cubic spline curves. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent and combined effects of sleep quality and physical activity on MS risk. Results: A total of 10 209 participants were included. The mean age of the subjects was (47.1±9.1) years, and males accounted for 51.3% (5 275/10 209). The prevalence of MS was significantly associated with the healthy sleep score and physical activity. Compared to the subjects with healthy sleep, OR (95%CI) of MS with intermediate, and poor sleep were 1.20(1.06-1.35), 1.23(1.04-1.45), respectively. Compared to the subjects with high physical activity, OR (95%CI) of MS with medium, low physical activity was 1.34(1.15-1.56), 1.42(1.19-1.70), respectively. There was a significant interaction between sleep and physical activity in MS (P for interaction=0.002). Compared to the subjects with high physical activity and healthy sleep, OR (95%CI) of MS with poor sleep and high physical activity was 2.03 (1.24-3.33, P for trend=0.016). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and lack of physical activity are not only independent risk factors for an increased risk of MS but also have a combined effect with an increased risk of MS.

Association between sleep quality/physical activity and metabolic syndrome in urban population of Xinjiang / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between sleep/physical activity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in urban population of Xinjiang. Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study. From July 2019 to September 2021, a two-stage random sampling method was used to randomly select residents aged 30-74 years from two communities in Urumqi of northern Xinjiang and Korla of southern Xinjiang. General situation questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI) survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) survey, physical examination, physiological and biochemical indicators were obtained and analyzed. The dose-response curves of healthy sleep score and physical activity with metabolic syndrome were plotted using restricted cubic spline curves. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent and combined effects of sleep quality and physical activity on MS risk. Results: A total of 10 209 participants were included. The mean age of the subjects was (47.1±9.1) years, and males accounted for 51.3% (5 275/10 209). The prevalence of MS was significantly associated with the healthy sleep score and physical activity. Compared to the subjects with healthy sleep, OR (95%CI) of MS with intermediate, and poor sleep were 1.20(1.06-1.35), 1.23(1.04-1.45), respectively. Compared to the subjects with high physical activity, OR (95%CI) of MS with medium, low physical activity was 1.34(1.15-1.56), 1.42(1.19-1.70), respectively. There was a significant interaction between sleep and physical activity in MS (P for interaction=0.002). Compared to the subjects with high physical activity and healthy sleep, OR (95%CI) of MS with poor sleep and high physical activity was 2.03 (1.24-3.33, P for trend=0.016). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and lack of physical activity are not only independent risk factors for an increased risk of MS but also have a combined effect with an increased risk of MS.

Study of 3-bromopyruvate on regulating imbalance of apoptosis/autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes through AMPK/mTOR pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the regulatory effects of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) on apoptosis and autophagy of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rats based on AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway and the underlying mechanism. Methods FLS of rats in vitro were cultured and induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) to construct a model of rheumatoid arthritis (R A). MTT assay was used to explore the optimal concentration of TNF-α and 3 -BrPA for induction and treatment of FLS. The effects of 3-BrPA on the migration and invasion of FLS were detected by Wound healing assay and Transwell assay. The apoptosis of FLS was tested by flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit (JC-1). Moreover, FLS autophagic flux was detected by mCherry-EGFP-LC3B-overexpressed plasmids, and the expression of apoptosis/autophagy-related proteins as well as AMPK/mTOR pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot. Results 3-BrPA (15 μmol • L) significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of FLS stimulated by TNF-a (25 μg • L

Text analysis of public hospital compensation policy in China from the perspective of policy tools / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To make a quantitative analysis of the policy tools which is related to the public hospital compensation policy text to reveal the characteristics of different stages in the policy and the use of the policy tools.Methods:Content analysis was performed to construct a two-dimensional framework of"tools(X-dimension)-phases(Y-dimension)",and analyze the use of public hospital compensation policy tools.Results:From the Y-dimension,the use of public hospital compensation policy tools in different stages shows the characteristics of differentiation and diversification.However,according to the X-dimension,there is uneven development rate and poor combination structure of public hospital compensation policy tools.And partial policy sub-tools are seriously missing,and failed to complement each other.On this basis,policy suggestions are put forward:optimize the combination of various policy tools,innovate the means of demand-based policy tools,and make up for the shortcomings of supply-based policy tools.Optimize the combination of various policy tools,innovate the means of demand-based policy tools,and make up for the shortcomings of supply-based policy tools.

