Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in Chinese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of Chinese adolescents physical and mental health.@*Methods@#From September to December 2022, a total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi were selected by stratified cluster sampling method to assess cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function. Pearson s correlation and linear hierarchical regression were performed to analyze the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions.@*Results@#Among the sample of adolescents, maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) was negatively correlated with the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion executive function responses ( r=-0.07, -0.12, -0.12, P <0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that VO 2max was negatively correlated with the reaction times of the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion functions ( B=-2.99, -6.44, -1.69, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Higher cardiorespiratory fitness among adolescents is associated with better performance in executive function. Teenagers should strengthen high intensity cardiopulmonary endurance exercise to promote the improvement of executive function.

Insomnia Burden among Informal Caregivers of Hospitalized Lung Cancer Patients and Its Influencing Factors / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to reveal the insomnia burden and relevant influencing factors among informal caregivers (ICs) of hospitalized patients with lung cancer.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study on ICs of hospitalized patients with lung cancer was conducted from December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2021. ICs' burden was assessed using the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Linear and logistic regression models were used to identify the influencing factors.@*RESULTS@#Among 289 ICs of hospitalized patients with lung cancer, 83 (28.72%), 53 (18.34%), and 14 (4.84%) ICs experienced mild, moderate, and severe insomnia, respectively. The scores concerning self-esteem, lack of family support, financial problems, disturbed schedule, and health problems were 4.32 ± 0.53, 2.24 ± 0.79, 2.84 ± 1.14, 3.63 ± 0.77, and 2.44 ± 0.95, respectively. ICs with higher Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS) scores were associated with a lower risk of insomnia, with an odd ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of 0.940 (0.898-0.983). Among the ICs, female gender ( OR = 2.597), alcohol consumption ( OR = 3.745), underlying medical conditions ( OR = 11.765), long-term caregiving experience ( OR = 37.037), and higher monthly expenses ( OR = 5.714) were associated with a high risk of insomnia.@*CONCLUSION@#Of the hospitalized patients with lung cancer, 51.9% experienced insomnia. Patients' ADL, ICs gender, alcohol consumption, underlying medical conditions, caregiving duration, and monthly expenses were influencing factors. Therefore, prompt screening and early intervention for ICs of patients with lung cancer is necessary.

Effects of radiation therapy on tumor microenvironment: an updated review / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Cancer is a major threat to human health and causes death worldwide. Research on the role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of cancer is progressing; however, RT not only causes fatal DNA damage to tumor cells, but also affects the interactions between tumor cells and different components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including immune cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, extracellular matrix, and some soluble products. Some cancer cells can survive radiation and have shown strong resistance to radiation through interaction with the TME. Currently, the complex relationships between the tumor cells and cellular components that play major roles in various TMEs are poorly understood. This review explores the relationship between RT and cell-cell communication in the TME from the perspective of immunity and hypoxia and aims to identify new RT biomarkers and treatment methods in lung cancer to improve the current status of unstable RT effect and provide a theoretical basis for further lung cancer RT sensitization research in the future.

Length of stay and inpatient charges of total knee arthroplasty in China: analysis of a national database / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#There are limited data on the resource utilization of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in China. This study aimed to examine the length of stay (LOS) and inpatient charges of TKA in China, and to investigate their determinants.@*METHODS@#We included patients undergoing primary TKA in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China between 2013 and 2019. LOS and inpatient charges were obtained, and their associated factors were further assessed using multivariable linear regression.@*RESULTS@#A total of 184,363 TKAs were included. The LOS decreased from 10.8 days in 2013 to 9.3 days in 2019. The admission-to-surgery interval decreased from 4.6 to 4.2 days. The mean inpatient charges were 61,208.3 Chinese Yuan. Inpatient charges reached a peak in 2016, after which a gradual decrease was observed. Implant and material charges accounted for a dominating percentage, but they exhibited a downward trend, whereas labor-related charges gradually increased. Single marital status, non-osteoarthritis indication, and comorbidity were associated with longer LOS and higher inpatient charges. Female sex and younger age were associated with higher inpatient charges. There were apparent varieties of LOS and inpatient charges among provincial or non-provincial hospitals, hospitals with various TKA volume, or in different geographic regions.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The LOS following TKA in China appeared to be long, but it was shortened during the time period of 2013 to 2019. The inpatient charges dominated by implant and material charges exhibited a downward trend. However, there were apparent sociodemographic and hospital-related discrepancies of resource utilization. The observed statistics can lead to more efficient resource utilization of TKA in China.

