ABSTRACT
Objective To study the first-time killing efficacy and the chain-killing efficacy of four gel baits against Blattella germanica: 1% chlorpyrifos, 0.05% fipronil, 2.15% imidacloprid, and 0.5% dinotefuran and provide a basis for drug selection in controlling Blattella germanica. Methods Laboratory killing efficacy test was conducted according to the national standard GB/T 13917.7-2009 and the chain-killing efficacy test was conducted for three rounds.The first round of chain efficacy test was conducted by feeding the cockroaches killed in the laboratory efficacy test, and each next round by feeding the cockroaches killed in the last round.Median lethal time (LT50), 95% confidence limit, and toxicological regression equation of each test were calculated by software DPS V9.01. Results The LT50 of the efficacy test with 1% chlorpyrifos gel bait was 0.745 5 (0.603 4-0.890 3) d.The LT50 of the first, second and third chain experiments increased by 3.30, 2.18 and 2.76 times, respectively.The LT50 of the efficacy test with 0.05% fipronil gel bait was 0.846 5(0.464 7-1.228 0)d, and increased by 5.42, 2.09 and 1.48 times, respectively, in the first, second and third chain experiments.The LT50 of the efficacy test with 2.15% imidacloprid gel bait was 3.192 1(2.865 0-3.506 0)d, and increased by 1.13, 1.65 and 1.15 times, respectively in the first, second and third chain experiments.The LT50 of the efficacy test with 0.5% dinotefuran gel bait was 0.997 1(0.805 8-1.191 6) d, and increased by 3.85, 1.37 and 1.78 times, respectively in the first, second and third chain experiments. Conclusion In the laboratory killing efficacy test, 1% chlorpyrifos, 0.05% fipronil, and 0.5% dinotefuran gel baits are better than 2.15% imidacloprid gel bait.In the chain-killing efficacy test, 2.15% imidacloprid and 0.5% dinotefuran gel baits are better than 1% chlorpyrifos and 0.05% fipronil gel baits.Based on our results, we recommend the use of 0.5% dinotefuran gel bait for comprehensive and sustained killing effect.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in prostate cancer PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We transfected the lentivirus vector STIM1-pGCSIL-GFP carrying STIM shRNA into human hormone-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells, and 3 days later observed the transfection efficiency by fluorescence microscopy. At 7 days after transfection, we determined the expression of STIM1 in the PC-3 cells by RT-PCR and Western blot and those of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, survivin and activated Caspase-3 by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 3 days, inverted microscopy revealed a transfection efficiency of > 80%. At 7 days, the STIM1 expression was significantly inhibited at both mRNA and protein levels. The Bcl-2/Bax rate was remarkably decreased as compared with that of the control group (0. 31 vs 1.24 ) , and the survivin expression was markedly reduced, 0. 14 times that of the relative expression in the control. However, the Caspase-3 cleavage was significantly activated, 1.52 times that of the control (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>STIM1 can be regarded as an oncogene in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Inhibition of its expression can induce PC-3 cell apoptosis by reducing the Bcl-2/Bax rate, decreasing the survivin expression, and activating the Caspase-3 pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Apoptosis , Caspase 3 , Metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins , Metabolism , Membrane Proteins , Genetics , Neoplasm Proteins , Genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms , Metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 , Transfection , bcl-2-Associated X Protein , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This paper aimed to study the dynamic changes of enzyme activities and active component contents in Lonicera japonica during different blossoming stages.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) and the contents of total phenol, total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, anthocyanins in L. japonica during different blossoming stages were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of total phenolics, total flavonoids, anthocyanins decreased from the Sanqing stage to Jinhua stage while the content of chlorogenic acid increased slightly in white period, and then decreased gradually. The activities of three enzymes decreased gradually from Sanqing stage, and got to a minimum value in Yinhua stage, then increased slightly until the Jinhua stage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The enzyme activities of PPO and POD correlated the content of phenolic substances positively before the Jinhua stage in L. japonica. In the period of maturity, the POD activity was strengthened due to the induction of respiration and became the key enzyme to control active component content during the mature stage.</p>