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Objective: To explore school counselors' attitude and decision-making towards dual relationship and confidentiality. Methods: Totally 123 school counselors (27 males and 96 females, aged 20 to 60 years old, 41 primary and secondary counselors, 82 college counselors) filled up of self-designed Questionnaire for School Psychological Consultants on Dual Relationship and Confidentiality Rules, and the related factors which could influence the school counselors' attitude and their decision-making in dual relationship and confidentiality in the counseling work. Results:Totally 71.5％ (n =88) school counselors chose not to accept other relationships with students after counseling, 14.6％ (n = 18) school counselors chose to accept other relationships with students after counseling. The school counselors who had not accepted supervisioneasier to answer as "accept other relationship may raise clients self-esteem or feelings" than those had got supervision (P <0.05). The school counselor believed that the confidentiality agreement should be breached of the top 3(suicide attention, drug use and bad gangs). Counselors easier to breach confidentiality agreements on situation of students had suicide plans than situation of students had plans to run away from home(P <0.001). Conclusion:This study shows that two factors, including supervision and differential clients "issue may have effect on school counselors" attitudes and decision-making towards dual relationship and confidentiality situation in their counseling practice.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of Benazepril on inflammatory cytokines in patients with primary hypertension and its efficacy analysis.Methods 72 patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension were randomly divided into benazepril group(37 cases)and control group(35 cases).The control group patients were given felodipine sustained release tablets Stag,1 times daily.Benazepril group were given benazepril tablets 10mg,1 times daily.Both groups were treated for 8 weeks.Changes in blood pressure and heart rate,plasma inflammatory cytokine levels and the adverse reactions were observed.Results After 8 weeks of treatment,the patients' blood pressures were significantly decreased (t =2.87,2.43,2.31,2.23,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01) than before in both groups.And the decrease in the benazepril group was more obvious than that in the control group (t =2.21,2.13,all P ＜ 0.05),while the patients' heart rates in the two groups showed no significant change (P ＞ 0.05) ; Patients' plasma IL-4 and IL-8 levels decreased significantly,plasma IL-10 levels increased significantly (t =2.99,2.87,3.21,2.13,2.19,2.23,all P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the magnitude of decrease or increase in the benazepril group were more obvious compared with the control group (t =2.21,2.13,2.34,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Benazepril in the treatment of primary hypertension has good antihypertensive effect and security which can significantly reduce the plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-8 levels,improve the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels,and has the role of suppressing the inflammatory response of the vessel wall.