Application of vestibular function examination in the analysis of damaged site in patients with acute vestibular neuritis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To analyze the site of vestibular nerve damaged in patients with acute vestibular neuritis. Methods:Fifty-seven patients with acute vestibular neuritis were recruited, and each patient underwent caloric irrigation test, video head impulse test（vHIT） and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials（VEMPs）. The results were further analyzed. Results:Analysis of abnormal rates of different vestibular function tests: the abnormal rate of caloric irrigation test, horizontal semicircular canal vHIT, anterior semicircular canal vHIT, and posterior semicircular canal vHIT were 92.98%, 92.98%, 92.98%, and 52.63%, respectively. The abnormal rate of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials（cVEMP） and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials（oVEMP） were 52.63% and 89.47%. The abnormal rate of caloric irrigation test, horizontal semicircular canal vHIT, anterior semicircular canal vHIT, and oVEMP were significantly higher than posterior semicircular canal vHIT and cVEMP（P<0.01）. Combination analysis of different vestibular function tests: there are twenty-six patients（45.61%, superior and inferior vestibular nerve） with abnormal caloric irrigation test, video head impulse test, and VEMPs. There are twenty-five patients（43.86%, superior vestibular nerve） with abnormal caloric irrigation test, horizontal semicircular canal vHIT, anterior semicircular canal vHIT, and oVEMP. There are 4 patients（7.02%, inferior vestibular nerve） with abnormal posterior semicircular canal vHIT and cVEMP. There are two patients（3.51%, ampullary vestibular nerve） with abnormal caloric irrigation test, horizontal semicircular canal vHIT, and anterior semicircular canal vHIT. The rate of superior and inferior vestibular neuritis and superior vestibular neuritis were significantly higher than inferior vestibular neuritis and ampullary vestibular neuritis（P<0.01）. Conclusion:Acute vestibular neuritis subtypes can be divided into four categories: superior and inferior vestibular neuritis, superior vestibular neuritis, inferior vestibular neuritis, and ampullary vestibular neuritis. Video head impulse test can accurately assess the site of vestibular nerve damage in patients with acute vestibular neuritis. In addition, vHIT combined with VEMPs can provide objective evidence for the diagnosis of ampullary vestibular neuritis.

Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary dentition during molar distalization with clear aligners under different movement designs: an in vitro experiment / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional force in the maxillary dentition under different movement designs for molar distalization with clear aligners Methods: Three groups were designed: simultaneous movement group (simultaneous distalization of maxillary first and second molars), second molar movement group (distalization of maxillary second molars) and first molar movement group (distalization of maxillary first molars). Ten clear aligners were made in each group, and the displacement was designed to be 0.2 mm. A force sensing device was established to measure the three-dimensional force on the upper dentition with the clear aligner. The device contained a model of the maxillary dentition consisting of 14 teeth, each tooth connected to an individual sensor. After the clear aligner was fitted, the data of 14 sensors were collected and analyzed using computer analysis software. The moving teeth were taken as the target teeth, and the rest of the teeth were anchorage. The data of the three-dimensional force in the three groups in each tooth position were measured and compared. Results: The sagittal forces on the first and second molars in the simultaneous movement group were (5.61±0.94) and (5.81±1.08) N, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those of the target teeth in the same position in other groups (P<0.05). The second molars in the first molar movement group received a sagittal reaction force, which was (-6.73±1.99) N. The anterior teeth in the three groups were all subjected to sagittal reaction force, and the force value was in a range of (-3.33 to 0.46) N. In the coronal direction, the second premolars of the simultaneous movement group received the reaction force in the palatal direction, and the force value was (-2.17±1.06) N. The first molars in the second molar movement group were also subjected to palatal reaction force of (-1.99±0.70) N. The second molars and second premolars in the first molar movement group were also subjected to palatal reaction force, which were (-2.85±0.57) and (-1.85±0.74) N, respectively. Compared with the sagittal and coronal forces, the target teeth and anchorage teeth in the three groups were less stressed in the vertical direction. Conclusions: The first and second molars distalized simultaneously, the correction force in the sagittal direction was relatively small. When first molar was moved distally alone, a greater reaction force in the sagittal direction was exerted on the second molar. Buccal displacement of the adjacent anchorage teeth should be designed to counteract the palatal reaction force on the anchorage teeth as the molars moved distally.

