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Objective:Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and Primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) are autoimmune epithelial inflammatory diseases that share many common clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences and diagnostic value of Autotaxin (ATX) in PBC and SS.Methods:The clinical data of 237 cases diagnosed with PBC, PBC secondary to SS, pSS and healthy individuals(HC) between September 2020 and September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The levels of ATX in each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the corresponding sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the curve ( AUC), etc were analyzed. Normally distributed data were expressed as mean ±SD and non-normally distributed as median (IQR). The differences and correlations between ATX and the biochemical tests in each group were assessed by applying the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation analysis, etc. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant difference. Results:The results showed that ATX was positive in 33.9%, 33.3% and 53.3% for PBC, PBC secondary SS, and pSS, respectively, with the specificities of 93.1%, 100% and 93.2%, respectively. The highest accuracy was achieved in pSS and the sensitivity and specificity were 86.5% and 93.2%, which were higher than those in PBC group(56.8%, 93.1%), respectively. Compared with HC [32.6(21.8, 60.5)ng/ml], ATX levels in PBC[59.3(48.6, 86.3)ng/ml, U=1 750.50, P<0.001], PBC-SS [73.6 (53.3,102.4)ng/ml; U=199.00, P<0.001], and pSS [152.6 (97.4,192.1)ng/ml, U=264.00, P<0.001] were elevated with significant difference ( P<0.05). ATX levels showed a decreasing trend from the pSS group to the HC group. ATX in PBC group[AUC(95% CI)= 0.73(0.651,0.812), P<0.001], PBC secondary SS group [AUC(95% CI)=0.82(0.730, 0.912), P<0.001], and pSS group [AUC(95% CI)=0.94(0.898, 0.984), P<0.001] had prediction accuracy. ATX was associated with total protein ( r=-0.31, P=0.041) level and glutaminase (r=-0.26, P=0.024) level. Conclusion:ATX has diagnostic value in both PBC and SS, and with higher sensitivity and specificity for the latter.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in patients with endometrial cancer, and analyze the influencing factors of prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 258 patients with stage Ⅰ to ⅢC endometrial cancer undergoing total pelvic radiotherapy from January 2015 to December 2017 in Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 128 cases were treated with 3DCRT (3DCRT group) and 130 cases were treated with IMRT (IMRT group). Patients with cervical infiltration were given low dose rate vaginal brachytherapy. The local recurrence, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and adverse reactions were observed. The related factors were analyzed by statistical method.Results:The 258 patients were followed up for 6 to 34 (28.6 ± 1.2) months, and 18 patients had local recurrence, among whom 15 patients were in 3DCRT group and 3 patients were in IMRT group. The local control rates in 3DCRT group and IMRT group were 86.0% (95% CI 74.5 to 92.4) and 94.2% (95% CI 92.8 to 100.0), and there was no statistical difference between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Thirty-six patients had distant metastasis. The distant metastasis rate in 3DCRT group was significantly higher than that in IMRT group: 19.5% (25/128) vs. 8.5% (11/130), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01). The 2-year DFS rates in 3DCRT group and IMRT group were 81.3% (95% CI 67.6 to 92.4) and 88.2% (95% CI 65.6 to 92.8), and there was no statistical difference between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Cox univariate analysis result showed that age > 68 years, grade 3 malignancy, no lymphadenectomy and > T 1 stage were related to distant tumor metastasis ( P<0.01 or <0.05); Cox multivariate analysis result showed age > 68 years, > T 1 stage and grade 3 malignancy were independent risk factors for distant metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer ( HR = 4.0, 3.3 and 2.1; 95% CI 1.5 to 9.7, 1.5 to 7.4 and 1.2 to 3.5; P<0.01), and no lymphadenectomy was not associated with distant metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer ( P>0.05). The 2-year OS rates in 3DCRT group and IMRT group were 91.6% (95% CI 68.9 to 95.8) and 95.5% (95% CI 65.8 to 98.6), and there was no statistical difference between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The incidences of ≥ 2 grade acute gastrointestinal adverse reactions and grade 2 acute urogenital tract adverse reactions in IMRT group were significantly lower than that in 3DCRT group: 20.0% (26/130) vs. 32.8% (42/128) and 2.3% (3/130) vs. 10.9% (14/128), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). One patient in 3DCRT group had late gastrointestinal adverse reaction (grade 3 radiation enteritis). Conclusions:Compared with 3DCRT, IMRT is a safer method for treating patients after endometrial cancer surgery, and the risks of acute gastrointestinal and urogenital tract adverse reactions are lower.
