Study on the value of Michigan nerve screening scale, pain and tactile temperature detection and vibration perception threshold in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of Michigan nerve screening Scale (MNSI), pain, touch and temperature detection combined with vibratory perception threshold (VPT) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods:A total of 500 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received inpatient treatment in Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to December 2018 were selected. Sixty four patients with DPN were enrolled in the DPN group, and the remaining 436 patients were enrolled in the no-DPN group. The clinical data and the results of MNSI scale, pain, touch and temperature detection thresholds and VPT of the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the clinical value of single and combined examination indicators in the diagnosis of DPN.Results:MNSI symptom questionnaire score and MNSI physical examination score in DPN group were higher than those in no-DPN group: (3.00 ± 1.35) scores vs. (1.69 ± 0.52) scores, (1.57 ± 0.50) scores vs. (1.01 ± 0.24) scores; the proportion of touch regression, pain regression and temperature regression was significantly higher than that in no-DPN group; and the levels of VPT in the DPN group was higher than that in the no-DPN group: (26.34 ± 5.03) V vs. (17.97 ± 6.82) V, there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). When the single index was diagnosed, the area under the curve (AUC) value of VPT was the highest (0.825), and significantly higher than the pain, touch and temperature detection ( P<0.01). The AUC value of VPT + MNSI in combined diagnosis was the highest (0.738), and the sensitivity and specificity of DPN diagnosis were 51.56% and 96.10%, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with MNSI scale score, sensory detection such as pain, touch and temperature, VPT has the best diagnostic efficiency for DPN, while combined with MNSI, the specificity can be further improved, but the sensitivity decreases, which is worthy of clinical attention.

Association of glucose metabolism with adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women of Chongming area / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of hyperglycemia during pregnancy and its correlation with adverse pregnancy outcomes based on the retrospective analysis of glucose metabolism of pregnant women in Chongming area.Methods:A total of 604 singleton pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination and delivered normally in the Chongming branch of Xinhua Hospital from September 2019 to May 2021 were enrolled in the study. All subjects were divided into normal glucose tolerance gestation (NGTG) group and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group. Pregnant women whose blood glucose exceeded normal but did not meet the diagnostic criteria of GDM were classified into the intermediate state gestational blood glucose (ISGBG) group. Questionnaire, physical examination, and relevant laboratory tests were completed. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions 13.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL).Results:The incidence rate of GDM was 20.86% (126/604), ISGBG was 40.39% (244/604), and NGTG was 38.74% (234/604) in 604 pregnant women. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age ( OR=1.092, P<0.001), serum triglyceride ( OR=1.625, P=0.001) and free T 3 levels ( OR=1.995, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for GDM. The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, cesarean section, macrosomia, the total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and fetal birth weight in ISGBG and GDM were significantly higher than those in NGTG ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:The incidence of GDM in Chongming area is high, especially higher in that of ISGBG. As both GDM and ISGBG lead to increased adverse pregnancy outcomes, early monitoring should be paid more attention to pregnant women in ISGBG in addition to the early intervention of GDM.

