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Objective:To investigate the anti-fatigue phenomenon induced by forced swimming in the mice,and to explore the anti-fatigue effect of argininyl fructoyl glucose (AFG) from red ginseng in the mice and its mechanism.Methods:The AFG was extracted from red ginseng.The ICR mice were divided into blank control group,low dose of AFG group (100 mg · kg-1),middle dose of AFG group (200 mg · kg-1) and high dose of AFG group (400 mg · kg-1) (n=20).The mice mere given a forced swimming test after continuous gavage for 28 d.The weights,organ indexes,time of forced swimming,contents of lactic acid (LD),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),hepatic glycogen (Gly) and expressing levels of PGC-1α in gastrocnemius of the mice in various groups were detected.Results:Compared with blank control group,the weights and organ indexes of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05).Compared with blank control group,the time of forced swimming,contents of Gly and expressing levels of PGC-1α of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with blank control group,The contents of LD and BUN in serum of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:AFG has anti-fatigue effect in mice,and its mechanism may be related to energy metabolism.
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Objective:To investigate the anti-fatigue phenomenon induced by forced swimming in the mice,and to explore the anti-fatigue effect of argininyl fructoyl glucose (AFG) from red ginseng in the mice and its mechanism.Methods:The AFG was extracted from red ginseng.The ICR mice were divided into blank control group,low dose of AFG group (100 mg · kg-1),middle dose of AFG group (200 mg · kg-1) and high dose of AFG group (400 mg · kg-1) (n=20).The mice mere given a forced swimming test after continuous gavage for 28 d.The weights,organ indexes,time of forced swimming,contents of lactic acid (LD),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),hepatic glycogen (Gly) and expressing levels of PGC-1α in gastrocnemius of the mice in various groups were detected.Results:Compared with blank control group,the weights and organ indexes of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05).Compared with blank control group,the time of forced swimming,contents of Gly and expressing levels of PGC-1α of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with blank control group,The contents of LD and BUN in serum of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:AFG has anti-fatigue effect in mice,and its mechanism may be related to energy metabolism.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 by the method of enzymolysis with the protopananxtriol saponins, and to provide the theory for large-scale preparation of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>AB-8 macroporous resin was used to isolate the total saponins of the stems and leaves from Panax ginseng and the protopanaxtriol saponins (mainly included Rg1 and Re) were obtained. Then, we used enzymic hydrolysis (helicase) with the protopanaxtriol saponins to get the secondary ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh1. High performance liquid chromatography analysis method was established to determine the conversion with the YMC C18 column at the 25 degrees C. The flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1) and detective wavelength was 203 nm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile(A)-water(B) was eluted by the way of 0-29 min,19%-26% A, 29-30 min, 26%-30% A, 30-55 min, 30%-38% A, 55-60 min, 38%-40% A.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Highly purified protopanaxtriol saponins were obtained through AB-8 macroporous resin. The average conversion was 36.7%. The method was simple and stable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is able to obtain secondary ginsenoside 20 (S)-Rh1 with high efficiency. This study develop the preparation resource for the ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh1.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Enzymes , Chemistry , Ginsenosides , Hydrolysis , Panax , Chemistry , Saponins , Chemistry , SnailsABSTRACT
"Resolving,espulsing and tonifying" three methods are the general outline of endotherapy in surgery of TCM.The author of this article thinks that pelvic inflammation and appendagitis can be classified in internal ulcer and vusceral carbuncle,and it can be treated by "Resolving,espulsing and tonifying" three methods.As the general programme of treating female inflammatory aphoria in different periods,the three methods can avoid exfetatio and promote the probability of pregnancy.Resolving method is applied in acute period of inflammatory aphoria,active period of chronic inflammatory and chronic pelvic inflammation when abdominal mass has formed but vital qi is not deficient.The pathologic character in this period is sufficiency of vital qi and excessive of pathogenic qi.Expulsing method is applied in inflammatory aphoria patients whose pathogenic has not been cleared but the vital qi has been harmed,at this time damp heat pathogen poison remain in uterus meridians and the nvital qi has no power to resist pathogen,and whose corporeity is always week and infects pathogen poison which results in the course of diseases being repeated and prolonged.Tonifying method is applied after the resolving and espulsing methods have been used.In this period,damp heat stasis have been cleared,inflammation and inflammatory matters have been absorbed,disease has been improved and patient has had condition to be pregnant.Tonifying method can promote human generative function and improve the possibility of conception.
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Object To study the causes for the occurrence of red skin and dark green skin of Panax quinquefolius L. during processing and its mechanism. Methods To observe the phenomena and analyze the result which simulated the processing condition of P. quinquefolius based on its components. Results The cross section of P. quinquefolius began to appear light red at 40 ℃, lasting 72 h. Whereas the time of browning was shortened with the temperature rising. The cross section of P. quinquefolius turned green while dipping in solution of Fe 3+ ion of 0 01 mol/L for 25 min. The time of turning green was shortened with the increasing concentration of Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ solution. Conclusion The results show that red skin of P. quinquefolius was caused by the Maillard reaction while drying at the excessive higher temperature. Whereas the complex reaction between phenolic substances in P. quinquefolius and metal ions during processing might result in dark green skin of P. quinquefolius. This expounds the mechanism of red skin and dark green skin turning during the P. quinquefolius processing in the theory.
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Objective To establish the preparation techniques for preparing the reference substance of platycodin-D.Methods Raw material of platycodi radix was extracted with 70 %MeOH.The concentrated extract passed through D101 macroporous resin column,then the 40 %alcohol eluate was separated by silica gel column chromatography with chloroform-methanol gradient elution.The fractions contained platycodin-D were collected and purified by HPLC.Results HPLC analysis and normalization of peak areas showed the purity of the platycodin-D was 98.8 %.Conclusions The preparation techniques are simple and high yield,can be used for preparing the reference substance of platycodin-D.
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Objective:? N oxalo L ?,? diaminopropionic acid were isolated from the powder of red ginseng. its physiological characteristics were studied. Method:This material is obtained by CM Sephadex C 25 and FPLC MonoQ. We have examined the effect of ? N oxalo L ?,? diaminopropionic acid on contraction of artery of guinea pig. Result:When histamin and adrenalin do not exist, there is neither contraction nor relaxation. It can strengthen induction of contraction of artery of guinea pig, but it has no such effect on adrenalin. Besides, it doesn't induce plaque coagulation through adrenalin, ADP blood coagulation enzyme and collagen. It doesn't suppress the transformation from tension peptide of blood vessel to enzyme.Conclusion:Hemostatic effect of ? N oxalo L ?,? dlaminopropinomie acid may caused by vesseles contraction through promoting Histamine.
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The precocious puberty in female rats were induced by subcutaneous injection of N-methyl-DL-aspartate (NMA). The female rats with induced precocious puberty showed the same sexual feature as the rats that had normal puberty. NMA plays its role at the level of hypothalamus. Subcutaneous injection of NMA is an effective means to induce true precocious puberty in female rats.