Trichostatin C attenuates TNFα-induced inflammation in endothelial cells by up-regulating Krüppel-like factor 2 / 药学学报

Krüppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) plays a key regulatory role in endothelial inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis and macrophage inflammation and polarization, and up-regulation of KLF2 expression has the potential to prevent and treatment atherosclerosis. In this study, trichostatin C (TSC) was obtained from the secondary metabolites of rice fermentation of Streptomyces sp. CPCC 203909 as a KLF2 up-regulator by using a high throughput screening model based on a KLF2 promoter luciferase reporter assay. TSC significantly inhibited the adhesion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) induced monocytes (THP-1) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Western blot results showed that TSC decreased TNFα induced the protein expression increase of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and thereby inhibited endothelial inflammation. The results of histone deacetylase (HDAC) overexpression and molecular docking experiments showed that TSC upregulated the expression of KLF2 by inhibiting subtypes of HDAC 4/5/7. In conclusion, this study suggests that TSC up-regulates the expression of KLF2 through inhibiting HDAC 4/5/7 and thus inhibits TNFα induced endothelial inflammation, and it has the potential to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.

Network pharmacology and experimental validation of Maxing Shigan decoction in the treatment of influenza virus-induced ferroptosis / 中国天然药物

Influenza is an acute viral respiratory infection that has caused high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza A virus (IAV) has been found to activate multiple programmed cell death pathways, including ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death in which the accumulation of intracellular iron promotes lipid peroxidation, leading to cell death. However, little is known about how influenza viruses induce ferroptosis in the host cells. In this study, based on network pharmacology, we predicted the mechanism of action of Maxing Shigan decoction (MXSGD) in IAV-induced ferroptosis, and found that this process was related to biological processes, cellular components, molecular function and multiple signaling pathways, where the hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathway plays a significant role. Subsequently, we constructed the mouse lung epithelial (MLE-12) cell model by IAV-infected in vitro cell experiments, and revealed that IAV infection induced cellular ferroptosis that was characterized by mitochondrial damage, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, increased total iron and iron ion contents, decreased expression of ferroptosis marker gene recombinant glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), increased expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4), and enhanced activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Treatment with MXSGD effectively reduced intracellular viral load, while reducing ROS, total iron and ferrous ion contents, repairing mitochondrial results and inhibiting the expression of cellular ferroptosis and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Finally, based on animal experiments, it was found that MXSGD effectively alleviated pulmonary congestion, edema and inflammation in IAV-infected mice, and inhibited the expression of ferroptosis-related protein and the HIF-1 signaling pathway in lung tissues.

Triamcinolone acetonide injection in the treatment of upper eyelid retraction in Graves’ ophthalmopathy evaluated by 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging

Purpose: To evaluate changes in the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) muscle on 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after triamcinolone acetonide injection for treating upper lid retraction (ULR) with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) and to explore the value of LPS muscle quantitative measurement for clinical treatment. Methods: Patients with GO showing ULR were studied retrospectively and they underwent 3.0 T MRI scans before and after subconjunctival injection o f triamcinolone acetonide. The largest thickness (T) and highest signal intensity (SI) of LPS muscle on the affected eyes were measured in the sequences of coronal T2?weighted, fat?suppressed fast spin echo imaging (T2WI?fs) and T1?weighted, fat?suppressed, contrast?enhanced fast spin echo imaging (T1WI?fs + C), respectively. The SI ratio (SIR) (LPS muscle SI/ ipsilateral temporalis SI) was calculated individually. Depending on the therapeutic effect, patients were divided into effective group and non?effective group. Independent t?test was used to compare SIR and T of LPS muscle in different treatment groups before treatment, and paired sample t?test was used to compare SIR and T of LPS muscle before and after treatment. Then cut?off level for predicting therapeutic effect and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve were analyzed. Results: Sixty?two patients (77 eyes) were enrolled. After treatment, the T of LPS muscle showed significant decrease in all sequences in both effective and non?effective treatment groups. However, changes in SIR of LPS muscle in the two groups were different; SIR of LPS muscle on T2WI?fs and T1WI?fs + C decreased after treatment in the effective group (PT2 < 0.001, PT1 + C < 0.001) and SIR of LPS muscle showed no statistically difference in all sequences (all P > 0.05) in the non?effective group. There was a correlation between SIR of LPS muscle before treatment and after treatment with triamcinolone acetonide injection, which was that SIR of LPS muscle in the effective treatment group was lower than that in the non?effective treatment group on T1WI?fs + C (P < 0.001). SIR of LPS muscle on T1WI?fs + C showed 87.5% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity to predict therapeutic effect (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.840). Conclusion: In GO patients with ULR, 3.0 T MRI can be used to evaluate the response of triamcinolone acetonide injection. SIR of LPS may be a predictor of its efficacy