Development of an on-line and off-line blended teaching practice for Biochemistry Experiments / 生物工程学报

On-line and off-line blended teaching is one of the directions for future experimental teaching mode reform in universities. Blended teaching is characterized by systematic course design, repeatable knowledge nodes, autonomous learning and frequent interaction between teachers and students. The on-line and off-line blended teaching course of Biochemistry Experiments in Zhejiang University includes massive open online course (MOOC), off-line comprehensive series of experiments and independent experiments design and practice. The blended teaching practice of this course expanded experimental teaching content, developed standardized preparation, process and assessment mechanism, and promoted shared application of the course.

Establishment and application of detection methods of dicamba in drinking water / 环境与职业医学

Background Dicamba is widely used in agricultural production in China, but it is extremely soluble in water and can be harmful to human health when it enters the body via water drinking. It is necessary to establish an accurate, sensitive, and rapid detection method to determine the residues of dicamba in domestic drinking water. Objective To establish two methods for the determination of dicamba residues in drinking water by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) respectively. Methods The conditions of the proposed method using HPLC-MS/MS included CAPCELL PAK ST chromatographic column, ammonium formate water solution and methanol as the mobile phase, and isocratic elution. The system was operated under multiple reaction monitoring mode and electrospray negative ionization mode. Trimethylsilylated diazomethane was used as a derivatizing agent for GC-MS/MS, and an external standard curve was used to evaluate the system. The residues of dicamba in seven water samples of tap water or secondary water supply from six regions in Chengdu were detected by the established systems to evaluate their applicability and to understand the status quo of dicamba residues in drinking water. Results For the HPLC-MS/MS, the linear range of dicamba was 1.00-100 μg·L−1, the regression equation was \begin{document}$\hat Y $\end{document}=1250.9X+2681.5, the correlation coefficient was 0.9988, the relative standard deviations were 1.23%-26.3%, the limit of detection was 0.95 μg·L−1, and the spiked recoveries were 91.8%-111%. For the GC-MS/MS, the linear range of dicamba was 0.200-10.0 μg·L−1, the regression equation was \begin{document}$\hat Y $\end{document}=190597X+40911, the correlation coefficient was 0.9993, the relative standard deviations were 0.64%-3.90%, the limit of detection was 0.18 μg·L−1, and the spiked recoveries were 97.3%-105%. No dicamba residue was identified in the seven water samples of tap water or secondary water supply from six regions in Chengdu by the proposed methods. Conclusion The two detection methods established in this study are sensitive and rapid, meet the requirements from the detection of dicamba residues in drinking water, and provide an experimental basis for subsequent research on the detection of dicamba residues. In the future, it is necessary to continue to pay attention to the pollution of dicamba in drinking water in Chengdu.

