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Objective:To explore the current status of mental workload and its relationship with work engagement and fatigue, as well as the impact path among the three.Methods:Clinical nurses from six tertiary hospitals including Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, etc. were selected to conduct a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling method from February to March 2020. They were investigated by general information questionnaire, NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), and Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14).Results:The total mental workload score of 776 clinical nurses was 76.50(69.00, 84.00). Single factor analysis showed that clinical nurses of different ages, marriage and childbirth status, education level, professional title and working years had different mental workload ( Z = -2.61, H values were 10.22-22.41, all P<0.01). Bivariate analysis revealed that the mental workload of clinical nurses was positively correlated with work engagement ( r = 0.27, P<0.01) and fatigue ( r = 0.23, P<0.01), and work engagement and fatigue were negatively correlated ( r = -0.23, P<0.01). Mediation effect analysis demonstrated that mental workload had a positive predictive effect on fatigue ( β = 0.39, P<0.01) and work engagement ( β = 0.35, P<0.01); the suppressing effect of work engagement between mental workload and fatigue, the absolute value of the ratio of the suppressing effect to the direct effect was |-0.17/0.39|. Conclusions:The mental workload of clinical nurses is at relatively high level. Hospital administrators can partially improve the fatigue state of clinical nurses with high mental load through the adjustment effect of work engagement.
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Objective To investigate the Activity of Daily life (ADL) among individuals aged 100 and above,in Hainan.Methods From June 2014 to December 2016,a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 100 and over in Hainan province.Data regarding basic information,ADL,prevalence of major age-related diseases was collected in this population.Loss of ADL among these centenarians was described and its determinants examined.Results The prevalence of ADL loss in centenarian population was 72.5％,with the top four items of ADL loss as stair-climbing (79.0％),moving (59.1％),walking (44.3％) and using toilet (41.3％).Results showed that tea consumption,good both on vision and audition were possible protective factors for the functions of ADL.Low level of education and vitamin D deficiency seemed as risk factors for the slowing-down of ADL (P＜0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of ADL loss among centenarians appeared relatively high.Years of education,tea consumption,degrees of vision,audition and vitamin D deficiency were possible risk factors responsible for the ADL loss in this centenarian population.
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Objective To investigate the Activity of Daily life (ADL) among individuals aged 100 and above,in Hainan.Methods From June 2014 to December 2016,a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 100 and over in Hainan province.Data regarding basic information,ADL,prevalence of major age-related diseases was collected in this population.Loss of ADL among these centenarians was described and its determinants examined.Results The prevalence of ADL loss in centenarian population was 72.5％,with the top four items of ADL loss as stair-climbing (79.0％),moving (59.1％),walking (44.3％) and using toilet (41.3％).Results showed that tea consumption,good both on vision and audition were possible protective factors for the functions of ADL.Low level of education and vitamin D deficiency seemed as risk factors for the slowing-down of ADL (P＜0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of ADL loss among centenarians appeared relatively high.Years of education,tea consumption,degrees of vision,audition and vitamin D deficiency were possible risk factors responsible for the ADL loss in this centenarian population.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between waist circumference and the prevalence/control of hypertension in an urban elderly population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2009 to June 2010, a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Wanshoulu area of Beijing, China.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2 035 elderly (828 male, 1 207 females) participants aged ≥60 years from a community were included in this study for data analysis. We found that the increased waist circumference could significantly increase the risk of prevalence and poor control of hypertension, with the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) as 1.04 (1.01-1.08) and 0.96 (0.92-1.00) , respectively. Among those identified pure central obesity females (64.7%) , the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher than those females with normal body mass index (BMI) or with normal waist circumference (52.2%). The adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) between the above said groups appeared as 1.58 (1.07-2.32). The control rate of hypertension among females (32.9%) with pure central obesity, was lower than that of the females with normal BMI and waist circumference (43.5%) , with an adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) as 0.62 (0.37-1.04, P=0.071).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There appeared significant association between people with pure central obesity and the increased risk of prevalence or with poor control of hypertension. More attention should be paid to both the prevalence and control of hypertension programs among females with pure central obesity.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Beijing , Epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hypertension , Epidemiology , Obesity, Abdominal , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Urban Health , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
Objective Our purpose was to evaluate the teaching satisfaction of clinical epi-demiology among medical postgraduate and to come up with measures for further improvement of teaching quality. Methods A self-administered questionnalre was given to all the medical postgradu-ates and doctoral students of Grade 2013 by cluster sampling when they finished the course of clinical epidemiology. A total of 559 graduate students, including 324 graduate students (58%), 235 doctoral students (42%), recruitment graduate students 350 (62.6%), on-the-job graduate student 209 (37.4%).The contents of the questionnalre included many aspects such as the investigation object in general, teaching materials evaluation satisfaction, curriculum and teacher satisfaction evaluation. Respondents ' self-administered manner was adopted. Parallel input was done by using Epidata software; data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software, continuous variable was made by x±s, categorical variables was expressed by n(%). Continuous variables were compared among groups by t test and analysis of vari-ance. Classification grouping variable was compared by chi-square test, and P<0.05 for the difference was statistically significant . Results Overall evaluation of theory was below that of the internship teaching materials. The satisfaction rate of practicability, meeting the learning needs and difficulty degree for theory and practice teaching material were 83.7% (468/559), 87.5% (489/559), 67.1% (375/559) and 92.7%(518/559), 89.6%(501/559), 83.0%(464/559) respectively. 