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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a culture system for mouse intestinal organoids and investigate the effect of deoxycholic acid (DCA) on organoids growth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The terminal ileum was collected from 8-month-old C57BL<6 mice. The tissue blocks were treated with EDTA and the crypts were collected and embedded in Matrigel Matrix. Orgnoids growth and buddings were observed in the control group, anhydrous alcohol group, short-term (2 days) 100 µmol<L DCA treatment group, and long-term (10 days) 10 µmol<L DCA treatment group; the orgnoids were further cultured for 10 days after removal of DCA from the medium and observed for orgnoids growth and buddings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Short-term treatment with high-concentration DCA resulted in significantly reduced enterosphere formation, enteroids formation, progression from enterospheres to enteroids and number of crypt buds per enteroid (P<0.05), which remained unchanged even after removal of DCA for a short time (P<0.05); long after DCA removal, the enteroids formation rate and number of the crypt buds still remained lower than those in normal organoids (P<0.05). Short-term treatment with low-concentration DCA only resulted in reduced enteroids formation rate and number of crypt buds (P<0.05), and prolonged treatment caused reduced enterospheres formation rate, enteroids formation rate and number of crypt buds (P<0.05). After DCA removal, enteroids formation rate and the number of crypt buds still remained lower than those in the normal group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We successfully established an organoids culture system. The presence of DCA in the culture system affects the growth of the organoids, which can partly recover following a prolonged period after the removal of DCA.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the taxonomic richness and diversity of gut microbiota in patients with colorectal adenoma and elucidate the role of gut microorganisms in precancerous lesions in the colon and rectum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Adenomatous tissues from 31 patients with colorectal adenoma and normal intestinal mucosal tissues from 20 healthy control subjects were collected through colonoscopy. The total bacterial genomic DNA was extracted, and the V-Vhypervariable region in bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients with colorectal adenomas had a higher alpha diversity and richness indices compared to the healthy controls (P<0.01). The mucosal microbiota in colorectal adenoma tissue showed a distinctive structural difference from that in normal intestinal mucosal tissues. At the phylum level, a large decrease in Firmicutes with concomitant relative expansion of Proteobacteria was observed in patients with colorectal adenomas, resulting in a significant decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P<0.01). At the genus level, Lactococcus and Pseudomonas were enriched whereas Enterococcus, Bacillus, and Solibacillus were reduced obviously in the preneoplastic tissues (P<0.01). We also found a similar gut microbiome composition between low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; the ratio of Escherichia-Shigella tended to increase in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, but this change was not statistically significant (P%0.28).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Significant changes in the structure of the intestinal flora occur in patients with colorectal adenomas, indicating that the association of dysbiosis of the gut microbiota with the occurrence of a pro-oncogenic microenvironment.</p>
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After a study on the characteristic of ECG data, we propose here in this paper a lossless compression method of ECG data, which is based on JPEG2000. It integrates both 1D and 2D compression. The method has been verified through all forty-eight records in MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. And the result shows that the method has a better compression rate and a good computational efficiency.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Electrocardiography , Methods , Image Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the mechanisms of inhibitory effect of Erlotinib,an epidermal growth factor(VEGF) receptor inhibitor,on angiogenesis of pancreatic carncer.Methods①In a tube formation assay,Erlotinib(100?mol/L) was applied to the culture media and compared to the serum free media.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in BxPC-3 cells treated with Erlo- tinib at different concentrations(5,50,100,200?mol/L) was determined by RT-PCR.②The xeno grafts derived from BxPC 3 cancer cells were inoculated into the BALB/C nude mice.The mice were treated with either Erlotinib(100 mg/kg of Erlotinib oral lavage daily) or saline for four weeks.The vol- ume of the xenografts was measured and the tumor growth rate was calculated.The microvessel density (MVD) of tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry with an antibody against factorⅧ. Results There were less endothelium cells and close hollow tubular structures in grlotinib treated group compared to the control group in the tube formation assay.The mean weight of xenografts in Erlotinib treated group[(0.397?0.550)g] was significantly lower than that in the control group[(1.570?1.060)g] with a inhibitary rate of 74.5%.The expression of VEGF mRNA in Ertotinib treated groups (=50?mol/L) were decreased comparing to the control group.The VEGF expression in xeno- grafts tumor tissues was also markedly down-regulated.The MVI) was significantly decreased in Erlotinib treated group( 1.86?0.43)than that in the control group (5.98?1.27,P