Optical coherence tomography angiography quantitative analysis of the effect of modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction on blood flow to the optic disc in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction in treating non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)of qi and yin deficiency and stagnation of collaterals, and to quantitatively analyze the changes in peripapillary vessel density before and after treatment using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A randomized controlled trial was used to collect a total of 58 patients(99 eyes)with qi and yin deficiency and stagnation of collaterals NPDR who visited our hospital from June 2022 to November 2022, and patients were randomly divided into an observation group(n=29, 51 eyes)and a control group(n=29, 48 eyes). The control group received basic treatment according to the recommendations for DR published by the American Academy of Ophthalmology in 2019(blood glucose control, diabetes health education, and regular follow-up for patients with mild NPDR; and add local/grid-like laser photocoagulation if necessary for patients with moderate NPDR), while the observation group received modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction in addition to the basic treatment for 1mo. The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)efficacy, peripapillary telangiectasia vessel density(ppVD), and changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)thickness were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.RESULTS:The BCVA(LogMAR)of the observation group was 0.20(0.10, 0.30)after 1mo of treatment, which was significantly improved compared with that of the control group of 0.30(0.20, 0.40; P&#x003C;0.05). The TCM efficacy in the observation group after 1mo of treatment was better than that in the control group(P&#x003C;0.05). The ppVD in all quadrants of the observation group showed a significant improvement at 1mo after treatment, and the ppVD in all quadrants of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P&#x003C;0.05). The pRNFL thickness in the superior, temporal, and average peripapillary areas of the observation group increased after 1mo of treatment, and the pRNFL thickness in the superior, temporal, inferior quadrants, and average peripapillary area of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION:Modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction can improve visual acuity and enhance TCM efficacy in patients with NPDR of qi and yin deficiency and stagnation of collaterals. It may be related to its ability to improve ppVD and reduce damage to the pRNFL.

Platelet-rich Plasma Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization via Regulating AMPK Singling Pathway / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in inducing the M2 macrophage polarization via regulating AMPK singling pathway.@*METHODS@#The expressions of M1 marker CD11c and M2 marker CD206 in macrophages of blank control group, LPS group, LPS+PRP group, and LPS+PRP+Compound C group were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to observe the effects of PRP on the expression of AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins at different times (12 h, 18 h and 24 h) after LPS treatment. RNA interference technology was used to silence the expression of AMPK in macrophages, and the expression of TGF-β protein was subsequently examined by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#LPS significantly reduced the expression of CD206 and increased the expression of CD11c (P <0.05). After the addition of PRP, the expression of CD206 was significantly increased (P <0.05), while the expression of CD11c was significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with LPS group, PRP treatment significantly increased the expressions of p-AMPK and p-ULK1 proteins at 12 h, 18 h and 24 h, while significantly decreased the expression of p-mTOR protein (P <0.05). After the addition of AMPK inhibitor Compound C, the expression of CD206 was significantly reduced (P <0.05) and the expression of CD11c was significantly increased compared with LPS+PRP group (P <0.05). After silencing the expression of AMPK in macrophages, the promotion effect of PRP on TGF-β was significantly reduced (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#PRP can stimulate the transformation of macrophages to M2 type via AMPK signalling pathway.

In-hospital mortality and related risk factors after knee replacement in China: based on national hospital quality monitoring system data / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To estimate in-hospital mortality after knee replacement (KR) and to assess its trend and risk factors in China.Methods:We included patients undergoing KR in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System in China (2013-2019) to estimate in-hospital mortality after KR and assessed relation of patient's and hospital's characteristics (year of surgery, age, gender, marital status, primary indication, Charlson comorbidity index, geographic location, hospital type, hospital volume of KR, and surgery type) to in-hospital mortality using multivariable Poisson regression.Results:The annual amount of KR has increased from 20 307 in 2013 to 35 757 in 2019, and has maintained an upward trend for 7 years. The mean age of patients having KR increased from 64.9 years in 2013 to 66.6 years in 2019. Of the total 218 923 KRs, 63 deaths (0.29‰) occurred within 30 days before discharging. Older age was associated with higher in-hospital mortality ( P for trend <0.001). Male gender had higher incidence of in-hospital mortality compared with female [relative risk (RR), 2.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 4.1]. Single marital status was associated with higher, albeit non-statistically significant, in-hospital mortality than married patients (RR, 2.1; 95% CI: 0.9, 4.6). Higher Charlson comorbidity index was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality ( P for trend <0.001). Risk of in-hospital mortality decreased with more hospital-year knee replacement surgeries ( P for trend <0.001). In-hospital mortality varied by geographic regions, with the lowest mortality in East region (0.16‰), followed by South-West (0.31‰), South-Central (0.31‰), North region (0.33‰), North-West (0.54‰) and North-East (0.59‰). Conclusion:In-hospital mortality after KR in China was relatively low. Older age, male gender, higher Charlson comorbidity index and lower hospital-year knee replacement surgeries were risk factors for in-hospital mortality. The mortality varied greatly according to the geographic location of hospital.