41.6%(87/209) of on-the-job students and 36.7% (119/324) of postgraduates considered theory teaching material was difficult for them. The satisfaction rate for faculty teaching attitude (99.5%, 556/559), faculty teaching method (98.6%,551/559), the theories combining with practice teaching method (97.5%, 545/559) were high, but the satisfaction rate for teaching hours was low (67.4%, 377/559), with one third students consider more hours for the course. Conclusion The Teaching effect of clinical epidemiology is falrly good in our school. The postgraduates are satisfied with the teaching materials, curriculum setting, and teach-ing faculty. But there are also some shortcomings. In the future teaching work, we should appropriately increase the hours, and set corresponding teaching contents and methods according to the different learning characteristics of the on-the-job graduate students and recruitment graduate students, to improve the teaching effect and teaching quality.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its sex specific difference among community elder population in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the old people aged ≥60 years and selected through a two stage cluster random sampling in a community in Beijing from September 2009 to Jun 2010. The standard international case definitions of MS (2009) and CKD (2012) were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2 102 old people aged 60-95 years, including 848 males and 1 254 females, were surveyed. The prevalence of MS and CKD were 59.1% and 12.6% respectively. The prevalence of CKD increased from 2.9% to 18.3% with the increase of the forms of MS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the ORs of MS for decreased renal function, albuminuria and CKD were 2.13 (95% CI: 1.39-2.26), 1.99 (95% CI: 1.41-2.82) and 2.03 (95% CI: 1.52-2.71) respectively, and the risk of CKD increased with the forms of MS. The impact of MS on decreased renal function was stronger in females (OR: 2.19 vs. 1.89), but the impact of MS on albuminuria was stronger in males (OR: 1.22 vs. 2.13).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was a strong and sex specific association between MS and CKD among the community elder population in Beijing.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Albuminuria , Epidemiology , China , Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Collection , Metabolic Syndrome , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Epidemiology , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to assess the secular changes of BMI, prevalence rates of overweight and obesity as well as related factors in an elderly population of Beijing, during 2001 and 2010.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A two-round population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an elderly population, selected from a representative urban area in Beijing in 2001 (n = 2 277) and 2010 (n = 2 102) respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this population, the age-adjusted means on BMI were 25.3 (95%CI, 25.1-25.5) for men and 25.8 (95%CI, 25.5-25.9) for women in 2001, and 25.0 (95%CI, 24.8-25.1) and 25.0 (95%CI, 24.7-25.1) in 2010, respectively, which all significantly declined. According to the WHO criteria, related data were shown as follows:the age standardized prevalence rates of overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) were 48.3% among men and 46.3% among women in 2001, 44.5% and 39.9% for men and women in 2010 respectively; the age-standardized prevalence rates of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²)were 5.4% on men and 11.6% on women in 2001, but declined to 4.9% and 7.3% in 2010 respectively; the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were both significantly declined in women, but not in men. However, according to WGOC criteria, the age standardized prevalence rates on overweight (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m²) were 47.9% in men and 44.9% in women in 2001, and were 47.2% and 41.0% respectively for men and women in 2010; the age-standardized prevalence rates of obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m²) were 19.2% in men and 24.2% in women in 2001, both significantly declined to 15.5% and 18.0% in 2010, respectively. Positive correlations were found between the levels of blood pressure, glucose and lipids and BMI. Results from multiple factors logistic regression analysis also indicated that healthy lifestyle including reducing cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and increasing daily exercises in the last 10 years, also played roles in the decrease of prevalence rates on both overweight and obesity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mean BMI and prevalence rates of overweight and obesity decreased in the last 10-year period, 2001-2010. Hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia remained as risk factors of overweight and obesity. Healthy lifestyle in elderly seemed partially account for the declined BMI.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , China , Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Obesity , Epidemiology , Overweight , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity ( ba-PWV) and metabolic syndrome ( MetS) among the Chinese elderly and the gender difference .Methods:We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in a representative urban area of Beijing , China. A sample of 2 102 community elderly (848 males, and 1 254 females) aged 60 to 95 years were included in the study .MetS was defined according to the 2009 harmonizing definition .Results:The prevalence of MetS was 59.1% (50.1% in males and 65.2% in females, P<0.001).The baPWV value was be-tween 8.2 to 45.6 (20.0 ±4.4) m/s, and showed an increasing trend with age (P<0.001).The par-tial correlation showed baPWV was positively associated with BMI (r =0.076, P =0.037), systolic blood pressure (r=0.380, P<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.276, P<0.001), triglyceride (r=0.040, P=0.046), fasting blood glucose (r=0.140, P<0.001), 2-hour post-meal blood glu-cose (r=0.121, P<0.001), and negatively associated with HDL-C (r=-0.128, P=0.048).There was a strong association between baPWV and prevalence of MetS and its component number in females but not in males .Compared with the lowest quartile of baPWV , the adjusted ORs were 1 .22 ( 95%CI 0.83-1.79), 1.32(95%CI 0.90-1.93), 1.46(95%CI 1.00-2.14) in males and 1.28(95%CI 0.93-1.77), 1.55(95%CI 1.12 -2.16), 1.86(95%CI 1.32-2.61) in females for the second, third and top quartiles .Conclusion:The prevalence of MetS increases substantially with increasing levels of baPWV among the Chinese elderly , especially in females .
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Famotidine is a new H2-rceeptor antagonist with high efficieney. we used China -made famotidine 20mg twice a day to treat 80 cases of peptic ulcer. The four-week healing rate reached 71.3%, and total effectiveness was 80%. The abdomen pain disappearance rate reached 41% within a 3-day administration, 69% within a week and 94.8% after a 4-week treatment.As for side effects, only 5 cases manifested mild headache and dizziness. Clinical observation indicates that famotidine is a safe and effective therapy for peptic ulcer