ABSTRACT
The cooperative malaria control project between Indonesian and Japanese institutions was conducted from 2001 to 2004 at small malaria endemic foci on Lombok and Sumbawa Islands. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of the project according to the opinions of the villagers. We conducted a KAP survey of a simple random sample of 300 householders on each island. The conclusion of the study was that the project reduced malaria incidence significantly on Lombok. However, the effects were not as clear on Sumbawa. Poor socio-economic status and lack of school education were important related factors. Therefore, health education, or behavioral change communication, was an essential component of malaria control.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bedding and Linens/supply & distribution , Communicable Disease Control/methods , Female , Health Education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Surveys , Humans , Indonesia/epidemiology , Insecticides , Interinstitutional Relations , Interviews as Topic , Japan , Malaria/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Mosquito Control/methods , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Two decades have already passed since the first HIV/AIDS case was described in 1981. Cumulatively, over 20 million people have unfortunately lost their lives, and more than 40 million people are now living with HIV, and most of them are from developing countries. China, as the biggest developing country, has an impact on the epidemic of HIV/AIDS. From the first case of AIDS diagnosed in Mainland China in 1985, the epidemic has spread at an alarming rate. The feature of HIV/AIDS spread in Mainland China concerns its geographical characteristics that can be described as occurring in three phases. According to data from World Health Organization (WHO), it was estimated that about 840,000 people are living with HIV/AIDS in China, and 80,000 of them have already developed AIDS. WHO warned that, if there were no effective preventive measures adopted, that the number of HIV/AIDS infected cases would reach 10 million in China by 2010.In this study, we described the current situation of the epidemic of HIV/AIDS, as well as an historic review. The development of policy-making and the control measures are also highlighted. The experience from China described in this study would hopefully be for more public awareness of this crisis that is threatening all the citizenry of China.