ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the fallopian tube patency with transvaginal real-time three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (3D-HyCoSy) in diagnosis of infertility.Methods Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the reference standard,a total of 126 infertile women underwent both transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy with SonoVue and laparoscopy.Bilateral fallopian tubes were dynamic observed.Results Transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy showed that in clinical suspected infertility patients,125 fallopian tubes were patent,81 fallopian tubes were narrow and circuitous,and 37 fallopian tubes were obstructed.Among all the patients,60 cases (115 fallopian tubes) underwent laparoscopy with chromopertubation.The results showed that 10 fallopian tubes were patent,73 fallopian tubes were narrow and circuitous,and 32 fallopian tubes were obstructed.Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the reference standard,107 fallopian tubes of the 60 cases were diagnosed correctly,and the coincidence rate of 3D-HyCoSy and laparoscopy and dye test was 93.0％ (107/115).Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the gold standard,the accuracyof transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy in diagnosis of fallopian tubes patency or obstruction was 93.0％(107/115),the sensitivity was 94.3％ (99/105),the specificity was 80.0％ (8/10).Conclusions Tansvaginalreal-time 3D-HyCoSy can provide dynamic,real-time and three-dimensional display of the fallopian tubes.Itcan get more accurate diagnostic information,so it's an important method.3D-HyCoSy is a safe and non-invasivemethod,so it plays an important clinical role in the screening,diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the transrectal ultrasonographic (TRUS) features of midline prostatic cysts and the semen analysis in infertile men. Methods The ultrasonographic characteristics of midline prostatic cysts were retrospectively analyzed in 34 infertile men, who underwent transrectal ultrasound and semen analysis in Suzhou Hospitial Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from November 2013 to October 2014. Results Thirty-four patients were detected by transrectal ultrasound with anechoic areas in their prostates. Among them, the cysts could be divided into 3 groups:17 ejaculatory duct cyst, 11 mullerian duct cyst and 6 true prostatic cyst. Ejaculatory duct cysts was connected with ipsilateral seminal vesicle and pointed to seminal hillock showing a water-drop shape on longitudinal view of ultrasound. Mullerian dust cysts were located at the base of the prostates behind the urethra with a water-drop shape on longitudinal view. True prostatic cysts were inside the prostates or under the prostate capsules with a round or oval shape either on longitudinal view or transverse view of ultrasound. Therefore, these midline prostate cysts could be differentiated by their anatomical position and shape. These patients then underwent semen analysis. By semen analysis, there were 13, 4, 1 aspermia and 2, 6, 2 oligospermia in patients with ejaculatory dust cysts, mullerian duct cysts, and true prostatic cysts, respectively. Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound can provide accurate information about the anatomical position and shape of midline prostatic cysts in infertile men. Combined with semen analysis, transrectal ultrasound can provide a reliable evidence for clinical treatment.