Orthodontic treatment in cleft lip and palate team approach / 口腔疾病防治

@#Orthodontic treatment for dentofacial deformity is fundamental throughout the entire management process of cleft lip and palate. Orthodontist is one of those who are indispensable in the comprehensive multidisciplinary cleft team. Cleft lip and palate patients have unique dentofacial characteristics which makes the treatment goals and strategies different from those of other patients in different stages. For newborns with cleft lip and palate, the main treatment includes presurgical orthopedics. For patients in their primary dentition stage, the treatment mainly focuses on the prevention of bad oral habits and severe malocclusion. For those in their mixed dentition stage, the treatment mainly consists of dentition preparation for alveolar bone grafting and skeletal growth modification. For patients in their permanent dentition stage, treatment strategies include orthodontic camaflouge treatment, combined orthodontic-orthognathic approach and segmental alveolar distraction osteogenesis. In addition to routine orthodontic treatment, orthodontists should pay special attention to managing the compliance of cleft lip and palate patients with unique psychological characteristics. By summarizing the state-of-art cleft lip and palate orthodontic care in the multidisciplinary team, this review aims to involve more orthodontic clinicians to join in the modern biopsychosocial medical practice of cleft lip and palate team approach and to improve the standard of care for cleft lip and palate patients.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 positively modulates orthodontic tooth movement speed and alveolar bone mass / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To elucidate the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 on orthodontic tooth movement, aiming at providing evidence for improving orthodontic bone modeling and remodeling.@*Methods@#Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) models were established in 8-week-old Wistar rats, which were divided into 2 groups: the control group (tooth movement) and the test group (tooth movement with local injection of STAT3 inhibitor stattic). Rats were sacrificed on day 7 and 14. Micro-CT scanning was conducted to measure bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and bone mineral density (BMD), and the amount of tooth movement of the specimens. The mouse preosteoblastic cell line MC3T3-e1 and mononuclear macrophagic leukemia cell line RAW264.7 were cocultured in Transwell® culture plates and divided into the control group (blank) and the test group (STAT3 inhibitor stattic was added). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were carried out to reveal osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation, respectively. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate mRNA expression levels of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the MC3T3-e1 cells.@*Results @#Compared with the control group, in the test group, the alveolar bone at the OTM site showed a significant decrease in the BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and BMD indexes and a significant increase in Tb.Sp on day 14, while there was no significant difference in the above indexes between the two groups on day 7. The amount of tooth movement was significantly smaller in the test group on day 7 but showed no difference on day 14. ALP staining and TRAP staining revealed weakened osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation in the test group. qRT-PCR demonstrated the inhibitor inhibited the mRNA expression of RANKL and OPG and increased the mRNA ratio of RANKL/OPG in osteogenic precursor cells.@*Conclusion@#Suppression of STAT3 activation leads to inhibition of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation, resulting in lowered tooth movement and catabolic effects on alveolar bone. STAT3 may play an important role in orthodontic bone modeling and bone remodeling.

Selection of clinical diagnosic cut point of HbA1Cin Chongming rural areas of Shanghai / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the optimal HbA1Cthreshold to be used for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in Chongming rural area,and further to evaluate the optimal HbA1Ccutoff values in different age stratifications and body mass index classifications.Methods Data from 9,981 individuals aged greater than 40 years who participated in a population-based cross-sectional survey in Shanghai,China,were analyzed.A 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)value was used to diagnose diabetes.The performance of HbA1Cwas evaluated against the results of the OGTTs by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results At the optimal HbA1C cutoff point of 6.15%for newly diagnosed diabetes, sensitivity was 69.73%, and specificity was 89.71%.The optimal HbA1Ccutoff points for diabetes were 6.05%in subject with age less than 60 years(sensitivity was 72.88%, and specificity was 90.25%),and 6.25%in subjects with age≥60 years(sensitivity was 70.89%,and specificity was 92.34%).The optimal HbA1Ccutoff points for diabetes were 6.05% in normal-weight(with sensitivity 70.94%,and specificity 89.93%),6.25%in overweight(with sensitivity 70.21%,and specificity 90.32%), and 6.35% in obese population(with sensitivity 72.33%, and specificity 92.75%).Conclusion An HbA1C threshold of 6.15%was highly specific for detecting undiagnosed diabetes.The HbA1Cdiagnosis cutoff point can be affected by age and overweight/obesity status.

