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Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine breakthrough infections in children, and to provide reference basis for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in children.Methods:A total of 97 children aged 3 to 14 years and diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to Xi′an People′s Hospital (Xi′an Fourth Hospital) from December 27, 2021 to February 7, 2022 were included. According to the COVID-19 vaccination status, the enrolled children were divided into unvaccinated group, partially vaccinated group and fully vaccinated group, and the clinical data of the children in the three groups were collected and compared. Chi-square test, two independent sample t-test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Totally 97 children including 49 males and 48 females were enrolled, with 87(89.7%) children of mild type, 10(10.3%) children of common type, and no severe or critical case. The proportions of unvaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated preschool-aged children (3 to 6 years old) were 56.5%(13/23), 30.8%(12/39) and 17.1%(6/35), respectively, while those of school-aged children (7 to 14 years old) were 43.5%(10/23), 69.2%(27/39) and 82.9%(29/35), respectively. The vaccination proportion in preschool-aged children was significantly lower than that in school-age children ( χ2=9.94, P=0.007). The proportion of the children with fever in fully vaccinated group was 17.1%(6/35), which was lower than that in unvaccinated group (43.5%, 10/23), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.82, P=0.028). The cycle threshold (Ct) values of the open reading frame ( ORF)1 ab gene in the unvaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated groups were 33.77(26.87, 36.58), 35.23 (33.45, 38.57) and 37.12 (34.91, 39.39), respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference among the groups ( H=7.76, P=0.021). The Ct values of the nucleocapsid protein ( N) gene in the three groups were 32.26(25.85, 36.18), 35.12(33.18, 37.96) and 37.26(34.27, 39.24), respectively, and the difference among the groups was statistically significant ( H=7.84, P=0.020). The Ct values of ORF1 ab gene and N gene in fully vaccinated group were higher than those in unvaccinated group, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.69, P=0.007 and Z=-2.39, P=0.017, respectively). The duration of viral shedding in fully vaccinated children was (9.9±4.1) d, which was shorter than that in unvaccinated children ((12.8±3.7) d), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.72, P=0.009). Conclusions:The majority of children with breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 are mild. Vaccination may effectively shorten the duration of viral shedding. And fully vaccination is associated with mild clinical symptoms and lower serum viral load compared to unvaccinated children.
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Objective:To analyze the quality of surgical specimens of rectal cancer in the Chinese transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) registry collaborative (CTRC) database.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. Based on the concept of real-world research, the clinicopathological data of 1 761 patients with rectal cancer in the CTRC database who underwent taTME in 40 medical centers, including the Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University et al, from November 15, 2017 to December 31, 2022 were collected. There were 1 212 males and 549 females, aged 62(range, 53-68)years. Observation indicators: (1) preoperative examinations; (2) neoadjuvant therapy; (3) postoperative examinations. Measurement data with skewed distri-bution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Preoperative examinations. Of the 1 761 patients, 1 324 patients underwent preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging examination, and the results showed that 4 cases as clinical T0 stage, 30 cases as clinical T1 stage, 250 cases as clinical T2 stage, 828 cases as clinical T3 stage, 141 cases as clinical T4 stage, 11 cases as clinical Tx stage, 60 cases missing clinical T staging data, 490 cases as clinical N0 stage, 373 cases as clinical N1 stage, 311 cases as clinical N2 stage, 86 cases as clinical Nx stage, 64 cases missing clinical N staging data, 156 cases with mesorectal fascia invasion, 223 cases with extraintestinal blood vessels invasion. The distance from lower margin of tumor to anal margin of 1 324 patients was 50(range, 40-60)mm. (2) Neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 1 761 patients, 873 patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy, including 17 cases receiving radiotherapy alone, 155 cases receiving chemotherapy alone, 43 cases receiving short-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, 26 cases receiving short-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy and delayed surgery, 1 case receiving contact radiotherapy, 277 cases receiving long-course simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, 9 cases receiving other treatments, and 345 cases missing neoadjuvant therapy data. (3) Postoperative examinations. Of the 1 761 patients, 1 584 cases achieved R 0 resection, 23 cases achieved R 1 resection, 1 case achieved R 2 resection, and there were 153 cases missing surgical margin data. The tumor diameter, number of lymph nodes harvest and positive rate of intravascular tumor thrombus were 30(range, 20-45)cm, 13(range, 10-17) and 20.794%(330/1 587) in 1 761 patients. There were 1 647 patients with circumferential margin records, which showed positive in 51 cases, and the minimum distance from deep part of tumor to circumferential margin was 5(rang, 3-13)mm in 1 647 patients. There were 547 cases with distal margin records, which showed positive in 4 cases, and the distance from lower margin of tumor to distal margin was 20(10-25)mm in 547 cases. There were 1 698 patients with specimen integrity records, which showed intact specimen in 1 436 cases, fair specimen in 233 cases, poor specimen in 8 cases, unevaluated specimen in 21 cases, and there were 