A prediction model of pathological complete response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after PD-1 antibody combined with total neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy based on MRI radiomics / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To construct a prediction model of pathologic complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer patients who received programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody and total neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy by using radiomics based on MR imaging data and to investigate its predictive value. Methods: A clinical diagnostic test study was carried out. Clinicopathalogical and radiological data of 38 patients with middle-low rectal cancer who received PD-1 antibody combined with total neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and underwent TME surgery from January 2019 to September 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively collected. Among 38 patients, 23 were males and 15 were females with a median age of 68 (47-79) years and 13 (34.2%) a chieved pCR. These 38 patients were stratified and randomly divided into the training group (n=26) and test group (n=12) for modeling. All the patients underwent rectal MRI before treatment. The clinical, imaging and radiomics features of all the patients were collected, and the clinical feature model and radiomics model were constructed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of each model were drawn, and the constructed model was evaluated through the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, primary location of tumor and postoperative pathology between the two groups (all P>0.05). Forty-one features were extracted from region of interest in each modality, including 9 first-order features, 24 gray level co-occurrence matrix features and 8 shape features. From 38 patients, 41 features were extracted from each imaging modality of baseline and preoperative DWI and T2WI images, totally 164 features. Only 4 features were preserved after correlation analysis between each pair of features and t-test between pCR and non-pCR subjects. After LASSO cross validation, only the first-order skewness of the baseline DWI image before treatment and the volume in the baseline T2WI image before treatment were retained. The area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the prediction model established by applying these two features in the training group and the test group were 0.856 and 0.844, 77.8% and 100.0%, 88.2% and 75.0%, 77.8% and 66.7%, 88.2% and 100.0%, respectively. The decision curve analysis of the radiomics model showed that the strategy of this model in predicting pCR was better than that in treating all the patients as pCR and that in treating all the patients as non-pCR. Conclusion: The pCR prediction model for rectal cancer patients receiving PD-1 antibody combined with total neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy based on MRI radiomics has the potential to be used in clinical screening or rectal cancer patients who can be spared from radical surgery.

Oxidative Damage to BV2 Cells by Trichloroacetic Acid: Protective Role of Boron via the p53 Pathway / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity induced by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and the possible protective mechanisms of boron (B). Mouse BV2 cells were treated with TCA (0, 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, or 12.5 mmol/L) and B (0, 7.8, 15.6, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 500, or 1,000 mmol/L) for 3 h and 24 h, respectively. Then, reactive oxygen species, and supernatant proinflammatory cytokine and protein levels were analyzed after 24 h of combined exposure. Beyond the dose-dependent decrease in the cellular viability, it clearly increased after B supplementation ( P < 0.05). Moreover, B decreased oxidative damage, and significantly down-regulated IL-6 levels and up-regulated TNF-β production ( P < 0.05). B also decreased apoptosis via the p53 pathway. The present findings indicated that TCA may induce oxidative damage, whereas B mitigates these adverse effects by decreasing cell apoptosis.