Effectsof shear stress at physiological level on mechanical sensitivity, adhesion and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in three-dimensional porous scaffold / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct the three-dimensional (3D) fluid model at the physiological level of shear stresses and study the effects of fluid shear stress (FSS) on adhesion, differentiation and mechanical sensitivity of osteoblasts. Methods The MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultured on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds were subjected to various FSSs in the perfusion flow chamber for 6 hours to compare cell adhesion in FSS-loading groups and control group. Nitric oxide (NO) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected to compare mechanical sensitivity and cell differentiation. The FSS magnitude and distributions corresponding to various fluid rates were calculated with nonlinear fluid-structure coupling analysis. Results Cell adhesion rate was up to 74%~81% when the average FSS magnitude was lower than 0.4 Pa, but reduced to 60.22% when the average FSS was 0.41 Pa. The NO production rate reached the maximal concentration after loading for 5 min, then significantly reduced at 15 min, and gradually diminished to none at 30 min. ALP level significantly increased (P0.05) with the increase of shear stress. Conclusions Majority of the cells kept a normal adherence to the scaffold at the physiological level of shear stresses. The mechanical sensitivity of the cells under 3D condition was dependent on the FSS rate, which was consistent with two-dimensional (2D) condition. When the average FSS was lower than 0.304 Pa in the scaffold, FSS could significantly promote cell differentiation, but no significant change in cell differentiation could be found when FSS was higher than 0.304 Pa. The present study is expected to accelerate the realization of bone tissue engineering.

Relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the relationship between abdominal obesity and left ventricular weight/function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 495 patients [265 males, mean age (55 +/- 12) years] with hypertension (139), diabetes (65), metabolic syndrome (285), diabetes complicated with hypertension (11) were enrolled in this study. Visceral adipose area (VA), the subcutaneous adipose (SA), the total abdominal adipose (TA) were measured by computerized tomography (CT) and left ventricular weight and function were obtained by echocardiography. Patients were divided into three groups according to the VA (I. VA<75 cm(2), n=173, II. VA>75 and < 110 cm(2), n=153, III. VA >or= 110 cm(2), n=169).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Left ventricular mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI) increased and LVEF and E/A decreased in proportion to increasing VA. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) rate was significantly higher in group II and III compared to group I and LVEF was significantly reduced in group III compared to group I and II. There are significant correlation between LVMI and VA, SA, TA as well as between LVEF and VA after adjusting gender, age and blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis showed that VA is an independent predictor for LVH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abdominal adipose accumulation is closely related to the left ventricular weight and function.</p>

PPARdelta + 294T/C gene polymorphism related to plasma lipid, obesity and left ventricular hypertrophy in subjects with metabolic syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between PPARdelta + 294T/C gene polymorphism and lipid profile, obesity and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study was conducted in 300 patients with MS and 174 patients with essential hypertension (EH) and 143 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MS was diagnosed according to 1999 WHO criteria. Fasting insulin (FINS), fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma lipids levels were measured, LVH was examined by Doppler echocardiography. The PPARdelta + 294T/C gene polymorphism were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and subsequently digested by BSLI restriction endonuclease.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of the PPARdelta + 294T/C genotypes were not different among three groups. Compared with T2DM and EH, MS patients had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), plasma total cholesterol, TG and LDL-C levels (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). LVM, LVMI and incidence rate of LVH were significantly higher in MS and EH patients than that in T2DM (P < 0.01). MS patients with CC genotype had significantly higher total cholesterol and LDL-C levels than those with TT and TC genotypes (total cholesterol in CC genotype: 6.13 +/- 1.86 mmol/L vs in TC genotype: 5.14 +/- 1.10 mmol/L, P < 0.05, and CC genotype: 6.13 +/- 1.86 mmol/L vs TT genotype: 4.99 +/- 1.42 mmol/L, P < 0.01; LDL-C in CC genotype: 3.82 +/- 1.52 mmol/L vs in TC genotype: 3.14 +/- 0.88 mmol/L, P < 0.05, and in CC genotype: 3.82 +/- 1.52 mmol/L vs in TT genotype: 2.90 +/- 0.87 mmol/L, P < 0.01). BMI and LVMI in MS patients with C allele carriers (CC + TC) were significantly higher than that of TT genotype (LVMI in CC + TC: 46 +/- 10 g/m(2.7) vs in TT: 44 +/- 10 g/m(2.7); BMI in CC + TC: 26 +/- 3 kg/m(2) vs in TT: 25 +/- 3 kg/m(2), P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is indicated that PPARdelta + 294T/C gene polymorphism in subjects with MS may be involved in the occurrence of obesity and dyslipidemia. MS patients with C allele had a predominant LVH than subjects with TT genotype.</p>

