Subchronic Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Lanthanum: A 90-day, Repeated Dose Study in Rats / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The present study was undertaken to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of lanthanum and to determine the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), which is a critical factor in the establishment of an acceptable dietary intake (ADI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) testing guidelines, lanthanum nitrate was administered once daily by gavage to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at dose levels of 0, 1.5, 6.0, 24.0, and 144.0 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day for 90 days, followed by a recovery period of 4 weeks in the 144.0 mg/kg BW per day and normal control groups. Outcome parameters were mortality, clinical symptoms, body and organ weights, serum chemistry, and food consumption, as well as ophthalmic, urinary, hematologic, and histopathologic indicators. The benchmark dose (BMD) approach was applied to estimate a point of departure for the hazard risk assessment of lanthanum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant decreases were found in the 144.0 mg/kg BW group in the growth index, including body weight, organ weights, and food consumption. This study suggests that the NOAEL of lanthanum nitrate is 24.0 mg/kg BW per day. Importantly, the 95% lower confidence value of the benchmark dose (BMDL) was estimated as 9.4 mg/kg BW per day in females and 19.3 mg/kg BW per day in males.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present subchronic oral exposure toxicity study may provide scientific data for the risk assessment of lanthanum and other rare earth elements (REEs).</p>

Effect of Bubble Bath Coordinating with Functional Training on the Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of bubble bath coordinating with functional training on the children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods210 children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=118) and control group (n=92). All children were treated with functional training, acupuncture and other physical therapies. Children in the treatment group were added with bubble bath one time every day, twenty days as one course. Muscular tension was evaluated with modified Ashworth Scale and range of motion was measured before and after treatment.ResultsIn the treatment group, 55 cases were significant, 53 cases were effective, 10 cases were invalid, the total effective rate was 91.5%; in the control group, 26 cases were significant, 46 cases were effective, 20 cases were invalid, the total effective was 78.2%. There was a significant difference between the total effective rates of two groups (P<0.05).ConclusionBubble bath can significantly decrease the muscular tension of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Clinical study of auditory nerve pathway injury complicated with cerebral palsy / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To investigate the incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury complicated with cere- bral palsy(CP) and its related factors relationship between the incidence rate of it and sexes,classification and risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 272 children with CP,including the data of brainstem auditory evoked po- tentials,were retrospectively reviewed.The incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury and the related factors were analyzed.Results In the 272 CP children,the incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury was 29.8% (81:272), which had a significantly relationship with the clinical types of CP (P0.05).In addition,it was found that the pathological jaundice (OR=2.945,95% CI:1.649-5.260) and intrauterine infection (OR=3.319,95% CI:1.037-10.625) were significantly related to auditory nerve pathway injury. Conclusion The auditory nerve pathway injury is common in CP children,especially in those with athetosis and mixed CP.Pathological jaundice and intrauterine infection are the risk factors of auditory nerve pathway injury.