20 cases with rectal tube perforation. Of the 1 761 patients, cases as pathological T0 stage, Tis stage, T1 stage, T2 stage, T3 stage, T4 stage was 103, 23, 145, 515, 712, 179, respectively, and there were 4 cases of pathology that could not be evaluated and 80 cases missing pathological T staging data. Of the 1 761 patients, cases as pathological N0 stage, N1a stage, N1b stage, N1c stage, N2a stage, N2b stage was 1 117, 189, 133, 66, 109, 68, respectively, and there were 79 cases missing pathological N staging data. Of the 1 761 patients, there were 79 cases with distant metastasis, 1 591 cases without distant metastasis, and 91 cases without data of tumor metastasis. Of the 873 patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, there were 405 patients with tumor regression grade records including 105 cases as grade 1, 142 cases as grade 2, 91 cases as grade 3, 43 cases as grade 4, 24 cases as grade 5. Conclusions:In China, the quality of surgical specimens of taTME for rectal cancer is good with low positive rate of resection margin. It is recommended that using a formatted postoperative pathological report for good quality control of pathological report of surgical specimen.
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The number of colorectal cancer patients in China ranks the top in the world, but there are few international guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer formulated by Chinese, nor high-level evidence-based medicine research of colorectal cancer from China. Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a new technology in the field of colorectal surgery in recent years. At present, clinical practice related to taTME has been carried out simul-taneously with clinical researches in the world. Based on the experience of participating in the top clinical trials in the field of international colorectal surgery, like the COLOR series prospective research, the authors introduce the organization and implementation of COLOR Ⅲ research in China. It is hoped that the COLOR series trials will become an example in the field of high-quality surgical clinical research, so as to improve the clinical research level of colorectal surgery in China.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of head model in improving the photographic ability of interns during the photographic training of oral facial image in pediatric dentistry.Methods:A total of 60 interns of stomatology school affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University were randomly divided into head model training group, mutual training group and clinical probation group for photographic training. After the training, the interns in the three groups were evaluated for the photographic time, the level of photos, etc., by the training test and satisfaction level of volunteers. Besides, the head model training group was conducted by questionnaire survey. One-way analysis of variance and least significant difference analysis were used to analyze the data between groups by SPSS 17.0 software.Results:There was no statistical difference between the head model training group and the mutual training group in photographic time and level of photos, while both of them were much better in the head model training group and mutual training group than in the clinical probation group ( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the head model training group and the mutual training group in the satisfaction level, while that was lower in the head model training group than in the clinical probation group ( P<0.05). According to the questionnaire survey, most interns in the head model training group acknowledged its effects. Conclusion:The use of head model can help improve the oral photographic ability, and promote the teaching effect and efficiency in photographic training.
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Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of different administration methods of hydrocortisone on blood glucose in patients with septic shock. Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched from foundation to December 31st, 2017 for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about hydrocortisone on blood glucose of different drug-deliver ways in patients with septic shock. In addition, the citation retrievals were performed by the literature references. Then the quality evaluation and data extraction was conducted by two researchers independently according to the Cochrane systematic review methods. RevMan 5.3 software was utilized to perform meta-analysis on the influences of the two different administration methods of the continuously pumping hydrocortisone group (experimental group) vs. the intermittently dripping hydrocortisone group (control group) on the mean blood glucose (MBG), largest amplitude of glycemic excursion (LAGE), glucose variability (GV), hyperglycemia time window in patients with septic shock. Results 1 203 relevant articles were preliminarily searched. Then the duplications were removed, reviews, and non-RCTs and articles evidently not accordant with the inclusion criteria were excluded by titles and abstracts. Eventually a total of 5 well-designed RCTs (404 cases) were incorporated, including 201 cases in the experimental group and 203 cases in the control group. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, MBG was significantly decreased in the experimental group [mean difference (MD) = -0.99, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = -1.53 to -0.45, P < 0.05], LAGE was decreased (MD = -5.66, 95%CI =-6.92 to -4.41, P < 0.05), GV was reduced (MD = -0.67, 95%CI = -0.82 to -0.53, P < 0.05), and hyperglycemia time window was shortened (MD = -7.68, 95%CI = -9.03 to -6.33, P < 0.05). The funnel chart revealed that there was publication bias in the MBG, hyperglycemia time window of the articles, and the publication bias was lower in the LAGE and GV. Conclusion Compared with intermittent administration method, the continuous pumping hydrocortisone method can stabilize the blood glucose of septic shock patients, shorten the duration of hyperglycemia and reduce the peak value of blood glucose.