High level expression of chimeric antibody fragment F(ab')2 directed against CD20 in Escherichia coli / 生物工程学报

The use of tumor antigen specific antibody for the delivery of therapeutic agents offers the possibility of targeting therapy with reduced toxicity to normal tissues compared to conventional treatments. In previous work, the human-mouse chimeric antibody fragment Fab' directed against CD20 was constructed from the new anti-CD20 antibody HI47 (a mouse IgG3, K). The chimeric antibody fragment Fab' could reduce its antigenicity, but the yield, quality and affinity of chimeric antibody fragment Fab' restrict its use. To improve affinity of chimeric antibody fragment Fab', a new phasmid pYZcpp3, which expresses chimeric antibody fragment F(ab')2, was constructed by adding a sequence encoding a small peptide, (CPP)3, to C-terminus of heavy chain constant region of chimeric antibody fragment Fab'. Using the pYZcpp3 to transform E. coli. 16c9, the genetically engineered bacteria 10916# was obtained. 10916# can secret the soluble chimeric antibody fragment Fab' and F(ab')2 into periplasmic. The yield was up to 360 mg/L with the percent of F(ab')2 up to 45% in 19L fermentor by the high density fermentation technology. Without denaturation and renaturation, the F(ab')2 has possessed the native three-dimensional structure. The purity of F(ab')2 was more than 90% after the purification of protein G affinity chromatography and S200 size exclusion chromatography. The F(ab')2 could distinguish and bind to Raji cells (CD20+) by FACS. F(ab')2 could inhibit the proliferation of Raji cells in vitro by MTT, IC50 was 22.8 microg/mL. HI47 and its chimeric fragments F(ab')2 induced a significant level of apoptosis (23.5%, 20.8%, respectively), independent of any cross-linking agents, in Raji cells after 24 h incubation. The chimeric antibody fragment F(ab')2 directed against CD20 is possible to apply to tumor therapy in clinic in the future.

Polymorphism of the leptin gene promoter in pedigrees of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chongqing, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It has been shown that the presence of leptin is associated with deabefes, glucose wefabolism and insulin metablism. In this research, we evaluated the presence of the leptin C-2549-A polymorphism in the Chinese population in Chongqing and verified its association with plasma leptin levels and anthropometric, metabolic, and clinical parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and sixty-nine patients with diabetes, 135 non-diabetic first-degree relatives of the patients, and 85 healthy controls were screened for the presence of C-2549-A polymorphism using a PCR-RFLP assay. Body mass index, fasting leptin, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA)-IR were also determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the type 2 diabetes group, AA genotype frequency (6.32%) and A allele frequency (34.94%) was higher than in normal controls (1.18% and 25.29%, respectively). Diabetic patients with the AA genotype had lower fasting leptin and insulin levels than those with other genotypes. Carriers with the AC genotype had decreased fasting leptin and insulin levels and longer duration of disease as compared with those with CC genotype. The HOMA-IR of patients with AA or AC genotypes was lower than those with the CC genotype. In non-diabetic relatives group, individuals with the AA genotype had a lower fasting leptin level than those with the AC genotype. The fasting insulin and HOMA-IR level of carriers of the AA or AC genotype were lower than those of the CC genotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The C-2549-A polymorphism in the leptin gene is associated with fasting leptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. The distribution of the genotypes in diabetic subjects from diabetic pedigrees differs from those in normal controls. The A allele frequency in diabetic patients is higher than that in normal controls. The haplotypes defined by genotypes are different in the familial subjects.</p>

