Screening of Genes Co-Associated with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Infectious Sudden Death in Infancy and Bioinformatics Analysis of Their Regulatory Networks / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#The common differentially expressed mRNAs in brain, heart and liver tissues of deceased sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and infectious sudden death in infancy (ISDI) confirmed by autopsy was screened by bioinformatics to explore the common molecular markers and pathogenesis of SIDS and ISDI.@*METHODS@#The datasets of GSE70422 and GSE136992 were downloaded, the limma of R software was used to screen differentially expressed mRNA in different tissue samples of SIDS and ISDI decedents for overlapping analysis. The clusterProfiler of R software was used to conduct gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING database, while the hub gene was screened by cytoHubba plug-in.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, there were 19 significant differentially expressed genes in the tissue samples of SIDS and ISDI decedents, among which 16 in the heart tissue and 3 in the liver tissue, and the astrotactin 1 (ASTN1) gene expression difference in the heart tissue was most significant. The PPI network identified Ras homolog family member A (RHOA), integrin subunit alpha 1 (ITGA1), and H2B clustered histone 5 (H2BC5) were hub genes. The analysis of GO and KEGG showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in the molecular pathways of actin cytoskeleton regulation, focal adhesion and response to mycophenolic acid.@*CONCLUSIONS@#ASTN1, RHOA and ITGA1 may participate in the development of SIDS and ISDI. The enrichment of differentially expressed genes in immune and inflammatory pathways suggests a common molecular regulatory mechanism between SIDS and ISDI. These findings are expected to provide new biomarkers for molecular anatomy and forensic identification of SIDS and ISDI.

Correlation of traditional Chinese medicine to reduced re-admission risk in ankylosing spondylitis patients with dampness-heat syndrome: a retrospective cohort study / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to analyze the impact of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) on the risk of re-admission for ankylosing spondylitis(AS) patients with dampness-heat syndrome. In this study, a telephone follow-up was conducted on 1 295 AS inpatients, and after screening and exclusions, 1 044 successfully followed-up patients were included. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using propensity score matching(PSM), and a Cox proportional risk model was employed to assess the effect of various factors on the risk of re-admission for AS patients with dampness-heat syndrome. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the effect of TCM intervention time on re-admission. The incidence rate of dampness-heat syndrome in AS patients was found to be 51.3% in this study. After 1∶1 PSM, 385 AS patients with dampness-heat syndrome and 385 AS patients without dampness-heat syndrome were included for analysis. The results indicated that the re-admission rate was higher for patients with dampness-heat syndrome compared with those without dampness-heat syndrome(P<0.05). AS patients with dampness-heat syndrome in the TCM group had a lower admission rate than those in the non-TCM group(P=0.01). The cox proportional risk model demonstrated that TCM was an independent protective factor, as it reduced the risk of re-admission by 35%(HR=0.35, 95%CI[0.26, 0.95], P<0.05). Moreover, the subgroup with high exposure(time to use Chinese medicine >12 months) had a significantly lower risk of re-admission than that with low TCM exposure(time to use Chinese medicine ≤12 months). The re-admission rate for AS patients with dampness-heat syndrome was higher than that without dampness-heat syndrome, and TCM was identified as a protective factor in reducing the risk of re-admission. Furthermore, a longer duration of TCM intervention was associated with a lower risk of re-admission.

Pregnancy outcomes among women with high and low risk in first and second trimester prenatal screening analysis / 预防医学

Objective To analyze adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with high risk and low risk during prenatal screening. Methods Clinical data of 180006 pregnancies in 5 prenatal screening center in Hangzhou were collected. We compared the adverse pregnancy outcomes of high and low risk pregnancies. Results Among 180006 pregnancies (age<35 years old), there were 10296 high-risk cases and 169710 low-risk cases, with 168654 cases followed. There were 9406 high-risk cases of Down's syndrome (DS) (5.23％), 273 high-risk cases of Edwards' syndrome (ES) (0.15％) and 617 high-risk cases of open neural tube defect (ONTD) (0.34％) . The detection rate of pregnancy outcome of premature birth, spontaneous abortion, termination of pregnancy, stillbirth in the high risk was 5.46％, 0.80％, 1.80％, 0.37％, respectively, and that rate in low risk results was 3.50％, 0.21％, 0.38％, 0.18％, respectively. Adverse pregnancy outcomes in high-risk group were significantly higher than that in low-risk group (all P<0.001) . The actual incidence rate of DS, ES or ONTD in high-risk group (4.56‰, 1.65‰, 0.97‰, respectively) were significantly higher than that in low-risk group (0.12‰, 0.04‰, 0.09‰, respectively, all P<0.001) . The detection rates of prenatal screening were 70.15％, 68.00％ and 38.46％, and false positive rates were 5.23％ , 0.14％ and 0.34％ . Conclusion High risk of serum prenatal screening analysis is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The number of pregnancies experienced invasive prenatal diagnosis can be reduced by routine serum prenatal screening. That is an Effective method to reduce the birth defects.