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HLA-G is a major histocompatibility complex [MHC], class Ib molecule that is selectively expressed at the fetal maternal interface. It is thought to play a role in protecting the fetus from the maternal immune response. Interestingly, the preimplantation embryo development [Ped] gene product Qa-2 is also a mouse MHC class Ib protein that affects cleavage and division of preimplantation mouse embryos and subsequent embryonic survival. Data from many human in vitro fertilization [IVF] clinics suggest that the mouse Ped phenomenon also exists in human because embryos fertilized at the same time have different cleavage rates and consequently different IVF outcomes. As HLA-G is expressed in human early embryos, it is highly regarded as the functional homologue of Qa-2. Whether HLA-G expression is correlated with the cleavage rate of human embryos has great potential clinical value. In this study, 45 human early abnormal fertilized embryos [3 PN] from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization were used to test the effects of HLA-G knock-down via infection with adenovirus carrying its specific siRNA on the cleavage rate in a 2-day culture period. One-way ANOVA, Post hoc and Chi-square were used to compare groups. A p-value smaller than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Knocking-down HLA-G in human pre-implantation stage embryos resulted in a higher cell arrest rate and a slower cleavage rate. The results from the present study suggested that HLA-G might play an important role in early human embryo development
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals, Laboratory , /growth & development , Triploidy , Fertilization in Vitro , MiceABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To determine the possible roles of the t-complex testis expressed gene 5 (Tctex5) on sperm functions, the full-length sequence of mRNA was studied and compared in the testis between the normal wild-type and the sterile t-haplotype mutant mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We applied rapid amplification of cDNA ends, Northern blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to analyze the full length of Tctex5 mRNAs isolated from testes of the wild-type and the t-haplotype mice. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to semi-quantitatively compare expression of Tctex5 transcripts in the 16 tissues and 9.5 day stage embryos in the wild-type mice. E-translation was applied to estimate the amino acid sequences.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One long and one short transcript of Tctex5 mRNA were discovered in mouse testis of wild-type (Tctex5(long-+) and Tctex5(short-+)) and t-haplotype (Tctex5(long-t) and Tctex5(short-t)) mice, respectively. Being enhanced only in the testis, Tctex5(long-t) had 17 point mutations and one 15-bp-deletion in the exon 1 region, comparing with the Tctex5(long-+), whereas the Tctex5(short-t) was similar to the Tctex5(short-+). The short isoforms of Tctex5 mRNAs in the two models encoded exactly the same peptides, but the long isoforms did not. The estimated peptide encoded by Tctex5(long-t) had significant mutations on putative sites of phosphorylation and PP1 binding.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We established that mutations that occur in the Tctex5 long transcript of the t-haplotype mice are important for normal sperm function, whereas the short transcript of Tctex5 might have a conserved function among different tissues.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Gene Expression , Haplotypes , Infertility, Male , Microtubule-Associated Proteins , Chemistry , Genetics , Mutation , Nuclear Proteins , Chemistry , Genetics , Protein Phosphatase 1 , Sequence Analysis, Protein , Spermatozoa , Metabolism , Testis , Metabolism , t-Complex Genome RegionABSTRACT
Objective To investigate distribution of integrain ?1 in human oocytes and embryos before and after maturation/fertilization,dring the first and second meiosis,in morulae and blastocyst stage. Methods Human oocytes and embryos were stained by anti-integrin ?1 (PharMingen 09351D) and FITC-labeled second antibody (PharMingen 110094D),and observed by confocal microscope. Results Integrin ?1 concentrated in the nuclear area in matured oocytes,zygotes and 2-cell stage embryo,indicating that integrin ?1 might involve in mitosis.Dislike mouse,there was no distribution of integrin ?1 on the well-accepted sperm binding area on the oocytes,indicating that integrin ?1 might not involve in the binding and fusion of human sperm to human oocytes.Conclusion It was first postulated that integrin ?1 might actively involve in the pronuclear fusion process in human in vitro fertilized oocytes.The marker of ectotrophoblasts,polarized distribution of integrin ?1, appeared at the morulae stage.The stronger expression in ectotrophoblasts around the inner cell mass might indicate some specific function of the ectotrophoblasts near the ICM.