Relation between single nucleotide polymorphism in estrogen-metabolizing genes COMT, CYP17 and breast cancer risk among Chinese women / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the hypothesis whether polymorphism in estrogen-metabolizing genes, COMT and CYP17, impacts on the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>COMT (Val158Met) and CYP17 (T1931C) polymorphisms were detected by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 250 breast cancer patients and 250 frequency-matched normal controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>COMT Met/Met genotype was found in 10.4% of breast cancer patients, which was significantly higher (P = 0.03) than that in controls (5.2%). Women with Met/Met genotype showed 2-fold increased risk for breast cancer (adjusted OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 - 4.5) compared with those with Val/Val or Val/Met genotypes. Stratified analysis showed that the elevated risk of breast cancer, associating with the COMT Met/Met genotype, was evident only among premenopausal women (adjusted OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2 - 17.3) but not among postmenopausal women (adjusted OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.5 - 3.5). There was no significant difference in the distribution of CYP17 genotypes between breast cancer patients and the control subjects (P = 0.83).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The allele encoding for low activity COMT, but not CYP17, may be a genetic risk factor for breast cancer among Chinese women.</p>

Expression of chimeric anti-CD3 IgG antibody in mammalian cells and analysis of its biological activity / 生物工程学报

The anti-CD3 antibody can improve success rate of organs transplant. HIT3a, a mouse anti-CD3 antibody, was chimerized by using gene engineering methods to decrease its immunogenity. The anti-CD3 genes, heavy chain and light chain, were cloned using PCR from the vector pCANTAB 5E containing anti-CD3 scFv gene fragment, and two PCR fragments were recombined into the expression vector pKN100 with human antibody light constant domain and pG1D105 with human antibody heavy constant domain, respectively. The two vectors were co-transfected into CHO cells using liposome. The anti-CD3 antibody was detected by ELISA and Western blot assay in supernatant of transfected CHO cells culture. The primary results of competitive assays by FACS showed that anti-CD3 antibody could partially block the sites through which parent antibody (HIT3a) bind to CD3+ Jurkat cells. The result of 3H-TdR incorporation showed that the chimeric anti-CD3 antibody could stimulated proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as the parent antibody. In this thesis, the results of some experiments indicated that the chimeric anti-CD3 antibody expressed in CHO cells was an antibody with native biological activity, and it is possible to apply to in clinic in the future.

Cell biological mechanism involved in the effect of sodium selenite on improving insulin sensitivity / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the cell biological mechanism of sodium selenite improving insulin sensitivity in pubertal rats with insulin resistance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The content of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) was examined by anion resin chromatography, and mRNA levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunits (PI3Kp85 alpha) and Se-P were detected by RT-PCR in hepatocyte isolated from pubertal rats with insulin resistance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA levels of Se-P and PI3Kp85 alpha and content of IP3 in isolated hepatocyte decreased in pubertal male rats with insulin resistance. The above indices increased and reached normal level in rats supplied with selenium. The response to insulin stimulation in isolated hepatocyte in rats with selenium supply was similar to that in the control group, and both groups had higher response than those with high-fat diet. Alone when inhibited by wortmannin, the concentration of IP3 increased slightly in rats with selenium supply, but still was lower than that in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results indicate that the effect of selenium improving insulin sensitivity may be related to phosphatidylinositol PI3K signalling pathway. The effect of regulation of IP3 by selenium is not as effective as that by insulin, which may explain the difference of effect between selenium and insulin.</p>

Poly(AT) polymorphism in DNA repair gene XPC and lung cancer risk / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>It has been shown that suboptimal DNA repair capacity is associated with cancer risk and that a poly(AT) polymorphism in XPC gene (XPC PAT) may influence DNA capacity. This study was designed to assess the relationship between XPC PAT polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer in the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>XPC genotypes were determined by PCR methods in 509 healthy controls and 597 patients with lung cancer. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Genotype frequencies of XPC PAT among controls were 37.9% (PAT-/-), 49.7% (PAT+/-) and 12.4% (PAT+/+), respectively. They were not significantly different from those among lung cancer patients (42.1%, 46.7% and 11.2%, respectively; P = 0.37). Individuals carrying XPC PAT+/+ genotype were not at increased risk for lung cancer as compared with those with PAT+/- or PAT-/- genotype (adjusted OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.55 approximately 1.16). No interaction between XPC genotype and smoking was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings indicate that the XPC PAT polymorphism may not be associated with risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population.</p>

One amino acid mutation in an anti-CD20 antibody fragment that affects the yield bacterial secretion and the affinity / 生物工程学报