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BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of tissue engineering, a single biological scaffold material is hard to meet the needs of tissue engineering. Therefore, composite scaffolds with excellent performance will be obtained by combining two or more kinds of materials.OBJECTIVE: To detect the adherence and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells on the Chitosan-fibrin composite scaffold.METHODS: Dental pulp stem cells were isolated and extracted from C57 neonatal rats through modified enzyme-digestion method, and subcultured to the third generation, followed by adipogenic and osteogenic induction in vitro. Then, induced cells were identified. The chitosan-fibrinogen composite scaffold was prepared, and the pore size and porosity were determined. The chitosan-fibrin composite scaffold was co-cultured with passage 3 dental pulp stem cells to observe the cell proliferation by MTT assay, and the morphology of the composite scaffold, cell adhesion,proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion were observed under scanning electron microscope. In addition, the cells were inoculated directly on the bottom of culture plate as controls.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The dental pulp stem cells were successfully isolated and cultivated, and positive for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The pore size and porosity of the composite scaffold was (105.32±22.10) μm and (87.714±1.276)%, respectively. The S-shaped proliferation curve in the experimental group was similar with that in the control group; the proliferation rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group after 4-8 days of culture (P < 0.05). At the 2nd day after co-culture, the cells adhered tightly and grew well onto the composite scaffold; at the 4th day, enlarged cells began to proliferate obviously with abundant extracellular matrix; the surface and pores of the scaffold were full of cells at the 6th day. These results indicate that the chitosan-fibrin composite scaffold is suitable for the adhesion and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells.
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Objective To observe and compare the effect of different concentration of ropivacaine on elderly patient with bra-chial plexus block under ultrasound-guided ,to assess its effectiveness and security ,so as to determine the optimum dosage of anes-thetic for elderly patients with brachial plexus block .Methods 120 patients undergoing elective surgery of forearm or hand in this hospital from February 2013 to December 2014 were selected as the observation group in this study .These patients were randomly divided into four groups on average ,narcosis was conducted in each group with ultrasound-guided :group A with 30 mL of 0 .250%ropivacaine ,group B with 30 mL of 0 .375% ropivacaine ,group C with 30 mL of 0 .500% ropivacaine ,group D with 30 mL of 0 .750% ropivacaine .The onset time of sensory block ,motor block level ,duration of analgesia and adverse reactions were observed and recorded .Results With the increase of concentration of ropivacaine ,the onset time of narcotize became shorter(P0 .05) .There was no complications occurred in four groups after narcosis .Conclusion Concentration of ropivacaine more than 0 .375% can achieve perfect clinical effect on elderly patients with brachial plexus block under guidance of ultrasound .
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Objective To explore the clinical value of Glucosamine hydrochloride tablets(GH)alone and combination with Xianlinggubao capsules(XLGB)for treatment patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods 96 patients with KOA were selected,and were divided into two groups according to the random number method, 48 cases in each group.The control group was treated with GH alone,while the observation group was treated with XL-GB on the basis of the control group.US Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were used to evaluate the symptoms change,including pain,stiffness,physical function scores and total scores before and after treatment.The onset time,knee function (HSS)score at 3 months and 6 months after treatment were recor-ded.CRP and ESR were measured,and the total efficacy was evaluated at the end of treatment.Results The differ-ence of WOMAC score between the two groups was not statistically significant before treatment (P >0.05 ).After treatment,pain,stiffness,physical function scores and total scores were (10.2 ±1.4)points,(3.5 ±1.6)points, (40.5 ±5.0)points and (56.4 ±6.7)points in the observation group,those were (14.8 ±2.6)points,(6.2 ±2.3)points, (52.2 ±6.8)points and (73.3 ±4.5)points in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =7.631,4.721,6.791,10.26,all P <0.01).The onset time,HSS score at 3 months and 6 months after treatment in the observation group were (6.0 ±2.2)d,(68.2 ±6.4)points and (84.3 ±6.2)points,while those were (9.8 ± 2.8)d,(58.5 ±3.9)points and (72.8 ±5.4)points in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =5.228,6.341,6.852,all P <0.01 ).The improvements of CRP level and ESR in the observation group were more pronounced than those in the control group (t =3.880,2.668,all P <0.05).After treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 93.8%(45 /48),while that was 77.1%(37 /48)in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =5.352,P <0.05).Conclusion GH combines with XLGB can significantly improve symptoms in patients with KOA,with more rapid recovery of knee function,thus it is a safe and effective therapy.
