Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve.METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications.RESULTS: Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6–66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation.CONCLUSION: PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.

Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve. METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications. RESULTS: Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6–66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation. CONCLUSION: PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.

Protective effect of hydrogen-lactated Ringer's solution against extensive burn-induced intestine injury in rats after delayed fluid resuscitation / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of hydrogen-rich lactated Ringer's solution (HRS) against intestine injury induced by extensive burn in Sprague-Dewley (SD) rat model after delayed fluid resuscitation. Methods: Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=12): sham-burn group(S group), burn plus normal lactated Ringer's solution(NRS) group (BR group) and burn plus hydrogen-rich lactated Ringer's solution(HRS) group (BH group). Rats in the S group were immersed into 37°C water without fluid replacement; those in BR group and BH group were subjected to 30% total body surface area (TBSA) m degree full-thickness scald. At first, a total of 2 ml · (1% TBSA)-1 · kg-1 of HRS or NRS were replaced at7h post-burn and half volume of the total solution was replaced at the 9 h and 17 h. All rats were sacrificed at 24 h. Small intestine tissues were removed forH-E staining and determination of MDA content, MPO and SOD activity; and the levels of the IL-1ß and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Results: The intestinal injury was relieved in BH group compared with BR group. The intestinal MDA content (P<0. 05) and activities of MPO and SOD (P<0. 01) were all decreased in BH group. IL-1ß and TNF-α levels in BH group were significantly lower than those in the BR group (P < 0. 01). Conclusion: HRS can attenuate intestine injury induced by extensive burn after delayed fluid resuscitation. It can decrease the oxidative injury following extensive burn and delay fluid resuscitation, and it can also suppress the generation of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1ß and TNF-α.

In vivo cell tracking / 第二军医大学学报

Owning to the progression of silence and technology, increasing techniques for in vivo cell tracking have been applied in medical research; they include radionuclide imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, etc. These imaging methods have their own characteristics in specificity, sensitivity and manipulation mode. Researchers should choose the appropriate method while taking the following into consideration requirement of the image, object of the image, the aim of the image, and the characteristics of each imaging method. In this paper we summarize the techniques of cell tracking in vivo.

Effect of hydrogen-rich saline on blood pressure and antioxidant ability of lung tissue in scalded rats following delayed resuscitation / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of hydrogen-rich saline on blood pressure and antioxidant ability of lung tissue in scalded rats following delayed resuscitation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hydrogen-rich saline was prepared (hydrogen-saturated normal saline with hydrogen concentration of 0.6 mmol/L). Twenty SD rats were divided into hydrogen-rich saline group (HS) and normal saline group (NS) according to the random number table, with 10 rats in each group. All the rats were subjected to 30% total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness scald. Rats in HS and NS groups were infused with hydrogen-rich saline or normal saline with one half of the total fluid replacement volume as calculated according to the Parkland formula (4 mL×kg(-1)×%TBSA(-1)) at post scald hour (PSH) 7 and one-quarter of the volume at PSH 9 and 17 respectively. The general condition of rats during the experiment was observed. The systolic pressure of rats was measured at PSH 6 and 24. All rats were sacrificed at PSH 24 to collect lung tissue for detecting superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibition ratio and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Data were processed with t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All rats survived through the experiment. The systolic pressure of rats in HS group and NS group was respectively (87 ± 4) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and (86 ± 5) mm Hg at PSH 6, and the values were close (t = 0.213, P = 0.834); however the systolic pressure at 24 h was higher in HS group than in NS group [(124 ± 7) mm Hg vs. (115 ± 6) mm Hg, t = 2.958, P = 0.008]. SOD inhibition ratio of lung tissue in HS group [(0.465 ± 0.014)%] was higher than that in NS group [(0.358 ± 0.021)%, t = 11.767, P = 0.000]. MDA level of lung tissue in HS group [(922 ± 196) pmol/mg] was lower than that in NS group [(1118 ± 212) pmol/mg, t = -2.142, P = 0.046].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Delayed resuscitation for scalded rats with hydrogen-rich saline is helpful in the recovery of systolic pressure, and it can ameliorate lung tissue injury caused by reperfusion through enhancing the effect of antioxidase.</p>

Construction of dermal skeleton by double cross-linking with glutaraldehyde and ultraviolet radiation / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of preemptive freezing with different temperature and cross-linking methods on the ultrastructure of collagen membrane and its influence on human fibroblast proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bovine collagen type I solution in concentration of 10 g/L was preliminarily frozen at -20 degrees C or - 80 degrees C for 12 hours, and lyophilized at -70 degrees C for 48 hours. The diameter of apertures in collagen membranes prepared with two different preliminary temperatures were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared. The preliminary freezing temperature of - 80 degrees C was used for the following study. The apertures of collagen membrane performed with cross-linking glutaraldehyde and ultraviolet (UV) radiation cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (double cross - linking) after preliminary freezing were also compared. The proliferation of human fibroblasts inoculated in above cross-linking collagens were assessed by MTT assay, in terms of absorption value.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean diameter of apertures of collagen membrane pre-frozen at -20 degrees C was (172 +/- 374 microm, while that at -80 degrees C was (99 +/- 24) microm. The apertures of collagen membrane were reduced in size after glutaraldehyde cross-linking, while those of double cross-linking showed no change in size. There was obvious difference in absorption value of fibroblasts 8 days after seeding between above two cross-linking methods (1.534 +/- 0.013 for glutaraldehyde cross-linking, 3.778 +/- 0.010 for double cross-linking, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The collagen membrane after preliminary freezing at - 80 degrees C and double cross-linking with UV radiation and glutaraldehyde may be used as a dermal skeleton substitute.</p>