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against CD20, either unmodified or in radiolabeled forms, have been successfully exploited in clinic as effective therapeutic agents in the management of non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. The antibody fragment is a potential agent in image and therapy of tumor. To further improve the soluble expression of anti-CD20 antibody Fab' fragment, PCR was used to mutate the anti-CD20 VL and VH genes and its biological activity was identified. The expression vector of chimeric antibody Fab' was constructed and expressed in E. coli. The data of mutant clone DNA sequence showed that the amino acid of light chain gene of the parent anti-CD20 antibody (H47) was successful mutated as Ser (GAG)-Asn (CAG). The soluble expression of mutated anti-CD20 Fab' (CD20-7) was 3.8 mg/g dry cell weight, while the parent (CD20-2) was 1.3 mg/g dry cell weight. The affinity constant Ka of CD20-7 was 2.2 x 10(9) L/mol. The primary results of competitive assays by FACS showed that CD20-7 could partially block the sites through which parent antibody (HI47) bind to Raji cells. There was difference in the Raji cells (CD20+)-binding activity between the mutant CD20-7 and parent CD20-2. The site mutation of anti-CD20 Fab' gene make it possible that the anti-CD20 antibody fragment was succeeded to obtain higher expression. In this thesis, we succeeded in completing mutation and expression of anti-CD20 Fab' genes, distinguishing its biological activity, and obtaining its highly expression. These period results will lay a foundation for development of other kind of anti-CD20 engineering antibody (for instance: Fab' Diabody and miniantibody), and make it possible for anti-CD20 antibody to be applied to tumor therapy in civil in the future.

Association of genetic polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene XPD with risk of lung and esophageal cancer in a Chinese population in Beijing / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>XPD polymorphisms at Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln sites have been shown to modulate DNA repair capacity. The authors therefore assessed the relationship between these XPD polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung and esophageal cancer in a Chinese population via a hospital-based, case-control study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism approaches in 383 healthy controls, 351 patients with lung cancer, and 325 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Individuals carrying at least one 312Asn variant allele (Asp/Asn and Asn/Asn genotypes) were at an increased risk for lung SCC as compared with those with the Asp/Asp genotype (OR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.10-2.93; adjusted for age, sex and smoking), but this increased risk was not observed among patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung (adjusted OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.55-2.08). Furthermore, stratified analysis indicated a multiplicative interaction between tobacco smoking and the variant XPD 312Asn and 751Gln alleles on risk of lung SCC. The ORs of lung SCC for the variant XPD 312Asn and 751Gln alleles with smoking>or=29 pack/year were 12.44 (95% CI: 4.97-31.17) and 10.74 (95% CI: 4.51-25.57), respectively. No significant association between the Asp312Asn or Lys751Gln polymorphism and the risk of esophageal cancer was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The above findings indicate that the Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln polymorphisms in the XPD locus are associated with the risk of lung SCC but not lung adenocarcinoma or esophageal SCC in this Chinese population.</p>

INFLUENCE OF TAURINE ON LEARNING AND MEMORY CYTOKINES IN RATS INTRAHIPPOCAMPALLY INJECTED WITH ?-AMYLOID / 营养学报

Objective: To investigate the effect of taurine on learning and memory impairment, cytokines secretion in rats intrahippocampally injected with ?-amyloid (A?) 1-40. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into control group, A? injected group, taurine (0.3g/kg?d, 0.6g/kg?d) groups. The rats were fed with taurine for 7 days, and then subjected to bilateral intrahippocampus injection of A?1-40 or vehicle. Two weeks later, all rats performed Morris water maze test. The contents of IL-6, TNF-? were checked by way of radio-immunity assay for hippocampus samples. Results: Compared with A?model group, the escape latency and distance were significantly reduced in taurine (0.6g/kg?d) group; the ratio of swimming distance in the target quadrant to that in the whole pool of the probe trial; the content of cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-?in hippocampus were reduced significantly. Conclusion: Taurine can effectively attenuate the cognitive dysfunction caused by A?1-40 in rats. The reduced cytokines content in hippocampus might contribute to this effect.