Clinical application of the percutaneous retrograde acetabular anterior horn screw fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical usage of percutanious retrograde acetabular anterior horn screw fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2006 to November 2011,27 patients with anterior horn accetabular fractures were treated with percutaneous retrograde screw. There were 20 males and 7 females with an average age of 35 years (ranged,20 to 61). According to Tile classification,type A was in 5 cases,type B was in 18 cases and type C was in 4 cases. The intra-operative blood loss volume, fractured reduction and screw location were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Postoperative X-ray and CT scan showed good reduction. According to the standard of Matta, 10 cases got excellent results, 15 good and 2 poor. All fractures healed and no complications such as neurovascular injuries and femoral head necrosis were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutanious retrograde acetabular anterior horn screw technique have advantages of little trauma, less blood loss volume, reliable fixation, which can be effectively used in clinic.</p>

Relationship between cervical micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis in laryngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the correlation between the micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis in laryngeal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total of 126 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. The micrometastasis was detected with hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin (CK) of the lymph node specimens after selective neck dissection (II-IV). Chi-square test was used to analyse the relationship between the micrometastasis and early recurrence and prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HE staining showed positive micrometastasis in 41 cases and negative micrometastasis in 85 cases in which 33 cases were positive staining for CK. With a following-up of mean 6.3 years, recurrence or metastasis occurred in 15 cases with positive micrometastasis detected by HE staining, 14 cases with CK positive staining and 4 cases with CK negative staining. The correlation between micrometastasis and early recurrence was significant (P < 0.01). The total 5-year survival rate was 79.8%, 10-year survival rate was 60.5%. The 10-year survival rate (52.1%) of the patients with CK positive staining indicating micrometastasis was significantly higher than that of CK negative patients (81.2%, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cervical micrometastasis predicts poor prognosis and early recurrence in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.</p>

Effects of carbon-coated iron nanocrystals combined with epirubicin on HepG-2 cells and its acute toxicity in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the cytotoxicity of carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (CCIN) and epirubicin-loaded CCIN on Hep-G2 cells in vitro and compare the acute toxicities of epirubicin and epirubicin-loaded CCIN in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cytotoxicities of CCIN and epirubicin-loaded CCIN on HepG2 cells were assessed using MTT assay, and the uptake of CCIN by the tumor cells was observed by optical and electron microscopy. Different doses of epirubicin and equivalent doses of epirubicin-loaded CCIN were injected intravenously in mice to compare their acute toxicities.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Optical and electron microscopy revealed cytoplasmic uptake of CCIN in the tumor cells without obvious destruction of the cell structural integrity. Incubation of the HepG-2 cells with different concentrations of CCIN suspension did not result in significant variation in the mean absorbance. MTT assay showed reduced cytotoxicity of epirubicin-loaded CCIN in HepG2 cells as compared with that of epirubicin alone. The cell growth inhibition rate was significantly higher with epirubicin-CCIN mixture that contained a lower proportion of CCIN. In acute toxicity experiment with mice, the median lethal dose (LD(50)) of epirubicin was 16.9 mg/kg, while that of epirubicin-CCIN mixture was 20.7 mg/kg.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CCIN uptake by HepG-2 cells does not cause obvious cytotoxicity in vitro within a certain concentration range, epirubicin-loaded CCIN has reduced cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells as compared with epirubicin, and the cytotoxicity of the mixture decreases with the increase in the CCIN content in the mixture. Epirubicin delivery in mixture with CCIN can reduce its acute toxicity in mice.</p>

Adsorption and sustained release of epirubicin from carbon-coated iron nanocrystals / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the adsorption and desorption of epirubicin (EADM) by carbon-coated iron nanocrystals (CCIN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EADM standard curve was generated. After thorough mixture of CCIN and EADM with sonication, the mixture solution was centrifuged at high speed to obtain dissociated EADM for evaluating the adsorption capacity of CCIN. A dialyzer was used to evaluate the desorption of drug-loaded CCIN particles in different media (PBS, normal saline, or distilled water), at different temperatures, and with different quantities of loaded drug.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The adsorption of EADM by CCIN presented linear adsorption before saturation and saturation adsorption, with an adsorption saturation point of about 160 microg/mg. The desorption of EADM from CCIN particles was affected by such factors as the extraction media, temperature, and quantity of the loaded drug. Compared to distilled water, PBS and normal saline improved the release rate of EADM from the drug-loaded CCIN particles. Higher temperature also contributed to higher release rate of EADM. Higher release rate of EADM occurred after the CCIN particles adsorbed greater amount of EADM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CCIN shows an EADM adsorption pattern of Langmuir isotherm adsorption. Such factors as higher temperature, PBS solution, higher speed of medium replacement, and more drug adsorbed all contribute to a higher release rate of EADM.</p>

Acute toxicity of carbon-coated iron nanocrystal and its effect on liver and kidney functions and hematological system / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the acute toxicity of carbon-coated iron nanocrystal (CCIN) in mice and its effects on hepatic, renal and hematological functions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute toxicity of CCIN was evaluated by observing the toxic reactions in mice within 14 days following intravenous injection of different doses of CCIN particles. The liver and kidney functions and blood chemistry were tested in rats before and at different time points after CCIN injection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median lethal dose (LD(50)) of CCIN particles given by intravenous injection was 203.8 mg /kg in mice. Within the intravenous dose of 80 mg /kg injection, CCIN caused only mild alterations of the rats' biochemical and hematological indices that recovered without intervention in two weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CCIN is characterized by low acute toxicity and mild side effects on the hepatic, renal and hematological functions within a certain dose range.</p>