Baicalein Mediated FAK Protein Regulates PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Proliferation and Migration of Gastric Cancer HGC-27 Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the possible molecular mechanism of baicalein （BAI）-mediated focal adhesion kinase （FAK） in the regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway to inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. MethodThe gastric epithelial GES-1 cells and gastric cancer HGC-27 cells were respectively treated with BAI （0， 5， 15， 25， and 50 μmol·L-1） for 48 h， and then methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay was adopted to detect effect of BAI on cell proliferation. Western blot （WB） was employed to detect the expression of FAK and the proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） and PI3K signaling pathway after intervention with different concentrations of BAI. The HGC-27 cells stably overexpressing FAK were constructed with lentivirus-mediated transfection technique， and the transfection of FAK was detected through WB and green fluorescent protein （GFP）. The cells were divided into empty vector （NC） group， BAI group， FAK overexpression group， and BAI-treated FAK overexpression group， and cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT assay. The colony formation and cell migration were observed via colony formation assay and Transwell migration assay， respectively. The expression of proteins involved in EMT and PI3K signaling pathways were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the NC group， BAI （15， 25 and 50 μmol·L-1） inhibited the proliferation of HGC-27 cells in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05， P<0.01） while did not affect that of GES-1 cells. BAI （5， 15 and 25 μmol·L-1） down-regulated the expression level of p-FAK （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with NC group， FAK overexpression group showed up-regulated expression level of FAK in HGC-27 cells. The HGC-27 cells in both NC group and FAK overexpression group had green fluorescence. Compared with NC group， BAI inhibited the growth， colony formation， and migration， while FAK overexpression promoted those of HGC-27 cells. The treatment of FAK overexpression group with BAI inhibited the enhancement of cell proliferation and migration （P<0.05）. WB showed that compared with NC group， BAI （15， 25 μmol·L-1） significantly up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin protein and down-regulated that of Vimentin， Snail， p-PI3K， and p-Akt protein in HGC-27 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with NC group， FAK overexpression group showed down-regulated expression of E-cadherin， up-regulated expression of p-FAK， Vimentin， and Snail， and increased ratios of p-FAK/FAK， p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt （P<0.05）. This phenomenon would be reversed after BAI treatment. ConclusionBAI can affect the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer HGC-27 cells by mediating FAK to regulate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Research on the reform of pathology online-offline teaching mode / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To study the effect of the reform of pathology teaching mode.Methods:The Batch 2017 Class 1 and Class 3 students of clinical medicine who had pathology courses in the second semester of the 2019-2020 school year were selected in the controlled study, and they were divided into the study group (56 students from Class 1) and the control group (57 students from Class 3). For the pathology course, the control group used conventional teaching, and the study group used online-offline mixed teaching combined with problem-based learning (PBL). Both groups were taught for 1 semester. The theoretical assessment scores, practical assessment scores and excellent rate of the two groups after teaching were compared, the abilities of autonomous learning, problem solving, teamwork, and multidisciplinary thinking were compared between the two groups before and after teaching, and the satisfaction with the teaching mode was compared between the two groups. SPSS 23.0 software was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The theoretical assessment scores [(93.86±5.42) vs. (86.74±5.33)] and practical assessment scores [(92.91±5.37) vs. (84.86±5.26)] of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05); the differences in grades distribution were statistically significant, and the excellent and good rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of autonomous learning, problem solving, teamwork and multidisciplinary thinking in the two groups were higher than those before the teaching, and the scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05); after the teaching, the study group had higher satisfaction scores than the control group in enhancing clinical thinking ability, deepening the perception of life value and other aspects ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The combination of online and offline teaching combined with PBL can not only improve the assessment performance and excellent rate of medical students majoring in clinical medicine, but also enhance the ability of medical students to study independently, solve problems, teamwork and multidisciplinary thinking, and improve their satisfaction with the teaching mode.