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BACKGROUND:Stable and efficient labeling of dental pulp stem cel s in vitro is most important in tracer technique, which is also the basis of tooth regeneration in vivo. OBJECTIVE:To determine the optimal condition and method for transfection of stem cel s derived from rat dental pulp with green fluorescent protein infection by lentiviral vector and to determine whether green fluorescent protein-labeled dental pulp stem cel s maintain their stem cel properties. METHODS:Rat dental pulp stem cel s were obtained by modified enzyme digestion method, to identify the immune phenotype and differentiation potential. Dental pulp stem cel s were infected with green fluorescent protein by lentiviral vector for 24 and 48 hours at different multiplicity of infection (MOI) (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100). The infection efficiency and fluorescence intensity were analyzed by inverted fluorescent microscopy. The clonal and proliferation ability, cel cycle and the mineralization potential were compared before and after transfection. Based on those mentioned above, we could evaluate the influence of infection on their biological characteristics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Flow cytometry results showed that rat dental pulp stem cel s expressed STRO-1 and CD146 but not CD34 or CD45. The dental pulp stem cel s could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes when cultured in specific medium for each lineage differentiation. The highest efficiency of infection and strongest fluorescence expression appeared at 48 hours of infection and MOI 50. There were no significant differences in growth ability, cel colony formation rate and cel cycle before and after transfection (P>0.05). And the alkaline phosphatase expressed positively. Infection for 48 hours at MOI 50 is optimal for transfecting dental pulp stem cel s with green fluorescent protein by a lentiviral vector, thereby providing reliable tracer method for the study of rat dental pulp stem cel s in vivo.
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The objective of this study is to explore the application possibility of chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFPbeta1 nanoparticles in the transfection of synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SDMSCs). Chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFbeta1 nanoparticles were fabricated through method of ionic crosslinking. The SDMSCs were harvested from rabbit joints and cultured to passage 3. The SDMSCs were then transfected with chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFbeta1 nanoparticles. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) was employed to detect the shape and diameter of the nanoparticles. The transfected SDMSCs were examined under the fluorescence microscope and detected through the flow cytometry (FCM). The SEM examination showed that the contour of the fabricated chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFbeta1 nanoparticles was round and its average diameter was 50 nm. After being cultured for 48 h, the SDMSCs transfected by chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFbeta1 nanoparticles could be detected under the fluorescence microscope, and the live SDMSCs could also be examined through FCM. The transfection rate was 8% - 10%. Therefore, it suggested that the chitosan/pcDNA-EGFP-TGFbeta1 nanoparticles fabricated through the method of ionic crosslinking could transfect the SDMSCs, but the transfection rate should be improved.
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Animals , Rabbits , Chitosan , Chemistry , Genetic Vectors , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Genetics , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Nanoparticles , Chemistry , Transfection , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , GeneticsABSTRACT
cryopreservation periodontal tissue. METHODS:Periodontal tissue was scraped from healthy human teeth and divided them into three equal parts:fresh group, harvesting periodontal ligament stem cel s from fresh tissue;5%dimethyl sulfoxide group, 5%dimethyl sulfoxide added into the cryopreservation system;10%dimethyl sulfoxide group, 10%dimethyl sulfoxide added into the cryopreservation system. One month later, periodontal ligament stem cel s were extracted from the cryopreserved periodontal ligament from the latter two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the time that cel s swam out of tissue mass and cel harvest amount, the 5%dimethyl sulfoxide group was inferior to the fresh group but better than the 10%dimethyl sulfoxide group (P0.05):colony formation rate of passage 1 periodontal ligament stem cel s, cel survival rate, proliferation ability of passage 3 periodontal ligament stem cel s, cel growth curve and surface marker expression of periodontal ligament stem cel s. The results suggest that the 5%dimethyl sulfoxide added cryopreserved system for periodontal ligament tissue cannot only shorten the time of periodontal ligament stem cel s amplification in vitro, ensure cel harvest and maintain basic cel ular biological characteristics, but also reduce the total amount of the dimethyl sulfoxide and the direct damage to the cel s caused by repeatedly frozen cel s, thereby providing a more secure guarantee for the future implementation of clinical transplantation therapy. So, the 5%dimethyl sulfoxide added cryopreserved system may be the new selection for donor tissue storage.