Cognitive impairment and its influencing factors in the elderly / 预防医学

Objective To study the cognitive impairment and its influencing factors in people aged 60 years old or above. Methods From April to June in 2015, A total of 1 576 people aged 60 years or above in Yiwu were selected by the cluster random sampling method. The cognitive function of the respondents was evaluated by Zhejiang Major Public Health Monitoring? Program Questionnaire and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) . Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly. Results A total of 1 569 people were effectively investigated, of which 121 (7.71%) were diagnosed with cognitive impairment. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (OR70～=1.792, 95%CI: 1.135-2.830; OR80～=4.060, 95%CI: 2.487-6.628), female (OR=1.739, 95%CI:1.135-2.664) , poor domestic economic condition (OR=2.339, 95% CI: 1.239-4.415) were the risk factors for cognitive impairment, while living with more than 4 people (OR=0.462, 95%CI: 0.246-0.867) and physical exercise (OR=0.592, 95%CI: 0.356-0.983) were the protective factors for cognitive impairment. Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 7.71% in the elderly in Yiwu. Age, gender, family economic condition, housing condition and physical exercise were associated with cognitive impairment.

Comparison of the anti-fertility effects of four extracts from the roots of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the anti-fertility effects of the four extracts from the roots of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour on male mice, that is, ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate extract, n-butanol extract and aqueous extract.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four extracts from the roots of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour (1%, 0.1 ml/10 g), were administered orally for 11 weeks to adult male mice. The fertility and testicular function of the mice were assessed by mating tests and analyses of sperm motility in cauda epididymides and biochemical and histological indexes in the blood samples and reproductive organs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The four extracts, especially aqueous extract, gradually decreased the pregnancy rate of the experimental mice from the 77th day of the treatment, with an obvious reduction in the number of spermatozoa. Morphological observation of the reproductive organs by light microscopy showed that the numbers of the secondary spermatocytes and spermatids were decreased in varied degrees, and the seminiferous tubules were disarranged, while the numbers and shapes of and spermatids were decreased in varied degrees, and the seminiferous tubules were disarranged, while the numbers and shapes of spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells remained unchanged.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The four extracts from the roots of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour all have anti-fertility effects on male mice, and that of the aqueous extract is more obvious.</p>

Inhibitory effect on male mouse procreation and chemical composition analysis of Rhynchosia volubilis ethyl acetate extract / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Rhynchosia volubilis Lour ethyl acetate extract (RVLEAE) on male mouse procreation and analyse their chemical composition.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>With the method of solvent extraction, RVLEAE was extracted and concentrated. In the experiment of mice, 80 male mice were randomly and equally divided into four groups: Normal Saline control, positive control with 0.1% triperygium wilfordii glycoside, 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) RVLEAE and 400 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) RVLEAE. Every mouse was fed with drug 0.01 mL x g(-1), once a day, ig, for eleven consecutive weeks. After two and 10 weeks, male and female mouse naturally mated for one week. The pregnancy rate, number of fetus and nonviable fetus, the viability of spermatozoon in the epididymis cauda, pathological change of testis and epididymis were observed in this experiment. In the analysis of chemical composition, RVLEAE were separated with column chromatography, and chemical compositions were identified with thinlayer chromatography, infrared chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The pregnancy rate of mice was markedly decreased. The number and viability of spermatozoon were slightly reduced in I and II after two and 10 weeks, but the pathological changes of testis and epididymis were markedly occurred. Main chemical compositions were identified as saccharide, glycosides especially analog of fucose, alcohols, and phenols.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RVLEAE can inhibit the procreation of male mice, and inhibitory target tissue may be the epididymis. Active mechanism of RVLEAE may be that glycosides interfere the maturation of spermatozoon in the epididymis cauda.</p>