Abnormal Circadian Clock Ｐromotes AOM / DSS-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice by Remodeling Tumor Metabolism / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Abnormal circadian clock has been identified as an independent risk factor for tumorigenesis, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor. As metabolic disorder is also one of the important characteristics of tumorigenesis, therefore it is particularly important to investigate the regulatory relationship between biological clock and tumor metabolism. In this study, the effect of abnormal circadian clock on colon cancer growth was evaluated by azoxymethane (AOM) / dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) -induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis (CAC) mice model. The result showed that abnormal circadian clock aggravated anal swelling, redness, bloody and anorectal prolapse in CAC mice, and significantly increased the number and volume of CAC polyps (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01), and reduced the intestinal length, body weight, survival rate of CAC mice and the expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor α) (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01), indicating that abnormal biological clock promotes the occurrence and development of CAC. Further, non-target metabonomics analysis of serum samples from mice was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) . The result showed that compared with CAC mice with normal circadian rhythm, 27 differential metabolites were identified in CAC mice with disrupted circadian clock, and 9 metabolic pathways were enriched by KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) database. These results suggest that abnormal circadian clock can significantly change the relative abundance of some metabolites in serum samples from CAC mice, remodel tumor metabolism, and result in the development of CAC in mice. This study reveals the pivotal role of tumor metabolism in the abnormal circadian clock promoting the growth of CAC in mice, providing a new experimental basis for the interaction between circadian clock and metabolic homeostasis in the occurrence and development of colon cancer.

CircHMGCS1 Activates the NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Promotes Proliferation and Invasion in Cervical Cancer Cells / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Circular RNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis. In this study, we explored the role of aberrant expression of circHMGCS1 in cervical cancer cells with TNF-α treatment. RT-qPCR assays showed that circHMGCS1 was highly expressed after TNF-α treatment. And then we investigated the cyclization and stabilization of circHMGCS1 by RNase R and half-life analysis. We further revealed that overexpression of circHMGCS1 promoted the malignancy of cervical cancer cells and the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers by Transwell analysis, MTT, clone formation and Western blotting. Furthermore, we found that circHMGCS1 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway. Altogether, this study provides an experimental basis for elucidating the role of circHMGCS1 in cervical cancer cells, and provides a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.

Associations of Sarcopenia, Handgrip Strength and Calf Circumference with Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To evaluate the associations of sarcopenia, handgrip strength and calf circumference with cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults.@*Methods@#Totally 2,525 older adults were recruited from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination. Handgrip strength was calculated from the means of the right and left hand values. Calf circumference was measured at the site of maximum circumference of the non-dominant leg. The formula developed by Ishii was used to define sarcopenia. Multiple logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations of sarcopenia, handgrip strength, and calf circumference with cognitive impairment.@*Results@#The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 34.36%. The adjusted odds ratio ( @*Conclusion@#Sarcopenia, identified by low handgrip strength and low calf circumference, was positively associated with cognitive impairment.

An acute schistosomiasis case in Wuhan City imported from another province of China in 2020 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

An imported case of acute schistosomiasis was reported in Wuhan City in 2020. The case was infected with Schistosoma by contact with the infested water due to playing water in the Yangtze River when working out of Hubei Province. The patient visited four medical institutions and the duration from onset to definitive diagnosis was 20 days. The patient’s low awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and control knowledge and lack of diagnosis and treatment awareness for schistosomiasis among medical institutions were considered as main causes of the development of acute schistosomiasis and progression to severe case. Intensifying schistosomiasis health education among mobile populations and improving the awareness and capability of early diagnosis of schistosomiasis among clinicians are recommended.

Research progress of poly (β-amino ester)s-based gene vector / 药学学报

Poly (β-amino ester)s (PβAEs) contain tertiary amine backbones and biodegradable ester bonds, making them highly biocompatible and pH-responsive. Meanwhile, originated from combinatorial libraries, PβAEs are simple to synthesize, easy to obtain raw materials and can be easily adapted to meet the different performance needs of gene carriers by adjusting the monomer type, monomer ratio and reaction time. Therefore, PβAEs are promising material for non-viral gene carriers. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the properties and synthesis of PβAEs gene carriers and summarizes the progress of research on the gene delivery of each type of PβAEs.