Different arousal modes of hibernating Whitmania pigra / 中国中药杂志

To study the suitable arousal modes of hibernating Whitmania pigra, the biological characteristics, activity of amylase, lipase, and protease as well as morphologic structure of digestive tract were investigated by direct observational method and 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry, p-nitrophenyl palmitate ester（p-NPP）colorimetry, folin-phenol and histological methods. The results revealed that Wh. pigra activity was increased with increases of the water temperature and prolonging treating duration. Except for the feeding groups of direct arousal mode at 24 h and 48 h, none of the other Wh. pigra groups died. Compared with that of normal groups, the digestive tract structure of hibernating Wh. pigra was looser and the mucosal folds of craw were more sparse. No obvious recovery was observed for the structure of the digestive tract before 48 h of direct arousal mode or the 5th day of 15 °C gradient arousal mode. The mucosal folds of craw increased and the muscularis were incrassated after 72 h of direct arousal mode or the 8th day of 20 °C gradient arousal mode, that indicated the tissue structure was approximately restored to the normal state. The digestive enzyme activities were increased with prolonging treating duration. And the feeding groups recovered faster than that of the no feeding groups. Additionally, the enzyme activities of feeding groups were significantly higher than that of no feeding groups (<0.05) and approximately restored to the normal level after 48 h in the direct arousal mode or 20 °C in the gradient arousal mode. In conclusion, both of the two modes can be applied to the arouse of hibernating Wh. pigra, and it should be fed when the temperature is recovered to 15 °C or 20 °C at 2 °C·d⁻¹ in the gradient arousal mode after 72 h in the direct arousal mode to reduce the death ratio and improve effectively the economic profit of Wh. pigra aquaculture.

Changes of osteocalcin and IGF-I during bone lengthening / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the changes of osteocalcin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) during bone lengthening, and to clarify the mechanism of bone healing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two shepherd dogs were divided into five groups randomly. Their tibiae were lengthened by Ilvzarov's external fixator at the rate of 1 mm/day. The lengthening area was the experimental side and the opposite side was the control. Samples were obtained on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 12th weekend respectively. The samples were defatted, dried, powdered, centrifuged and measured by radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The osteocalcin concentration increased at the subsequent periods, but it was significantly lower in the experimental side than that of the control side, P<0.05 and the IGF-I concentration was not significantly lowered.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Different noncollagenous bone growth factors may be different at different stage.</p>

Component changes of calcium and phosphorus in osteogenesis by lengthening procedures in adult canines / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore chemical component changes of dog bone at different lengthening time and in different bone regions of interest, and to evaluate the mineralization during Ilizarov lengthening process.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ash weight, the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and the calcium/phosphorus ratio were measured at different intervals (2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks) since lengthening and the lengthened part was compared with a control area at each interval.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ash weight, the concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in the lengthened area differed at all development time. The calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio in the lengthened region remained significantly lower than that in the control region up to 12 weeks after the lengthening.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results suggest that also other inorganic ions play an important role in the mineralization process and that they become relatively more important since 8 weeks after the lengthening.</p>